1、1- Unit Unit 1 PEOPLE 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENTOF ACHIEVEMENT A scientist honoured for inspirational pursuits Chinas scientific community should study the patriotism, self-sacrifice and modesty of submarine designer Huang Xuhua,along with his endless pursuit of truth to contribute to China and the wor
2、ld,the nations top science and engineering academies said. Huang,94,the chief designer of Chinas first nuclear submarine,received the Medal of the Republic.His loyalty to the cause of the Party and the people,his devotion to hard work for decades in the fields where the Party and the people needed h
3、im most,and his readiness to make huge sacrifices in the ordinary post without pursuing fame or self-interest were highlighted.He shows us with his actions that greatness comes out of the ordinary,and that ordinary people can have an extraordinary life and produce extraordinary achievements if they
4、stick to firm objectives and work tirelessly. Huang shared his story about building Chinas first nuclear submarine from scratch. “Foreign countries are extremely protective of nuclear submarine technologies,so nobody could help us,” he said.“We were completely on our own.” Drawing inspiration from n
5、ews coverage,scientific journals and even toy models,Huang and his team managed to work out a basic understanding of the sub,but building one remained a great challenge. “We had no computers,so all calculations were done by hand and abacus,and we used platform scales to weigh and test the centre of
6、gravity,” he said. For more than three decades,Huangs work remained top secret.In December 1970,China launched Long March 1becoming the fifth nation to have a nuclear submarine. In 1988,Huang dived the sub to maximum depth to test its limit,a task so dangerous that many crew members wrote farewell l
7、etters to their families to be delivered in the event of their deaths. Zhang Jinfeng,a researcher from China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation and a student of Huangs,said he still recalls the “extremely painful” experience of diving to the submarines limit,and how “calm and collected” Huang remaine
8、d during the experience. “After working with Huang for 30 years,his diligent work ethic and modest way of life still encourage us to this day,”Zhang said.“Despite his old age,he still comes to the office every day, and serves as an adviser on many projects.” 词海拾贝 patriotism n.爱国主义 self-sacrifice n.自
9、我牺牲 modesty n.谦虚 submarine n.潜艇 loyalty n.忠诚 extraordinary adj.非凡的 calculation n.计算 platform scales台秤 diligent adj.勤奋的 典句欣赏 Despite his old age,he still comes to the office every day,and serves as an adviser on many projects. 译文:尽管年事已高,他仍然每天来办公室,担任许多项目的顾问。 分析:此句为despite后接名词作让步状语,主句中的短语comes to the o
10、ffice every day与serves as an adviser on many projects为顺承关系, 用and连接。 探究思辨 1.What qualities can we learn from Huang Xuhua? 2.What can we infer from the story shared by Huang? 答案1.Patriotism,self-sacrifice,modesty,loyalty,diligence,along with his endless pursuit of truth. 2.Whatever difficulties we Chi
11、nese encounter,we try our best to make our country stronger by ourselves. -11- SectionSection A A ReadingReading andand ThinkingThinking .知识体系图解 重点词汇 1. n.生理学;生理机能 2. adj.至关重要的;关键性的 3. adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的 4. vt.承诺;保证(某个人、机构等) vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等) 5. adj.学业的;学术的 6. n.目标;目的 adj.客观的 7. adj.植物学的 8. vt
12、.评价;评估 9. n.性质;特征;财产 physiology crucial vital commit academic objective botanical evaluate property 10. adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的 11. vt.煮开;烧开 n.沸腾;沸点 12. n.液体 adj.液体的;液态的 13. vt.(尤指经努力)获得;赢得vi.(规章、习俗等)存在;流行 14. vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢 15. n.失败;挫败 vt.击败;战胜 16. vt.分析 17. adv.显而易见;看来;显然 18. n.物质;物品;事实根据 19. vi.坚决
13、要求 20. adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的 21. adv.主要地;一般地 distinct boil liquid obtain acknowledge defeat analyse apparently substance insist scientific mostly 重点短语 1.make a discovery 2.lead to 3.die from 4.graduate from 5.in the fight against 6.by chance 7.draw out 8.insist on 9.be tested on 10.according to 做出发现 导致;通
14、向 死于 从毕业 在和的战斗中 偶然 提炼出 坚决要求 在上做试验 按照;根据所说 重点句式 1.Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered. 2.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine.” .释义匹配 1.distinct A.failure to win or succeed 2.evaluate B.relating to plants or
15、the scientific study of plants 3.botanical C.clearly different or belonging to a different type 4.analyse D.to judge how good,useful,or successful something is 5.defeat E.to examine or think about something carefully,in order to understand it 答案1.C 2.D 3.B 4.E 5.A .阅读导学 根据pp23课文内容,选择正确答案。 1.Which of
16、 the following is not included in the passage? A.Tu Youyous family life. B.What Tu Youyou was awarded. C.Why artemisinin is an important discovery. D.Tu Youyous road to discovering artemisinin. 答案A 2.What was the key to getting a good extract from the wormwood? A.Using a higher temperature. B.Using
17、a lower temperature. C.Boiling the wormwood. D.Putting the wormwood into powder. 3.How is the passage organized? A.In order of time. B.In order of space. C.In order of importance. D.In order of location. 答案B 答案A 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 1.Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,and is
18、 thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. 青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分,仅在非洲一年就可以挽救 10万人的生命。 【词汇精讲】vital adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的 Reading is of vital importance in language learning. 阅读在语言学习中至关重要。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【词汇拓展】 be vital for/to sth 对极为重要 It is vitalthat.(should) do sth 做是十分重要的 It is vital to do
