1、原创中考英语总复习之 宾语从句 The Object Clause,制作：邓华 2018.5.3,I know her . 2. I know where she lives .,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语 +,谓语 +,引导词+,(从句)主语,+(从句)谓语,主 句,宾 语 从 句,(复合句),宾语从句的概念： 在复合句中作主句宾语的句子叫宾语从句。,含宾语从句的复合句的句子基本结构： S + V + 引导词 + S + V 主句 宾语从句,一、宾语从句的引导词,1.引导陈述句用从属连词that,2.引导一般疑问句用从属连词 whether, if,3.引导特殊疑问句用连接代词：wh
2、o, whom, whose, which 和连接副词：where, when, why, how ( 包括how much, how many, how long, how soon, how often 等）,一、宾语从句的引导词,1.引导陈述句用从属连词 that,2.引导一般疑问句用从属连词 whether, if,3.引导特殊疑问句用连接代词：who, whom, whose, which 和连接副词：where, when, why, how ( 包括how much, how many, how long, how soon, how often 等）,1、引导陈述句的宾语从句用
3、从属连词 that 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句）,用that引导，由于that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常常省略. I know （that）his house is very beautiful. He told me (that) he didnt pass the exam.,当主句为主系表结构 ( be 动词+形容词,如sorry, sure, afraid, glad 等 )时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也称宾语从句,Im sorry (that) I cant come . Were sure (that) you will
4、get better grades than before . Im afraid (that) you cant catch the train.,2、引导一般疑问句用从属连词if 或 whether 注意：if / whether 译成：“是否”，不能省略！,Jane asked me if /whether she could take a walk with me. Bob wanted to know if /whether there stands a house on the hill.,if与 whether引导宾语从句时用法区别：,1.whether 跟 or not连用,而
5、if则不能跟or not连用. 2.whether用于引导介词后面的宾语从句,而if 则不能. 3.宾语从句在主句前面时，只能用whether引导。 4.在动词不定式前,只能用whether引导而不能用if. 5.if可引导条件状语从句,而whether则不能。 6.whether 用于动词不定式前，if则不能。,e.g. 1. I wander _. （他是否会帮助我们） 2. He asks . (他问你是否能来） 3. _, I dont know.（他是否通过考试，我不清楚。） 4. I dont care about _.（你是否要走） 5. We havent decided .
6、(是否要去购物）,if / whether he will help us,whether you can come or not,Whether he has passed the exam,whether you go,whether to go shopping,3. 引导特殊疑问句的宾语从句用连接代词：what, who, whom, which, whose 或连接副词：when, where, how(以及how much ,how soon 等词组）, why 引导，由于这些引导词在从句中都充当一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略。,Could you please te
7、ll me what time the train leaves ? Did you heard what she said just now ? The old man doesnt remember who I am. He asked me how much money I spent. Please tell me who /whom we have to invite . I dont know where she has gone. I wonder why you were late for class again.,1. 主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时 ， 现在进行时，现在
8、完成时），从句的时态则根 据实际需要决定（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）。,I know you are very clever. He doesnt know we came here few days ago. They are discussing what they should do next. I have heard that he will go abroad next year.,二、宾语从句的时态,2.主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），从句则要使用相对应的过去某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）,We di
9、dnt know who woke up the little boy. I heard he was talking with someone. Bob asked whether we would go to see him. Jane said that she had left for Guiyang . They were discussing who would win.,3.当宾语从句表达的是客观真理，定义， 公理，定理时则一律使用一般现在时态。,Yesterday the teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. L
10、ast year the little boy didnt know 5 plus 3 equals 8.,1. could / would只是表示客气、委婉语气，并非过去式，因此宾语从句的时态要根据实际需要使用不同时态。,Attention:,Could you please tell me where I can deposit my bag? Would you like to know when we will go on a trip ?,2. 当主句的谓语动词是ask时，引导词（连词）不能用that；主句的谓语动词是say时，引导词用that,He says (that) he w
11、ill help you. Tim said (that) he would take good care of my dog . My head teacher asks whether I like my new school . You may ask the police-man how you can get to the police station .,宾语从句中的否定转移,当主句的谓语是动词 think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine 的动词，后接一个表示否定意义的that宾语从句时，其否定词通常转移到主句。,I dont think th
12、at he is a doctor.,I dont imagine that he will come.我想他不会来的。,I dont suppose Ill trouble you again. 我想我不 要再麻烦你了。,I dont expect that he is right.我认为他不对。,宾语从句的语序使用陈述语序 引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分,三、宾语从句的语序,eg . Where do they come from ? I dont know.（合并成含有宾语从句的复合句） I dont know where they come from.,宾语从句考点练习题,考
13、点一： 引导词的运用,1. The boy asked _ he could go out or not. A. what B. that C. whether D. if 2. I dont know _ they did just now. A. how B. what C. who D. which 3. It depends on _ you have time Awhether Bwhich C if Dthat 4 .I really dont know _ book he took away Athat B where C if Dwhich,C,B,A,D,5. I wonde
14、r _ you are laughing at me. A. that B. how C. why D. when 6. Have you found out _ we can do it? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 7. Lucy said _ she had met her friend . A. that B. if C. when D. where 8. I dont know _he will leave here . A. how many B. how much C. how long D. how soon,C,B,A,D,考点二： 宾语从
15、句的语序,1. Could you tell me _ ? A. how I could get to the airport B. how can I get to the airport C. how I can get to the airport D. where is the airport 2. Do you know _. A. what does she look like B. how she looks like C. what she looks like D. what she does look like 3. My teacher asked me _ . A. w
16、hen I arrived B. how did I arrived C. when did I arrived D. where I lived in,C,A,C,4. Could you tell me how much _to fly to Shanghai ? A . do it cost B. does it cost C . it cost D. it costs 6. The boy doesnt remember _. A . where is his football B . what is his football C . where his football is D.
17、where his football is in,C,D,7. Tom, someone is knocking at the door. Go and see _. A. who is it B. who it is C. who he is D. who is he 8. Could you please tell me how long _? A. you have bought the car B. have you bought the car C. you have had the car D. have you had the car,C,B,考点三： 宾语从句的时态,1. He
18、 asked . (谁能帮帮他） 2. I dont know . （他们在找什么） 3. The teacher asked .（谁想去贵阳） 4. Please tell me . （他们什么时候到） 5. He taught me how to play the game. (同义句) 6. Could you tell me ?(你什么时候能回来) 7. Do you like to make friends with Bob ? He asked.（合并为一句）,who could give him a hand,what they are looking for,who was g
19、oing to Guiyang,when they will arrive,He taught me how I could play the game.,when you can come back,He asked if you liked to make friends with Bob.,8.What will they do? Could you tell me.（合并为一句）,Could you tell me what they will do.,完成句子,用所给单词的正确形式填空： 1. I really didnt know when he _（come）here . 2.
20、Yesterday Mr. Li told me that light _ (travel) faster than sound. 3. Could you tell me if the plane_ (take) off already? 4. Mr. Li told me he _ (be) to America twice. 5. Can you tell us how you _ (do) it yesterday?,came,travels,has taken,had been,did,单项选择： 1.Yesterday ,Tom asked his mom if Teachers Day _ on September 10 Awas Bis Cwill be Dhas been 2.When I was five years old, I knew that the earth _round the sun. A goes B go C went D will go 3. I would like to tell Tom that he _the exam Apass B had passed Chas passed D will pass 4. -Could you tell me_? -He _ to the zoo. A where is Bob，
