1、主谓一致Subject-verb Agreement观察下列句子观察下列句子我是小猫我是小猫I I amam a cat.a cat.你是小猫你是小猫You You areare a cat.a cat.他是小猫他是小猫He He is is a cat.a cat.我们是小猫我们是小猫We We areare cats.cats.“主谓一致主谓一致”是指是指谓语动词谓语动词与与主语主语必须必须在人称、在人称、数上保持一致数上保持一致，即，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式。在具体处理一致关系时可遵循以下三原则在
2、具体处理一致关系时可遵循以下三原则:语法一语法一致致、意义一致意义一致、就近一致就近一致。什么是主谓一致？什么是主谓一致？谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数的情况的情况1.可数名词单数；不可数名词；可数名词单数；不可数名词；代词单数；不定代词代词单数；不定代词Rice is mainly grown in the south of China.水稻主要种植在中国的南方。The milk in the fridge is fresh.冰箱里的牛奶是新鲜的。Nobody knows the answer.没有人知道答案What he said has been recorded.他说的话已经被录音了。T
3、o read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good.每天清晨朗读英语对你有好处Reading often means learning.读书常意味着学习。2.单个从句、不定式、动名词作主语TimeTime waits for no man.时间不待人。MoneyMoney means nothing to him.金钱对于他来说毫无价值。Three thousand kilometresThree thousand kilometres is not very far.三千公里并不是很远。Eight Eight kilograms
4、 is too heavy.八公斤太重了3.3.表时间、价钱、距离、重量、数目、长度、体积、表时间、价钱、距离、重量、数目、长度、体积、面积、数学运算作为一个整体概念，作主语面积、数学运算作为一个整体概念，作主语4.表国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词表国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词The United States is in North America.美国在北美洲。One Thousand And One Night tells people lots of folk tales.一千零一夜给人们讲了很多民间故事。Mathematics is my favorite subj
5、ect.数学是我最喜欢的学科。数学是我最喜欢的学科。6.以以-s结尾的海峡、山脉、群岛作主语时。结尾的海峡、山脉、群岛作主语时。Rocky Mountains stand in the west of North America.落基山脉坐落在北美洲西部。落基山脉坐落在北美洲西部。5.以以-s结尾的表示学科名称的名词作主语。结尾的表示学科名称的名词作主语。（如：（如：maths、mathematics、physics、economics、gymnastics等等）7.并列主语作为不可分的整体时并列主语作为不可分的整体时law and rule 法规法规knife and fork 刀叉刀叉wa
6、r and peace 战争与和平战争与和平science and technology 科学与技术科学与技术A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.The knife and fork has been washed.War and peace is a constant theme in history.9.one each every one each one anyoneof+复数名词复数名词+V.单数单数Each of the houses was slightly different.8.each、
7、either、neither、another、the other作主语作主语或后跟名词单数作主语或后跟名词单数作主语eachand each.everyand every.noand no.many aand many aEvery man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their parents.每个人都有充分的理由为他们父母所做的工作感到骄傲。Each boy and each girl has been invited to the party.每个男孩和女孩都被邀请来参加聚会。+V.单
8、数单数10.并列主语前有并列主语前有each,every,many a,no等修饰。等修饰。11.11.固定固定短语短语（1）many a+名词单数+V.单数 （许多）（2）more than one+名词单数+V.单数 （不止一个）(3)a/an+名词单数+or two+V.单数Many a good man has been destroyed by drink.许多好人都毁在了饮酒上。谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数的情况的情况1.复数名词、复数代词2.bothand连接并列主语3.the+姓氏的复数 表“夫妇两人或一家人”作主语时The Chinese _ hard-working.(be
9、)4.the+国家国家 表示表示某国人的总称某国人的总称做主语时做主语时（如（如the Chinese,the British,the Irish等等）谓语动词用复数。谓语动词用复数。are5.police,cattle，people，youth等集合名词等集合名词 作主语，谓语作主语，谓语动词用复数动词用复数The police _(search)for the murderer now.are searching 6.表示表示成双成套成双成套的名词，如：的名词，如：chopsticks,glasses,shoes,socks,trousers,gloves 等作主语时等作主语时,谓语动词通
10、常用复数形式谓语动词通常用复数形式.Glasses _(is,are)sometimes important to a persons image（形象）.areThe pair of glasses_(make)Deng Chao more handsome.makes但如与但如与a kind of,the kind of,a pair of,the pair of等等连用作主语时，连用作主语时，谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数形式形式.7.one or two+名词复数名词复数+V.复数复数8.more+名词复数名词复数+than one (不止一个不止一个)9.we/you/they或名词复
11、数或名词复数+each 作主语，谓语动作主语，谓语动词用复数词用复数The students each have much homework.就近原则就近原则谓语动词的形式由离它最近的主语而定 A or B Either A or B Neither A nor B Not only A but also BNot A but B 动词形式由动词形式由B决定决定 Here There+be A and B A,B and C动词形式由动词形式由A决定决定就远原则就远原则谓语动词的形式由离它最远的主语而定Deng Chao as well as other members of Running
