1、学习目标1.归纳总结状语从句的作用、分类、形式、主要句型等；2.使学生掌握状语从句的相关解题方法；重点难点时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句内容课堂导入一、 前沿最新动态题型高考典题试做命题角度解读语法填空1.Over time，as/when the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.2.Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a prob
2、e, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 3.As/When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary（传奇的）artist，they smiled and pointed down the river.1.常见的状语从句有：时间状语从句、条件状语从句、
3、让步状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、原因状语从句、比较状语从句和方式状语从句，共八种。2.考查最多的是时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、地点状语从句。二、课程导入指出下列句子中划线部分的成分及功能1.We always leave for school early.2.He found his lost cellphone on the playground.3.Turning left，you will see our school.4.You must do experiment in the right way.5.He did well enough to pass th
4、e exam.6.He kept on studying in spite of being tired.7.I didnt realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.8.You should have put the book where you found it.9.My friends dislike me because Im handsome and successful.10.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the ba
5、ck could hear more clearly.状语句子的一个重要修饰成分，可以修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子；如果用一个从句来表示，就称为状语从句，根据其功能分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、方式状语从句。知识讲解状语从句的分类一、时间状语从句1when，while和as引导的时间状语从句when从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。while从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。as从句谓语一般为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边，一边；随着”。While some p
6、eople are motivated by a need for success，others are motivated by a fear of failure.尽管有些人被成功的渴望所激励，但也有一些人却被失败的恐惧所激发。As the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。2表示“一就”的连词引导的时间状语从句(1)as soon as，the moment，the minute，the insta
7、nt，immediately，directlyThe moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work，she was filled with joy.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。(2)在hardly.when.，no sooner.than.结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。I had hardly got to the office，when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上
8、回家。3before，since引导的时间状语从句(1)before表示“在之前；还未就；还没有来得及就”。常用句式：It will be/was一段时间before.过了时间才；It wont be/wasnt一段时间before.没过多久就。We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。If you miss this chance，it may be years before you get another one.如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获
9、得一次。(2)since意为“自从以来”，常用句式：It is/has been一段时间since从句(常用过去时)。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。As is reported，it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.正如所报道的，清华大学自建立以来已有一百多年了。4till/until引导的时间状语从句until/till用于肯定句表示“直到为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not.until/till.表示“直到才”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动
10、词。until可用于句首，而till不能。If you dont understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people until you figure it out.如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。She didnt start the lesson until the pupils settled down.等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。5every time，each time，next time，the first time，by the time等引导的时间
11、状语从句By the time you have finished this book，your meal will get cold.等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。二、让步状语从句1although，though，as和while引导的让步状语从句(1)though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序。Although these measures are not effective forever，they are vital for now.虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。Hot as/though the
12、 night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.夜晚的空气虽然很热，但因为长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。(2)though可用作副词，意为“然而”，表转折，置于句末。(3)while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。(4)as、though引导让步状语从句时采用倒装的两种特殊情况如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。Youngest as/though he is in our class，he speaks English best.他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但他英语说得
13、最好。行为动词前置时，从句主语后面要用may，might，can，could，will，would等情态动词，若没有情态动词，则需加上一个do(does或did)。若前置的行为动词是及物动词，则其宾语也随其后一并提前。Search as they would here and there，they could find nothing in the room.尽管到处寻找，但他们在房间里找不到任何东西。Change your mind as/though you do，you will get no help from us.即使你改变主意，你也得不到我们的帮助。2even if与even t
14、hough 引导的让步状语从句even if/even though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。Tim is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesnt get much exercise.蒂姆尽管不怎么锻炼，但体形很好。3“疑问词ever”引导的让步状语从句wherever，(what，who，whom，when，which，how)ever表示“无论”，引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter where(what，who，whom，when，which，how)。It is genera
15、lly considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.总的来说，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。However/No matter how hungry I am，I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.无论我有多饿，我似乎从来不能吃完整条面包。4whether.or.引导的让步状语从句whether.or.意为“无论还是”，提供两种对比情况。All people，whether they are old or young，rich or poor，
16、have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。三、其他状语从句状语从句连词条件状语从句if，unless(if.not)，so/as long as(只要)，on condition that，in case(万一)，suppose/supposing，provided/providing原因状语从句because，as，since，now that，considering that (考虑到，鉴于)目的状语从句so th
17、at，in order that，in case (以防)结果状语从句so that，so.that.，such.that.地点状语从句where，wherever方式状语从句as(正如，正像)，as if/as though(好像)比较状语从句than，as.as.，not as/so.as.You wont find paper cutting difficult as long as you keep practicing it.只要你不断练习，你不会觉得剪纸很难。Just as a single word can change the meaning of a sentence，a s
