1、 Unit 3 Back to the pastUnit 3 Back to the pastReadingReadingSailing theSailing the oceanoceanIts in our nature to exploreIts in our nature to explore.Sailing the oceans Zheng HeIn the summer of 1405,Zheng He,one of Chinas greatest explorers,set sail from Taicang on his first voyage.A fleet of over
2、200 ships navigated the blue seas,with almost 28,000 people on board,which was a splendid scene.It would take 500 years before a larger fleet sailed the seas.According to some records,the largest ships were over 140 metres in length,demonstrating the advanced technology and special skills used in co
3、nstructing ships.碧海远航郑和公元1405年夏，中国一位最伟大的探险家郑和从太仓起锚，开启了他的首次远航。其船队有船200余艘，载着近28000人，在碧海上乘风破浪，场面极其壮观。规模更大的航海船队要到500年后才出现。据史料记载，郑和船队最大的船长逾140米，可知其造船技术之高超，工艺之独特。Between 1405 and 1433,on behalf of the Ming Dynasty,Zheng He made a total of seven voyages.His ships were loaded with china,silk,tea and other t
4、reasures as gifts for foreign rulers,and the fleet paid friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions.He even sailed as far as the east coast of Africa.As they sailed,the navigators took compass readings,kept logs of their voyages and charted the coast.Later the detailed maps became Zheng He
5、s Navigation Map.1405至1433年间，郑和代表明朝总共进行了七次航行。他的船队满载瓷器、丝绸、茶叶和其他奇珍异宝作为馈赠异邦君王的礼品，先后对30多个国家和地区进行了友好访问。他最远甚至抵达了非洲东海岸。海员们一路上记录罗盘刻度，书写航海日志，绘制海岸地图。这些详细的地图后来集为郑和航海图。1.navigated the blue seas,.(line 2)lv.to find your position and the direction you need to go导航；uv.to sail along,over or through a sea 航行，航海uv.to
6、 find the right way to deal with a difficult situation 找到正确的方法unavigate-navigation-navigator1.The river became too narrow and shallow _(navigate).2.His father is an expert in _(navigate).3.He became a _(navigate)during the war.navigationto navigatenavigator2.Between 1405 and 1433,on behalf of the Mi
7、ng Dynasty,Zheng He made a total of seven voyages.L7 1405年到1433年期间，郑和代表明朝共进行了七次航行。(1)on behalf of sb=on sb.s behalf:代表某人【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)The President cant be here today,so Im going to speak on _ behalf.2)_ behalf of our company,I would like to express our heartfelt thanks to you.hisOn2.Bet
8、ween 1405 and 1433,on behalf of the Ming Dynasty,Zheng He made a total of seven voyages.L71405年到1433年期间，郑和代表明朝共进行了七次航行。(2)a total of:number or amount 总数为 The school has a total of 1,776 pupils.翻译：。这所学校总计有1776名小学生【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。(1)a total of.总共；的总数 in totalin all 总计；总共(2)totally adv.完全地；整个地1
9、)A total _ 27 activities allow visitors to have an unforgettable experience.2)There were about 30 people _ total.4)Her husband was _(total)astonished by the unexpected visit.ofintotally3.were loaded with china,silk,tea.(line 8)ln.负载，负荷；（责任或忧虑的）沉重感lv.装上，装入；装子弹/弹药uload sth into/onto sth 把.装入/上.uload s
10、th with sth 用.装载.ua load of/loads of.大量的.1.We finished _(load)and set off.2.She loaded film _ the camera.3.She loaded the camera _ film.4.She thought she would not be able to bear the load of bringing _ her family alone.5._(know)that they had arrived safely took a load off my mind.6.He carried a _(l
11、oad)gun.intowithloadingupKnowingloaded4.kept logs of their voyages and charted the coast.(line 11)ln.正式记录，原木；日志lv.把.载入日志；伐木ukeep a log/logs of.记录.;写.的日志ulog(sb.)in/on 登录，注册ulog(sb.)off/out 退出，注销5.kept logs of their voyages and charted the coast.(line 11)ln.a page or sheet of information in the form
