1、Unit3 Sports and fitness sentence structure of reading and thinking Revision 根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式 1.They say that he _(掌握) several foreign languages. 2.She worked hard in order to win _(荣誉) for herself. 3.We have got 16 _(奖牌)，most of which were won by women. 4.Chinese _( 运 动 员 ) have also made important
2、contributions to the Olympic Games. 5.I feel greatly _(honour) to be welcomed into their society. masters glory medals athletes honored 课文句式 1.This helps you to relate what you read to what you already know and to understand the new text. 本句为复合句，句中有两个宾语从句，由what 引导. what引导宾语从句时在从句中作主语、宾语,定语或表语， 表示“所-
3、的” 1. 表示“的东西或事情”，相当于“the thing that.; all that.; everything that.” Theyve done what they can to help her. 他们已经做了他们能做到一切去帮助了。 2. 表示“的时间”,相当于the time that： After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. 似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。 The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what
4、 seemed like hours. 小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了似乎几个小时。 3. 表示“的人”，相当于the person that。 如： He is not what he was a few years ago. 他不是几年前的他了。 4. 表示“的地方”，相当于the place that。 如： This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称作盐湖城的地方。 In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。 5. 表示“的数目”，
5、相当于the amount/number that。 如： Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是十年前的两倍。 1. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when 2. People in Chongqing are proud of _they have achieved in the past ten years. A. that B. which C. what D. how 3
6、. _ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 4、In some countries _ is called equality does not really mean equal rights for all people. A. which B. what C. that D. one 5、Chen Jiagen was born in a family in _is now the special economic zone of China. A. what B.
7、 where C. that D. which 6、Water will continue to be _ it is today - next in importance to oxygen. A. how B. which C. as D. what A C A B A D 2.In the final seconds of a game,Jordan always seemed to find a way to win. Seem用法 1)、“主语+ seem +（to be ）+表语”，表语多为名词或形容 词，有时是其他的词或短语，以说明主语的特征或状态。例如： Tom seems （
8、to be ） a very clever boy. 汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。 The man over there seems to be a new teacher. 那边的那个人看上去像一个新老师。 Mr Black seemed to be quite happy. 布莱克先生好像十分快乐。 This small town seems changed a little. 这个小城镇似乎有 点儿变化。 seem后用现在分词还是过去分词取决于分词本身的逻辑主 语，如句中的主语（盍作的执行者）是分词的逻辑主语，用 现在分词，反之用过去分词。 2)、“主语+ seem + 不定式”，此
9、句型中的seem与不定式一 起构成复合谓语。例如： Mrs Green doesnt seem （或seems not ） to like the idea. 格林夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意。 The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西呢。 The young man seemed to have changed much. 这个年轻 人看起来变化很大。 3)、“It seems + that从句”，其中it 是形式主语，that引导主 语从句。例如： It seems that no one kno
10、ws what has happened in the park. 似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。 It seems to me that Mr Brown will not come again. 在我 看来布朗先生不会再来了。 4)、“There + seem to be +名词”，其中to be 可省略。seem 的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式而定。 例如：There doesnt seem to be much hope of our beating that team. 看来我们战胜那个队没有多大希望。 5).seem常用于由as if/though引导的从句中
11、，如： a) It seems as if it is going to rain. b) It seems as though our planll be perfect. c) It seems as if he knew nothing about that. d) It seems as if it was/were spring already. 注在这种句式中，如从句所叙述的情实现的可能性比 较大，从句谓语用陈述语气 ，如a,b两例；若实现的 可能性较小，或根本不可能实现，从句的谓语则用虚拟 语气，如c,d 两例。 6). seem还常常同like搭配。如： 注这种句式表达的 意思
12、同“seem+to be +n.”结构表达的意思基本相同，故 两种句式可替换，如： The girl seems like a bird/to be a bird. 同义句转换 1. It seemed that he played basketball yesterday. He _ _ _ _ yesterday. 2. The bird seems to have flown away. It _ _ the bird _ _ _. 3. I seem to lose my confidence. It _ _ I _ _ _. 4. It seems that my computer
13、went wrong. There _ something _ _ _ _. 5. It seems that he is happy. He _ _ _ _. seemed to play basketball seems that has flown away seems that lose my confidence seems wrong with my computer seems to be happy 3.The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since
14、1996. 句中“has been helping”为现在完成进行时。其构成为：have/has been现在分词。 【用法总结】 (1)表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在并仍在继续之中。它常和how long，for时间段，since时间点结构及all the time，this week，all day/night，all the morning等连用。 I havent been sleeping well since I returned home. 回到家以来我一直睡得不好。 (2)表示过去开始的动作刚结束并在某种情况下与现在有关联。 Sorry，Im late.Have you be