12、Man _(be)going to take part in the show.isTom,together with his parents_(be)going to watch the TV show-Running Man.isA+with/along with/together with/as well as/besides/like/without/except/including/rather than/but+B 作主语，作主语，谓语动词根据谓语动词根据_来确来确定形式。定形式。A其他情况其他情况V.单复数要分类讨论单复数要分类讨论1.某些某些集集合合名词如名词如family,t
13、eam,class,crowd,group,audience如强调如强调整体整体，谓语动词用，谓语动词用单数单数形式形式;如果强调如果强调集体中的成员集体中的成员，谓，谓语动词用语动词用复数复数形式。形式。The family _all fond of football.The family_the smallest unit of society.areis2.有些名词有些名词单复数同形单复数同形，如：，如：sheep，deer，fish，crossroads，means,works 根据表达的意思决定用单数还是复数根据表达的意思决定用单数还是复数All possible means hav
14、e been tried.Every possible means has been tried.3.all作主语指人时，谓语动词用复数；指物时，谓语动词常用单数。All have arrived here now.现在大家都到了。All was silent.万籁俱寂。4.主语中的名词或代词由分数、百分数或some ofsome of（一些）、（一些）、most ofmost of（大部分）、（大部分）、he rest ofhe rest of（其余的），（其余的），half ofhalf of（的一半）、的一半）、a part ofa part of（部分的）（部分的）、t the maj
15、ority/minority of he majority/minority of 的大多数的大多数/少数少数等短语限定时，谓语动词的单复数由其后的名词决定.2020 of the people in the city of the people in the city areare the old.the old.Part of his story Part of his story waswas not true.not true.5.多个非谓语动词或从句作主语，表达多个非谓语动词或从句作主语，表达同一概念用单数同一概念用单数，表达，表达不同概不同概念用复数念用复数。Going to be
16、d early and getting up early is good for your health.Reading books and playing table tennis are my great pleasure.6.The+形容词形容词 作主语作主语,表示表示一类人一类人时时,谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数;表示表示抽象概念抽象概念时时,谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数 The young are always full of vitality(活力活力).The good is what people like.The Premier and Foreign Minister wa
17、s present at the state banquet.The Premier and the Foreign Minister were present at the state banquet.总理兼外交部长出席了国宴。总理兼外交部长出席了国宴。总理和外交部长都出席了国宴。总理和外交部长都出席了国宴。指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只能用一个冠词；指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只能用一个冠词；指不同的人或物时，并列主语前需要分别加冠词。指不同的人或物时，并列主语前需要分别加冠词。7.由由and 连接主语时连接主语时,并列主语表示并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念不同的人、物或概念时时,谓语动词
18、用谓语动词用复复数数;并列主语表示并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念同一个人、物或概念时时,谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数.Those who have seen the film please put up your hands.The man who is speaking at the meeting is our chairman.8.在定语从句中，关系代词 that,who,which等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应视先行词先行词的单复数而定。9.one of+the+名词复数名词复数+定语从句（定语从句（V.复数）复数）the（only）one of+the+名词复数名词复数+定语从句（定
19、语从句（V.单数）单数）He is one of the teachers in our school who know Japanese.He is the only one of the teachers in our school who knows Janpanese.1.A great number of tourists _(has)been to the Great Wall.have2.The number of workers who were out of work _ 1,000.was10.a number of+复数名词复数名词+谓语动词的谓语动词的复数复数形式形式t
20、he number of+复数名词复数名词+谓语动词的谓语动词的单数单数形式形式Large quantities of time _(is,are)spent on dress rehearsal(彩排)A large quantity of money _(has,have)been earned through this show.arehas11.a quantity/amount of quantities/amounts of 后可接可数后可接可数/不可数名词作主语：不可数名词作主语：quantities/amounts of后的谓语动词总用后的谓语动词总用_。a quantity/
21、amount of后名词是中心词，谓语动词后名词是中心词，谓语动词取决于后面的名词取决于后面的名词是否可数；是否可数；复数复数All of the apples _rotten.所有的苹果都烂了。All of the apple _rotten.整个苹果都烂了。are isNone of the money_ left.没有剩下一点钱。None of the students _ there.没有一个学生在那里；学生都还没在那里。is is/are12.不定代词不定代词all,more,some,any,none作主语或修饰作主语或修饰主语时主语时,谓语动词谓语动词视情况而定。视情况而定。Wh
22、at she said _(be)correct.What she left me _(be)old books.isare13.what引导从句作主语，通常谓语动词用引导从句作主语，通常谓语动词用单数单数；但如；但如所指意义为复数，谓语动词用所指意义为复数，谓语动词用复数复数14.一个名词单数或不可数名词被几个用一个名词单数或不可数名词被几个用and连接的形容词修饰，指一件连接的形容词修饰，指一件事，事，V.单数；指几件事，单数；指几件事，V.复数复数Simple and plain living is a fine quality.English and American literature are appealing to me.T h a n k s