12、of diagrams 图表ln.a detailed map of the sea 海图lv.to make a map of the area or show the feature in it 绘制地图lv.to record or follow the progress or development of sb./sth.记录，跟踪lv.to plan a course of action 制定计划Para.1&Para.2启航L1在船上L3根据L4在长度上L5高超的技术L5代表L7总数L7-8被装满了.L8进行友好访问L9做记录L11set sailon boardaccording
13、 toin lengthadvanced technologyon behalf ofa total ofbe loaded with.pay friendly visits to.keep logs of.Zheng Hes seven voyages had a far-reaching impact on China and its neighbours.In the countries and regions where Zheng He set foot,legends have been passed on about this great explorer.Zheng Hes e
14、fforts helped develop and strengthen harmonious relations with these countries and regions,exposing foreign people to Chinese culture,and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands.郑和七次下西洋对中国及其邻国产生了深远影响。在郑和到访过的国家和地区，至今流传着有关这位伟大探险家的传说。郑和的努力有助于发展和巩固中国与这些国家和地区的和睦关系，促进中国文化的对外传播，也增进了中国对海外诸邦
15、的了解。For many years,some historians dismissed the records of these voyages as legends.The final proof came when an enormous shipyard was discovered in Nanjing,where the fleet had been built.Zheng Hes accomplishments are now widely acknowledged,and he is remembered as one of Chinas most influential ex
16、plorers.多年来，一些历史学家认为这些航海活动的记载只是传说而不予理会。后来，铁证出现了，在南京发现了一个巨大的造船厂，当年郑和的船便在此处建造。郑和的成就在今天获得公认，他也作为中国最具影响力的探险家之一被世人铭记。6.and strengthen harmonious relations with.(line 16)ladj.friendly,peaceful and without any disagreement 和谐的，和睦的uharmony-harmonious-harmoniouslyube in harmony with sth 与.和谐相处1.The only way
17、for us to survive is to live _ harmony with nature.2.In short,a good and _(harmony)environment at home is necessary for a child to grow healthily.3.I firmly believe that human should live with nature _(harmonious).4.Their harmonious relationship resulted _ their similar goals.harmoniousfrominharmoni
18、ously7.some historians dismissed the records as legends.(line 18)lv.不予考虑，对.不屑一提；摒除(思想、感情等)lv.解雇；解散udismiss sth as.把某事当成.不予考虑udismiss-dismissal 1.We can safely dismiss what he said _ a joke.2._(dismiss)her fears,she climbed higher.3.At 12 oclock,the class _(dismiss).4.He was so _(responsible)that I d
19、ecided to dismiss him.5.He still hopes to win his claim against the unfair_(dismiss).was dismisseddismissalasirresponsibleDismissing/Having dismissed8.Zheng Hes accomplishments are now widely acknowledged,and he is remembered as one of Chinas most influential explorers.郑和的成就在今天获得广泛认可，他也作为中国最具有影响力的探险
20、家之一被世人铭记。acknowledge vt.承认承认(1)acknowledge.to be/as.承认承认是是/为为 acknowledge doing承认做了某事承认做了某事 It is(widely)acknowledged that.人们人们(普遍普遍)认为认为 He is widely acknowledged as one of the worlds greatest architects.翻译：翻译：。她被公认为是全国最好的艺术家之一。她被公认为是全国最好的艺术家之一。翻译：翻译：.他被公认为是世界上最伟大的建筑师之一。She is acknowledged to be/as
21、 one of the best artists in the country.9.he is remembered as one of Chinas most influential explorers.(line 21)ladj.having a lot of influence on sb./sth.有很大影响力的ube influential in sth./doing sth.在(做)有支配力uinfluence-influential 1.He had been influential _ making economic policy.2.She is one of the mos
22、t _(influence)figures in local politics.3.What exactly is the influence of online games _ teenagers?influentialinon/uponPara.3&Para.4对.有深远的影响L13传承L14-15巩固了和谐的关系L15-16使.接触到.L16-17允许某人做某事L17把某事当成.不予考虑L18普遍认为L20作为而被铭记L21have a far-reaching impact on sthpass onstrengthen harmonious relations withexpose
23、sb to.allow sb to do sthdismiss sth as.be widely acknowledgedbe remembered as.Christopher ColumbusThose who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the wayas was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus.Columbus was born in a port city of Italy in 1451.As a teenager,h