15、en waiting long? 对不起，我迟到了。你等了很久了吗？ Yes.Ive been waiting for an hour.是的，我等了一个小时 了。 (3)表示现在以前这段时期反复发生的动作(强调次数多，动作 不一定持续)。 He has been cycling to work for the last three weeks. 三周以来，他一直骑自行车上班。 补全句子 Jack _ Jane every night for the last week. 最近一周杰克天天晚上给简打电话。 His eyes are red.He _ too hard recently. 他眼睛红
16、了，准是最近工作太辛苦了。 has been phoning has been working 4.When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup， her determination was tested. When引导的时间状语从句 一、when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用； 而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。 Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作， 为何还想再找
17、新的？ Sorry，I was out when you called me（call为短暂性动词） 对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。 Strike while the iron is hot（is为延续性动词，表示一种 持续的状态）趁热打铁。 The students took notes as they listened（listen为延续性动词）学生 们边听课边做笔记。 二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生； while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 1从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用when。 When he had finished hi
18、s homework，he took a short rest（finished 先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 When I got to the airport，the guests had left（got to后发生）当我 赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。 2从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when， while，as都可使用。 When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in（dance 为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 When While As she was making a pho
19、necall，I was writing a letter（make为延续性动词）当她在打电话时，我正在写信。 3当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表 示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用as。这时，as常表示“随 着”；“一边，一边”之意。 As the time went on，the weather got worse（as表示“随着”之 意） The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases随 着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。 As years go by，China is getting
20、 stronger and richer随着时间一年 一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。 The little girls sang as they went小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。 The sad mother sat on the roadside，shouting as she was crying伤 心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫。 4在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。 You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it在我读完 这本书后，你可以借阅。 三、when用于表示“一就”的句型中（指过去的 事情
21、）。 sbhad hardly（scarcely） done sthwhen Hardly Scarcely had sbdone sthwhen I had hardly scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the doorHardly Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。 I had hardly scarcely entered my room when the telephone rangHardly Scar
22、cely had I entered my room when the telephone rang我刚一走进房门，电话 就响了 用when、while或as完成下列句子 1. Were you looking at him _ he was writing the letter? 2. He was smoking _ he was waiting in his car. 3._ he saw her, he waved. 4. The children were running out _ it suddenly began to rain heavily. 5. Was your mot
23、her doing housework _you came back? 6. I was trying my best to finish the work _ my sister was watching TV. 7. How fast were you going _the policeman stopped you? 8. She _(take) a shower _ the telephone _(ring). 9._he _(arrive) at the airport, his friends_(wait)for him. 10.I _(meet)an old friend _I
24、_(walk)in the street. while while when when when while when was taking when when arrived was waiting met as was walking 5.One of the best players had been injured,and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. 本句是一个并列句,第一个分句是One of the best players had been injured,and后面的部分是第二个分句。句中的be
25、cause of是复合介词短 语,做原因状语。 My brother didnt pass the driving test exam because of his laziness. 由于懒惰,我弟弟没有通过这次驾驶考试。 The sports meeting has been put off because of the bad weather. 由于天气不好,运动会被推迟了。 Mother praised me because of what I had done. 由于我做的事情妈妈表扬了我。 We decided not to climb the mountains because
26、it was raining heavily. 正下着暴雨,所以我们决定不去爬山了。 because是连词,其后接句子;because of 是复合介词,其后接名词、 代词、动词-ing形式、what 从句等,它在句中不能做表语。 练习 ( )1.- Why are you late for school today? - _The heavy traffic. A.Because B. Because of C. Due to the fact that ( )2.I have bad news for you. I cant join in your birthday party_I ha
27、ve too much work to do tomorrow. A.due to B. because of C because ( )3.-You liked the bike so much. Why didnt you buy it? -_it is too expensive. I dont have enough money. A. Due to B. Because of C. Because ( )4. -Why is he so welcomed by others? -_he is polite to everyone. A.Because B. Because of C. Due to B C C A Thank you
