1、Section Using language .核心词汇 1_ n. 试验 2_ n. 手艺；工艺，技艺 3_ adj. 原子能的；核能的 4_ n. 氢 5_ n. (车辆等的)推进力 6_ n. 表扬，赞赏 7_ v. (故意)避开，躲开 8_ n. 聚光灯；媒体的关注 9_ adj. 恶劣的，艰苦的；严峻的 10_ adj. 富裕的，繁荣的 trial craftsmanship atomic hydrogen propulsion acclaim shun spotlight harsh prosperous .重点短语 1_ 反复试验 2_ 退让；认输 3_ (某事物发展的)尖端，最
2、前沿 4_ 不拘一格地思考，跳出框框思考 5_ 开辟新的领域；有新发现 by trial and error back down the cutting edge (of sth.) think outside the box break new ground .重点句型 1Every day Mei watched them as they flew, _ _. 梅兰芳每天看着它们飞来飞去，这有助于他练就对他的艺术 至关重要的富有表现力的眼动。 2_， people have realised the importance of preserving those that remain. 随
3、着许多手工艺已经或者即将永远失传，人们已经意识到保 护那些现存手工艺的重要性。 which helped him to develop the expressive eye movements that were so crucial to his art With many crafts having been, or about to be, lost forever 3In October 1964, China exploded its first atomic bomb, _ a successful start of the “two bombs, one satellite” p
4、roject, in which more than 17,000 scientists and researchers participated. 1964年10月，中国引爆了第一颗原子弹，标志着“两弹一 星”计划的成功开启，这个计划有17,000多名科学家和研究人员参 加。 marking 第一版块第一版块|重点词汇诠释重点词汇诠释 1.contribute v捐献，捐助，捐赠；造成，促成(某事发生)； 撰稿；投稿；发表意见 (1)contribute (.) to. 对贡献；给投稿 contribute to 导致 (2)contribution n. 捐款，捐资；贡献；文稿 make
5、contributions to 对作贡献 His research has contributed enormously to our understanding of this disease. 他的研究对我们认识这一疾病贡献很大。 Students are encouraged to contribute articles to the university magazine. 学生们受到鼓励向大学的杂志投稿。 He made a major contribution to peace in the region. 他对该地区的和平作出了重要贡献。 即学即练 单句语法填空 The _ (
6、contribute) of each individual is essential to the success of the project. Parental involvement contributes significantly _ childrens learning. Alcohol contributes _ 100,000 deaths a year in this country. contribution to to 特别提示：contribute后面的to为介词，后跟名词、代词、动 名词 2.back down退让；认输 I saw that she was rig
7、ht, so I had to back down. 我看出她是正确的，所以我只好放弃原来的主张。 即学即练 单句语法填空 Although he was wrong, he didnt back _. down 词汇拓展： back away后退，撤退，退让，放弃 back into(使)倒进，倒入；退入，倒车撞上 back out不遵守(诺言、合同等)，改变主意 back up后退；倒退回去；倒车；支持 3.keep on继续下去；继续进行 The climbers kept on in the hope of reaching the top with one last effort.
8、登山队员们继续前进，希望最后一鼓作气地到达峰顶。 即学即练 单句语法填空 You just have to keep _ trying. on 词汇拓展： keep up继续下去；坚持下去；(情况)持续；保持 keep up with跟上 keep back扣住；留下；隐瞒不讲 keep out挡住；使不进去 keep to信守；坚持；坚守；不违背(诺言、计划等) keep in mind记住 keep away from使不接近/靠近 keep off避开；不接近 第二版块|重点句型解构 1.(教材P17)Every day Mei watched them as they flew, wh
9、ich helped him to develop the expressive eye movements that were so crucial to his art.梅兰芳每天看着它们飞来飞去，这有助于他练就 对他的艺术至关重要的富有表现力的眼动。 该句中which引导的是非限制性定语从句，which在引导非限 制性定语从句时，在定语从句中通常作主语或宾语，同时从句常 用逗号与主句隔开。 Reading is very important, which we have already known when we were very young. 阅读是很重要的，这一点我们在很小的时候就
10、已经知道了。 特别提示：这里的which不能换成that 即学即练 完成句子 他英语说得很流利，我做不到。 He speaks English very fluently, _. which I cant 2.(教材P18)With many crafts having been, or about to be, lost forever, people have realised the importance of preserving those that remain.随着许多手工艺已经或者即将永远失传，人们已经意 识到保护那些现存手工艺的重要性。 本句中的With many craft
11、s having been, or about to be, lost forever是一个with的复合结构。其构成是with名词动词- ing形 式/介词短语，作状语。 There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them. 一排排白色的房子前面有树。 即学即练 完成句子 你不应该满嘴食物说话。 You shouldnt speak _. 他低着头站在老师面前。 He stood before his teacher _. 她含着眼泪说了声再见。 She said goodbye _. with your mouth ful
12、l with his head down with tears in her eyes 句式拓展：with复合结构的其他形式 (1)with名词/代词形容词 (2)with名词/代词副词 (3)with名词/代词介词短语 (4)with名词/代词动词不定式 (5)with名词/代词分词 You can attend the class with your cellphone powered off.把手机 关机，你就可以进入教室上课。 I wont be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.因为妈 妈病了，我无法去度假。 I cant
13、go out with all these clothes to wash.要洗这些衣服，我无 法出去了。 3(教材P19)In October 1964, China exploded its first atomic bomb, making a successful start of the “two bombs, one satellite” project, in which more than 17,000 scientists and researchers participated. 本句中“making a. project”为现在分词作状语。 作状语的现在分词的逻辑主语是句
14、子的主语，表示时间、原 因、结果、条件、方式或伴随等。现在分词的一般式表示的动作 与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。现在分词的完成式表示的动作 在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。 Having worked for two days, Steve finally managed to finish his report on schedule. 史蒂夫工作了两天，终于按时完成了他的报告。(现在分词短 语作时间状语) I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 我的生活很忙，没有时间坐在那里顾影