18、ingle sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.正如单个单词可以改变一句话的意思那样，单个句子也能改变一段文字的意思。He had his camera ready in case he saw something that would make a good picture.他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些他能够拍成好照片的东西。易错提醒as if/as though引导的方式状语从句与事实相反时，从句通常用虚拟语气：与现在的情况相反时，用过去时；与过去情况相反时，用过去完成时；与将来情况相反时，用would/could/might动词
19、原形。【技法点拨】在语法填空中：状语从句的考查集中在连词的使用上。解题时要认真分析主、从句之间的逻辑关系，明确从句表示时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、方式、比较等，再根据各种从句固定使用的连接词确定正确答案。练习巩固一、填空1. _ difficulties we may come across in carrying out this plan, well work together to overcome them. 2. My grandparents have developed a habit of taking a walk after dinner every day except
20、 _ it rains. 3. _ _ the volunteers have to consider their own problems，they are still encouraged by the spirit.4. _ there is water nearby, make a special effort to breed fish.5. Man must keep in mind that it will be years _ the earth recovers from the damage he makes to it.6. You are sure to be succ
21、essful in the job market _ you make yourself better known to the interviewer.7. Jimmy came back early last night. It was not yet eight oclock _ he got home. 8.Ive already told you that Im going to buy a new iPad, _ much it costs. 9. Facing a beggar, I may feel this poor person needs help, and the ne
22、ed will not be met _ I put my hand in my pocket now. 10. Charlotte assured Tony that they could easily find the restaurant _ she was familiar with the area. 11. _ _ _ the robbery was committed, the police began searching for the criminals.12.We firmly believe that the project, _ carried out accordin
23、g to the plan, will definitely work out well. 13.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, _ accompanied by an adult. 14. _ youve tried it, you cant imagine how tasty the fish I cooked is.15. It is five years _ she began to take up raising flowers, and s
24、hes got a lot of experience in how to keep them more attractive. 16. If you want to do the experiment again, youd better be more careful you made a mistake. 17. Such an educational programme can teach students how to make positive choices _ having faced with conflict. 18. It is recommended that the
25、exploration team take with them an extra set of equipment _ _ unexpected emergency occurs. 19. Most probably it will be another 7 hours _ you can have next meal, so each of you must have your stomach full. 20. _ the doctors tried every means, the 2-year-old girl who survived in the Indiana Hurricane
26、(飓风) finally gave up and joined her parents in heaven. 21. The man wont be sent to prison _ _ _ he does volunteer work in the community for at least two years.22. _ you are in a speech contest or you are giving a talk in class, a little preparation will make your presentation organized and dynamic.二
27、、语法填空ASay cheese! If youre in Chicago, chances are that youre on camera. Officials in the Windy City _1_ (install) more than 10,000 security cameras. Some of the cameras are powerful enough to read the text of a book. Police officers say the cameras help keep people safe. They use them to find crimi
28、nals and to read the license plates of stolen cars. The fact _2_ there might be a camera nearby also prevents people from _3_ (commit) crimes. The use of security cameras can even improve driving safety and prevent accidents. Anyone who runs a red light can be tracked and given a ticket. “_4_(know)
29、the license plate number of a speeding person can ensure the safety of the community,” agrees Camryn Wood, a sixth grader from Bellingham, Wash. Others, however, say the city cameras are far from picture-perfect. They say that recording people _5_ their knowledge is an invasion of privacy. People ha
30、ve a right to privacy. But what kind of privacy do we have if someone can read their checking account information while we _6_ (write) a check at the grocery store? Some people worry that the recordings _7_ (misuse). There arent enough policies in place to make sure that the recordings are safely ke
31、pt, and they could end up on the Internet. Most people dont commit crimes, so they _8_ not be mentioned. Lisa Melnick, an office worker from Simpson, Pa. agrees. “Things could really get out of control if cameras were allowed everywhere,” she says. “It frightens methat I could be watched.” What do y
32、ou think? Should cities monitor residents with cameras? BIt was in the Victorian Era _1_ the novel became the leading form of literature in English. Most writers were more concerned to meet the tastes of the middle class. The best known works of the period included the works of Charles Dickens and t
33、he Bronte Sisters and _2_. Charles Dickens came on the literary scene in the 1830s. Dickens wrote vividly about London life and the struggles of the poor. Most of his works _3_ (write) in a very humorous style, which was popular with readers of all classes. The Bronte sisters were English writers of
34、 the 1840s and 1850s. They began to write from early childhood. In 1846 they published the first book _4_ their own expense as poets; however, their book attracted little attention, selling only two copies. Then the sisters turned to writing novels, each _5_ (produce) a novel in the following year.
35、An interest in rural matters and the changing social and economic situation of the countryside maybe seen in the novels of Thomas Hardy and _6_ number of others. Literature for Children _7_ (develop) as a single style. Some works became well-known, such as those of Lewis Carroll and Edward Lear. Adv
36、enture novels were written for adults but are now generally grouped in the list for children. Helen Beatrix Potter was an English author at the end of the Victorian Era, best known for her childrens books, _8_ featured animal characters. In her thirties, Potter published the highly successful childrens book The Tale of Peter Rabbit in 1902.