24、e loved sailing,and he showed great interest in geography,which inspired him to begin his career as a seaman.克里斯托弗哥伦布凡获得伟大发现的人，往往必须战胜重重磨难，探险家克里斯托弗哥伦布便是如此。1451年，哥伦布生于意大利一个港口城市。少年时代他就喜爱航海，对地理表现出极大的兴趣。这些激励他开始了海员生涯。Columbus insisted on searching for a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing acros
25、s the Atlantic Ocean.After continuous attempts,he received financial support from the King and Queen of Spain.On 3 August 1492,he departed from Spain with three ships carrying about 90 crewmen.哥伦布决心横渡大西洋，开辟一条直通东印度群岛的航线。经过不懈的争取，他终于获得了西班牙国王和王后的资助。1492年8月3日，他和约90名船员分乘三艘船从西班牙出发。The journey was full of c
26、hallenges:it took longer than expected,they faced a shortage of food,and one of the ships was leaking badly,which put everyone on this ship in grave danger.The men on board were in panic.Regardless of all the challenges,Columbus managed to keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and bravery a
27、cross the ocean.这次航行中他们饱经患难：航行时间超过预期，食物储备不足，还有一艘船严重漏水，上面所有人都命悬一线。船上的人们都陷入了恐慌。哥伦布不顾所有的挑战，凭借自己的知识和勇气，确保大家都平安越过海洋。Finally,on 12 October,the crew spotted land in the distance.Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he was convinced that he was in the East Indies.However,the sho
28、res they had reached were of the Caribbean,not the East Indies.终于，10月12日那天，有船员看到远方的陆地。哥伦布深信来到了东印度，便将生活在岛上的土著人称为印地安人。然而，他们所到达的海岸其实属于加勒比海地区，而不是东印度群岛。10.Columbus insisted on searching for a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean.L5哥伦布决心横渡大西洋，开辟一条直通东印度群岛的航线。insist vi.&v
29、t.坚决要求；坚持说坚决要求；坚持说 坚持坚持 insist on doing sth.坚决主张做某事坚决主张做某事 insist that+sb.+(should)do sth.坚持要求（宾语从句中用虚拟语坚持要求（宾语从句中用虚拟语气，气，should可以省略）可以省略）eg.He insisted _ addressing me as Mr.Kennedy.eg.Some people insist that interest and talents should be put first in career choosing.翻译：翻译：。有些人认为职业选择时应该把兴趣和才能放在首位。
30、on 11.On 3 August 1492，he departed from Spain with three ships carrying about 90 crewmen.在1492年8月3日，他带着三艘船以及大约90个船员从西班牙出发了。(1)depart from 离开；开出；从离开；开出；从出发出发 depart for 开往开往；去往；去往；动身去；动身去 (2)departure n.离开，启程离开，启程 eg.Flight 45 will depart _ Harbin at 11:45 a.m.and arrive in Hongkong at 2:30 p.m.eg.Th
31、e bus departing Toronto is about to close its doors.翻译：翻译：_ demonstrated how unreliable he was.他突然离去，这说明他是多么不可靠。他突然离去，这说明他是多么不可靠。from for His sudden departure12.put everyone on this ship in grave danger.(line 10)ln.坟墓ladj.严重的，深切的；严肃的，表情沉重的ugrave-gravityufrom the cradle to the grave 从生到死;一生1.The cons
32、equences _(be)very grave if nothing is done.2.The police have expressed grave concern about the missing _(child)safety.3.Have you realised the _(grave)of the situation?4.Learning should be a never-ending process,from the cradle _ the grave.childsgravitywill beto13.panic n.惊恐，恐慌 vi.&vt.(使）惊慌，(使)惊慌失措i
33、n panic 惊慌地get into a panic 惊慌失措Office workers fled in panic as the fire broke out.火灾爆发时，办公室人员惊慌逃离。对即将到来的考试惊慌失措是没用的。It is no use getting into a panic about the coming exam.14.Regardless of all the challenges,Columbus managed to keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and bravery across the oc
34、ean.哥伦布不顾所有的挑战，凭借自己的知识和勇气，确保大家都平安越过海洋。regardless of：不管不顾不考虑eg.The law requires equal treatment for all,regardless of race,religion,or sex.翻译：。法律要求平等对待所有人，不分种族、宗教或性别 15.convince vt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说convince sb to do sth.说服某人做某事convince sb of sth.使某人相信某事他们试图说服他去支持他们。They tried to convince him to support t
35、hem.Between 1493 and 1504,Columbus found more land over the course of his three subsequent voyages.The major contribution of this great explorer is that he“discovered”the New World.His discovery inspired explorers such as Captain James Cook to explore and discover more vast areas of the world.His vo