15、自怜。(现在分词短语 作伴随状语) Working some jokes into her speech, she grabbed the attention of the audience. 她在演讲中加入了一些笑话，引起了听众的注意。(现在分词 短语作原因状语) Working hard, you will succeed in time.只要努力工作，你早 晚会成功。(现在分词短语作条件状语) A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, killing all four people on boar
16、d. 一架小型飞机撞上了位于城市东边五英里处的一个山坡，机 上的四个人全部遇难。(现在分词短语作结果状语) Please answer the question using another way. 请用另一种方式回答这个问题。(现在分词短语作方式状语) 即学即练 单句语法填空 Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way _ (use) the sun and the stars. The sunlight is white and blinding, _ (throw) long dark shadows on the ground. _ (
17、see) that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed. using throwing Seeing _ (carry) many different viruses, wild animals can potentially infect human beings and should be banned for trade. _ (finish) his homework, he went to bed. Once _ (lose) this chance, you can
18、t easily find one. I arrived at the shop only _ (find) Id left all my money at home. Carrying Having finished losing to find 特别提示：不定式(短语)和现在分词(短语)都可作结果状语， 不定式(短语)用于表示意想不到的结果，现在分词(短语)则表示自 然而然的结果。 佳句写作： Tom took a taxi to the airport, only to find his plane high up in the sky.汤姆乘出租车到了机场，却发现他要坐的飞机已经起飞了
19、。 第三版块第三版块|语法语法表语从句表语从句 新知导引 阅读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性 1The problem is who we can get to take the place of Ted. 2This is how ordinary people feel about it. 3The reason is that you dont trust her. 4He was ill. Thats why he was sent to the hospital. 5Youll feel as if you were at home while here. 共性呈现 1所有画线部分均为
20、表语从句，都放在了系动词之后。 2how, why通常在表语从句中作状语(2、4句)。 3that在表语从句中不作句子成分(3句)。 4as if引导的表语从句，有时用虚拟语气(5句)。 语法精释 一、that引导的表语从句 that用法：无意义 不充当成分 不可省略 The reason for his absence is that he hasnt been informed. 他缺席的原因是他没接到通知。 My suggestion is that we should tell him. 我的建议是我们应该告诉他。 二、whether引导的表语从句 The point is wheth
21、er we should lend him the money. 关键在于我们是否应该借钱给他。 温馨提示：if不能引导表语从句。 三、连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句 The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. 问题是谁能真正适合做这份艰苦的工作。 This is what I am interested in. 这就是我所感兴趣的。 Thats where I first met her. 那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。 四、because, as if/though等引导的表语从句 Its just because he doesn
22、t know her. 这仅仅是因为他不认识她。 Now it seems as though she had known Millie for years. 现在好像她认识米莉已有好多年了似的。 五、why和because引导的表语从句的区别 Thats why. 意为“那是的原因”，强调结果 Thats because. 意为“那是因为”，强调原因 I didnt phone her, and thats why she got angry with me.(强调 “她生气”这一结果) 我没有给她打电话。那就是她对我生气的原因。 I didnt phone her, and thats b
23、ecause I got angry with her.(强调 “生气”这一原因) 我没有给她打电话。那是因为我生她的气了。 六、表语从句中的虚拟语气 在表语从句中，表示命令、要求、请求、建议、决定等，主 句中的主语通常是：advice, suggestion, proposal, request, order等 时，从句谓语形式用“should动词原形”(should可以省略)。 My advice is that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible. 我的建议是你应该尽可能经常地练习说英语。 即学即练 单句
24、语法填空 (1)Another unique human characteristic is _ we walk upright. (2)The truth is _ we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world. (3)This is _ my father has taught me to always face difficulties and hope for the best. (4)A ship i
25、n harbor is safe, but thats not _ ships are built for. that that what what (5)By boat is the only way to get here, which is _ we arrived. (6)One idea is _ sleep helps us strengthen new memories. Thats _ students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning. (7)Grandma pointed to t
26、he hospital and said, “Thats _ I was born.” how that why where .单词拼写 1Many drugs for treating the various diseases were found by t_ and error. 2The carving is an excellent piece of c_. 3A_ energy has been discovered for many years, and so far it has been widely used in industry and in our daily life
27、. trial craftsmanship Atomic 4After the trial he was _ (避开) by friends and family alike. 5We thought the punishment was rather _ (恶劣的) for such a minor offence. 6In a _ (繁荣的) country like this, no one should go hungry. shunned harsh prosperous .用表语从句完成句子 1问题是谁能带领他们脱贫。 The question is _. 2问题是明天我们是否去郊
28、游。 The question is _. 3当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。 At that time, it seemed _. who could lead them to get rid of poverty whether we will go for an outing tomorrow as if I couldnt think of the right word 4我们还没有为这项工作做好准备。这就是为什么我们得不 到其他人支持的原因。 We havent prepared for the work well. This is _. 5问题是我们能找谁去替换她呢。 The problem is _. why we cant get the support of the others who we can get to replace her
