1、2024年高考英语复习：猜测词义 刷题练习题汇编A组统一命题课标全国卷题组Passage 1(2023全国甲,B)词数291Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.She credits these skills to her late grandfather an
2、d builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A days work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money. She says:“Im sure I wasnt much of a help to start with. But when Derek built our family house about eight years ago, I was heavily involve
3、d(参与), painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy(租
4、期)comes to an end. She adds:“Ive moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, its been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when Ive moved out.”With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over the coming w
5、eeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. A fifth wish to increase the value of their houses.
6、Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.1. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1?A. An artist.B. A winner.C. A specialist.D. A pioneer.2. Why did Terris grandfather give her 5 a day?A. For a birthday gift.B. A
7、s a treat for her work.C. To support her DIY projects.D. To encourage her to take up a hobby.3. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented?A. By making it look like before.B. By furnishing it herself.C. By splitting the rent with a roommate.D. By cancelling the rental agreement.4
8、. What trend in DIY does the research show?A. It is becoming more costly.B. It is getting more time-consuming.C. It is turning into a seasonal industry.D. It is gaining popularity among females.答案1. C2. B3. A4. DPassage 2(2022全国乙,C)词数316Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and relia
9、bility of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying todays “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a
10、24/7 basis.Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspec
11、ted, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient(高效) across the board.That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railway
12、s alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews efforts.By using the latest technologies, drones co
13、uld also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail dont need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They w
14、ill be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able
15、 to react in time.1. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.B. Drones ability to work at high altitudes.C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.D. Drones reliable performance in remote areas.2. What does “maintenance” underlin
16、ed in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Personnel safety.B. Assistance from drones.C. Inspection and repair.D. Construction of infrastructure.3. What function is expected of the rail drones?A. To provide early warning.B. To make trains run automatically.C. To earn profits for the crews.D. To accelerate transp
17、ortation.4. Which is the most suitable title for the text?A. What Faults Can Be Detected with DronesB. How Production of Drones Can Be ExpandedC. What Difficulty Drone Development Will FaceD. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways答案1. A2. C3. A4. DPassage 3(2022全国甲,C)词数312As Ginni Bazlinton r
18、eached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins(企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughou
19、t her career (职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to trave
20、l the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided I wanted to go,”
21、 she says. “I had no idea about what Id find there and I wasnt nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers shed never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife
22、 to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hea
23、r the operatic sounds it was making underwater.”The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.1. Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2?A. Try challenging things.B. Take a degree
24、.C. Bring back lost memories.D. Stick to a promise.2. What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica?A. Lovely penguins.B. Beautiful scenery.C. A discount fare.D. A friends invitation.3. What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey?A. It could be a home for her.B. It should be easily a
25、ccessible.C. It should be well preserved.D. It needs to be fully introduced.4. What is the text mainly about?A. A childhood dream.B. An unforgettable experience.C. Sailing around the world.D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.答案1. A2. C3. C4. BPassage 4(2021全国乙,B)词数333When almost everyone has a mobile p
26、hone,why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座机)?These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesnt own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anyw
27、here,anytime.Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey(调查). Of those Australians who still have a landline,a third concede that its not really necessary and theyre keeping it as a security b
28、lanket19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor(因素)only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use lan
29、dlines now and then,compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers whove perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isnt the only factor; Id say its also to do with the makeup of your household.Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone
30、 rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone(using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).How a
31、ttached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?1. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?A. Their target users.B. Their wide popularity.C. Their major functions.D. Their complex design.2. What does the underlined wor
32、d “concede” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Admit.B. Argue.C. Remember.D. Remark.3. What can we say about Baby Boomers?A. They like smartphone games.B. They enjoy guessing callers identity.C. They keep using landline phones.D. They are attached to their family.4. What can be inferred about the landline from
33、the last paragraph?A. It remains a family necessity.B. It will fall out of use some day.C. It may increase daily expenses.D. It is as important as the gas light.答案1. B2. A3. C4. BPassage 5(2021全国甲,C)词数356When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray Jan
34、uary morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous cr
35、ashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant dont worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a
36、 nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “Safe!Safe!Safe!” And thats what matteredlanding tricks, being a good skater.When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skatebo
37、arding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, Id given it up.When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. Ive traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear; touri
38、sts and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving (穿梭) among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail-thin teenager, in a baggy white T-shirt, skidded(滑)up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a fe
39、w of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”1. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?A. He felt disappointed.B. He gave up his hobby.C. He liked the weather there.D. He ha
40、d disagreements with his family.2. What do the underlined words “Safe!Safe!Safe!” probably mean?A. Be careful!B. Well done!C. No way!D. Dont worry!3. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?A. To join the skateboarding.B. To make new friends.C. To learn more tri
41、cks.D. To relive his childhood days.4. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. Children should learn a second language.B. Sport is necessary for childrens health.C. Children need a sense of belonging.D. Seeing the world is a must for children.答案1. A2. B3. D4. CPassage 6(2020全国,B)词
42、数324Returning to a book youve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. Theres a welcome familiaritybut also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books dont change, people do. And thats what makes the act of rereading so rich and
43、transformative.The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. Its true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, its all about the present. Its about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading
44、is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take to reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingways A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, its his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicati
45、ng(令人陶醉的), an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillards Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble(随笔)about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazars Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because poetry. And because Cortazar.While I tend to buy a lot o
46、f books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an authors work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. B
47、ut remember, its you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.1. Why does the author like rereading?A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.B. Its a window to a whole new world.C. Its a substitute for drinking with a friend.D. It extends the understandin
48、g of oneself.2. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast?A. Its a brief account of a trip.B. Its about Hemingways life as a young man.C. Its a record of a historic event.D. Its about Hemingways friends in Paris.3. What does the underlined word “currency” in paragraph 4 refer to?A. Debt.B. Reward.C. Allowance.D. Face value.4. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He loves poetry.B. Hes an editor.C. Hes very ambitious.D. He t
