1、人教版八年级下册英语Unit 2单元语法知识点总结本单元重点短语的具体用法1. clean up：打扫（或清除）干净 - We need to clean up the classroom before the teacher comes. 我们需要在老师来之前把教室打扫干净。2. cheer up：（使）变得更高兴；振奋起来 - Lets cheer up and look forward to the future. 让我们振作起来，展望未来。3. give out：分发；散发 - The volunteers are giving out food to the homeless. 志愿
2、者们正在向无家可归者分发食物。4. come up with：想出；提出（主意、计划、回答等） - She came up with a great idea to solve the problem. 她想出了一个很好的解决问题的主意。5. put off：推迟 - We had to put off the meeting because of the bad weather. 由于天气恶劣，我们不得不推迟会议。6. hand out：分发 - The teacher asked me to hand out the papers. 老师让我分发试卷。7. call up：打电话给（某人）
3、；征召 - I need to call up my friend to discuss the project. 我需要给我的朋友打电话讨论这个项目。8. used to：曾经；过去 - He used to be a teacher, but now he works in a company. 他过去是一名老师，但现在在一家公司工作。9. care for：照顾；非常喜欢 - She cares for her elderly parents very much. 她非常照顾她的年迈父母。10. try out：参加选拔；试用 - I want to try out for the sc
4、hool football team. 我想参加学校足球队的选拔赛。11. fix up：修理；装饰 - He fixed up the old bike and gave it to his cousin. 他修好了那辆旧自行车，送给了他的表弟。12. give away：赠送；捐赠 - She gave away all her old clothes to the charity. 她把她所有的旧衣服都捐赠给了慈善机构。13. take after：（外貌或行为）像 - My sister takes after our mother. 我妹妹长得像我们的妈妈。14. set up：建起
5、；设立 - They set up a new company to develop the market. 他们成立了一家新公司来开发市场。15. make a difference：影响；有作用 - Small actions can make a big difference. 小小的行动也可以产生很大的影响。16. put up：张贴；搭建；举起 - Please put up the notice on the bulletin board. 请把通知张贴在公告栏上。17. help out：帮助摆脱困境 - We should help out those in need. 我们应
6、该帮助那些有困难的人。18. give up：放弃 - Dont give up easily. Keep trying. 不要轻易放弃。继续努力。19. come true：实现 - His dream came true finally. 他的梦想终于实现了。20. run out of：用尽；耗尽 We ran out of money during the trip. 我们在旅行中用完了钱。21. be similar to：与相似 This book is similar to the one I read last week. 这本书和我上周读的那本很相似。22. voluntee
7、r to do sth：自愿做某事 She volunteers to teach English in the community. 她自愿在社区教英语。23. make plans to do sth：制订计划做某事 They made plans to travel around the world. 他们制订了环游世界的计划。24. ask sb (not) to do sth：要求某人（不要）做某事 The teacher asked us not to talk in class. 老师要求我们不要在课堂上说话。25. used to do sth：过去常常做某事 I used t
8、o play the piano when I was a kid. 我小时候常常弹钢琴。26. give up时间to do sth：腾出时间做某事 I gave up my weekend to study for the exam. 我放弃了周末的时间来准备考试。27. get a feeling of：产生的感觉 I got a feeling of excitement when I saw the fireworks. 当我看到烟火时，我产生了一种兴奋的感觉。28. decide to do sth：决定做某事 She decided to learn a new language
9、. 她决定学习一门新语言。29. help sb (to) do sth：帮助某人做某事 Can you help me (to) finish this project? 你能帮我完成这个项目吗？30. make a difference to：对产生影响 This project will make a big difference to the community. 这个项目将对社区产生重大影响。31. make it possible for sb to do sth：使得做某事对某人来说成为可能 The new technology makes it possible for us
10、to communicate more easily. 新技术使我们更容易沟通。本单元重点句子1. Id like to help homeless people.我想帮助无家可归的人。2. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.她决定参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者选拔。3. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.你可以请求医院让你看望那些孩子，并让他们高兴起来。4. Mario believes it
11、 can help him to get his future dream job.马里奥相信这能帮助他找到将来梦寐以求的工作。5. She volunteers there once a week to help kids to read.她每周去那儿做一次义工，帮助孩子们学习阅读。6. Im making some signs to put up around the school.我正在制作一些要张贴在学校周围的标牌。7. Im making some plans to work in an old peoples home this summer.我正在制定今年夏天去老年之家工作的一些