36、yages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration,a period which witnessed many important geographical findings.This period also allowed for an international exchange of ideas and cultures.1493至1504年，哥伦布又先后三次出航，途中发现了更多陆地。这位伟大探险家最大的贡献是“发现”新大陆。他的发现激励了诸如詹姆斯库克船长这样的探险家去探索和发现世界更广大的区域。他的航海活动开启了大航海时代的新篇章
37、，那是一个见证许多重大地理发现的时期。同时，这个时期也实现了思想和文化的国际交流。16.This period also allowed for an international exchange of ideas and cultures.这个时期也实现了思想和文化的国际交流。allow for:使成为可能考虑到 把计算在内eg.It will take about two hours to get there,allowing for traffic jams.翻译：。allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事eg.The twins,who had finished their
38、 homework,_ (allow)to play badminton on the playground.考虑到交通堵塞，到那里大约需要两小时were allowed沿途L1-2对表现出兴趣 L3-4鼓励某人做某事L4坚持做某事L5离开L7食物短缺L9使.处于极大的危险中L10惊慌地L11不顾，不管L11设法完成某事L11翻开新的篇章L20使成为可能L22along the wayshow great interest in sthinspire sb to do sthinsist on doing sthdepart froma shortge of foodput.in grave
39、dangerin panicregardless ofmanage to do sthopen a new chapter of.allow for1.In the summer of 1405,Zheng He,one of Chinas _(great)explorers,set sail from Taicang _his first voyage.2.A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas,with almost 28,000 people _ board,_ was a splendid scene.3.According
40、to some records,the largest ships were over 140 metres _ length,_(demonstrate)the advanced technology and special skills _(use)in constructing ships.greatestText Reviewononwhichindemonstratingused非限定从中，非限定从中，whichwhich指代前面整个句子时，从句谓语用单数指代前面整个句子时，从句谓语用单数现在分词短语作状语现在分词短语作状语过去分词短语作定语过去分词短语作定语4._ behalf o
41、f the Ming Dynasty,Zheng He made _ total of seven voyages.5.His ships _(load)with china,silk,tea and other treasures _ gifts for foreign rulers.6.In the countries and regions _ Zheng He set foot,legends have been passed _ about this great explorer.7.Zheng Hes efforts helped develop and _(strong)harm
42、onious relations with these countries and regions,exposing foreign people _ Chinese culture.OnText Reviewaaswherewere loadedstrengthentoon定从，先行词在从句中作地点状语定从，先行词在从句中作地点状语8.The final proof came _ an enormous shipyard was discovered in Nanjing,where the fleet _(build).9.Zheng He is remembered as one of
43、Chinas most _(influence)explorers.10.Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the way_ was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus.11.He showed great interest in geography,which inspired him _(begin)his career as a seaman.12.Columbus insisted _searching for
44、a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean.whenText Reviewhad been builtasinfluentialto beginon13.After _(continue)attempts,he received _(finance)support from the King and Queen of Spain.14.The men on board were _ panic.15.Regardless _all the challenges,Columbus manag
45、ed to keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and _(brave)across the ocean.16.Columbus called the natives _(live)on the islands Indians because he was convinced _ he was in the East Indies.17.This period also allowed _ an international exchange of ideas and cultures.financialText Reviewinofli
46、vingbraverythatforcontinuous现在分词短语作定语现在分词短语作定语harmoniousinfluentialproof负责；主管负责；主管有的证据；有证据(表明)Exercise B1(Exercise B1(P33P33)on behalf ofwas loaded withstrengthenedsubsequent次年Exercise B1(Exercise B1(P33P33)Exercise B1(Exercise B1(P33P33)acknowledgedin line with ones willbear/give witness to sth按照某人的心愿按照某人的心愿(文中指文中指“遗愿遗愿”)为为作证；证明作证；证明Thank you.