12、计划。8. They told me some stories about the past and how things used to be.他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是什么样子的。9. .but I want to learn more about how to care for animals.但是我想更多地了解如何照顾动物。10. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners faces.当我看到动
13、物们（病情）渐好， 还有它们主人脸上喜悦的表情时，我会有一种强烈的满足感。11. Volunteering is a dream come true for me.在这里志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。12. I am sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me.我相信你知道这个组织是为了帮助像我这样的残疾人而成立的。13. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”本单元重点知识点和语法讲解1.co
14、uld v. 能；可以用法详解：could 作情态动词后接动词原形。可以用于提出建议，语气比can委婉。- You could try calling him again.（你可以再给他打个电话。）这里 could 表示建议，意思是“可以”。- I could play the piano when I was a child.（我小时候会弹钢琴。）这里 could 表示过去的能力。2.volunteer v. 志愿做；义务做 n. 志愿者Volunteer for sth./doing sth. 志愿/自动申请做某事。Volunteer to do sth. 自愿/义务/无偿做某事。3.us
15、ed to 曾经.过去.表示过去一度存在或经常发生但现在已经不存在的动作或状态。E.g. He didnt use to wear glasses. = He usednt to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜。拓展延伸：get used to/be used to doing 习惯于做某事be used to do sth. 被用于做某事Get used to/be used to doing 意思是“习惯于做某事”，强调动作的长期性和习惯性：She is used to exercising every day.（她习惯每天锻炼。）Be used to do sth. 意思是“被
16、用于做某事”，表示某物的用途或功能：This knife is used to cut meat.（这把刀是用来切肉的。）Wood can be used to make furniture.（木材可以用来制作家具。）4.each/every 两者均可表示“每个”， 但用法不同Each student has a book.每个学生都有一本书。They each have ten books.他们每个人都有十本书。Each of us has a gift.我们每个人都有一份礼物。5.be busy with 忙于. 后接名词或代词 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事- Be b
17、usy with 后接名词或代词，表示忙于某项具体的事情或任务： - She is busy with her homework.（她忙于她的家庭作业。） - They are busy with the project.（他们忙于这个项目。） - I was busy with the cleaning when you called.（你打电话来时，我正忙着打扫。）- Be busy doing sth. 用于表示正在进行的动作或活动： - He is busy preparing for the exam.（他正忙着准备考试。） - We were busy decorating the
18、 house for the party.（我们忙着为聚会装饰房子。） - The students are busy practicing the dance.（学生们正忙着练习舞蹈。）6.imagine (v.) imagine +n./pron. 想象 E.g. Can you imagine a life without the Internet?你能想象没有因特网的生活吗？imagine (sb.) doing sth. 想象（某人）做某事E.g. She couldnt imagine living in a place like that.她无法想象住在那样一个地方。imagin
19、e+从句 想象.E.g. Can you imagine that we could build a beautiful city with rubbish?你能想象我们可以用垃圾建一座漂亮的城市吗？7.interest (v./n.) n. 兴趣，关注 v. 使感兴趣，使关注用法详解：interest 作名词，意为“兴趣，关注”其短语：have (an) interest in 对.感兴趣have no interest in 对.不感兴趣take /show an interest in 对.产生兴趣lose interest in 对.失去兴趣8.动词不定式：动词不定式的基本形式是“to
20、+v.”有时to可以省略。动词不定式是没有人称和数的变化。在句中不能作谓语，其否定形式是“not to+v.”动词不定式的常见用法作文训练五、书面表达根据汉语提示及要求,以 Sallys Dream为题写一篇短文。提示:1.Sally是一个中学生,她想成为一名职业演员。2.她同时也是一名志愿者 ,经常参加一些志愿者服务活动,业余时间她还上表演课。3.现在她遇到了一些麻烦,无钱上表演课.她想出了许多办法,如:打电话给家长、主动辅导孩子的美术、张贴启事寻找工作挣钱等。4.问题解决了，她可以继续上课了，她的梦想回实现的。要求：1. 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范。2. 不少于80个单词。Sa
21、llys Dream参考范文Sallys DreamSally is a high school student. She wants to be a professional actress. As a volunteer, she often volunteers her time to help other people. At the same time she takes acting lessons. She needs to come up with ideas for making money. She called up parents offering art lessons to children. She even put up signs for asking for jobs. Now shell be able to go on her lessons, and she can become a professional actress one day.第 12 页 共 12 页