19、 sth 做某事是极为重要的 These measures are vital to national security. 这些措施对国家安全很重要。 It is vital that we (should)help children set correct moral values. 我们帮助孩子树立正确的道德价值观是至关重要的。 Skillful employees are vital to/for the success of any company. 熟练的雇员对任何公司的成功都极为重要。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 2.Tu Youyou,a comm
20、itted and patient scientist,was born in Ningbo,China,on 30 December 1930,and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. 屠呦呦,一位忠于职守、有耐心的科学家,1930年12月30日出生于 中国宁波,1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。 【词汇精讲】committed adj. 尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的 Tom is a committed member of our football team. 汤姆是我们足球队忠于职守的队员。 重点词汇 重点句式
21、随堂练习 【词汇拓展】 commit.承诺;保证(某个人、机构等) .忠于;全 心全意投入(工作、活动等) commit sb/oneself to sth/to doing sth 承诺,保证 (做某事、遵守协议或安排等) commit sb/oneself to do 承诺;保证(做某事、遵守 协议或安排等) be committed to sth 献身于;忠诚于 commit to sb/sth 忠于;全心全意投入 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 I have committed myself and cannot draw back. 我已经做了承诺,无法反悔。 He committed
22、 himself to the cause of education. 他投身于教育事业。 China is committed to peace,development and cooperation in international affairs. 中国在国际事务中一贯致力于和平、发展与合作。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 3.Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts,and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties. 她的团队查阅了2,00
23、0多份旧的医学文献,并对28万株植物的医学 特性进行了评估。 【词汇精讲】evaluate vt.评价;评估 Our research attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of the different drugs. 我们的研究试图评估不同药物的有效性。 It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 人们普遍认为应该从综合素质的角度来评价学生。 【词汇拓展】 evaluation n.评估 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习
24、重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 4.They then tried boiling fresh wormwood,and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria,but this did not work either. 然后,他们尝试煮沸新鲜的青蒿,并使用从青蒿中获得的液体来治 疗疟疾,但这也不起作用。 【词汇精讲】obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得;赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在;流行 I havent been able to obtain that record anywhere. 我到处都没买到那张唱片。 The
25、custom still obtains in some districts. 这种风俗在许多地方仍然流行。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【词汇拓展】 Further information can be obtained from the head office. 可以从总公司获得进一步的信息。 The results are obtained through repeated experiments. 结果是通过反复试验获得的。 obtain sthfrom sb/sth 从某人/某物获得某物 obtain sth through 通过获得 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句
26、式 随堂练习 5.However,Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. 然而,屠呦呦不承认失败。 【词汇精讲1】acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢 He was acknowledged for his long service with the company. 他因在公司服务多年而受到了感谢。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【词汇拓展】 She is usually acknowledged to be one of the best artists. 她是公认的最好的艺术家之一。 It is widely ackno
27、wledged that the film is instructive and full of emotion. 大家普遍认为这部电影具有教育意义,并且充满情感。 【温馨提示】acknowledge表示“承认做了某事”,其后可接动词-ing 形式,也可接that从句,但通常不接不定式。acknowledge后虽不能接 不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾补。 acknowledge sth/sb to be/as.承认某事/某人是/为 acknowledge doing sth 承认做了某事 It is widely acknowledgedthat.人们普遍认为;大家公认 重点词汇 重点句式 随
28、堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【词汇精讲2】defeat n.失败;挫败 vt.击败;战胜 It was the last question on the paper that defeated me. 考卷上的最后一道题把我难住了。 In victory and defeat,the Olympics are a platform for personal and national glory. 胜利和失败,奥林匹克就是实现个人和国家荣誉的舞台。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【易混辨析】 beat/defeat与win Our basketball team beat Class
29、Three last week. 我们班的篮球队上周战胜了三班。 By her hard work,she won herself a place in the school team. 在刻苦训练下,她在校队里赢得了一席之地。 单词 区别 beat,defeat 都表示在战斗中或竞赛中“战胜、打败(对手)”,后接竞争 对手,可以互换 win 战胜、赢得;其宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品或表示尊 重、崇拜之类意义的词。竞争对手不能作其宾语 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 6.Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on
30、testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. 屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持要在自己身上测试这种药,以确保 它的安全性。 【词汇精讲】 insist vi.坚决要求,通常和介词on连用,后接 动词时要用动词-ing形式。 She insisted on going to the cinema alone. 她坚持自己去看电影。 My friend insisted on my going to her birthday party. 我的朋友坚持让我参加她的生日聚会。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【词汇拓展】
31、 (1)表示“坚持认为,坚持说”,后跟宾语从句用陈述语气; (2)表示“坚决要求,坚决主张”,后跟宾语从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词 要用“(should+)动词原形”,should可以省略。 The woman insists that her husband is an honest man and cant do it. 那位女士坚持说她丈夫是个诚实的人,不会做那件事情的。 We insisted that he (should) finish the work himself. 我们坚持让他自己完成这项工作。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 1.Later,the
32、 medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered. 后来,用这种药物在疟疾患者身上做试验,大部分患者都康复了。 【句式剖析】本句是一个含有非限制性定语从句的复合句。主句 是the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered是“不定代词+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句。“不定代词 /数词/名词+ of + 关系代词”引导的定语从句在关系分句中作主语, 说明整体中的一部分。 She has written many articles,som
33、e of which are intended for students poor in English. 她写了许多文章,一些是专为英语差的学生写的。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【温馨提示】在“不定代词/数词/名词+of+关系代词”这个结构中, 当先行词指人时,关系代词用whom;先行词指物时,用which。 The newly-built caf,the walls of which are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,specially after hard work.新建的咖啡馆, 墙粉刷了淡淡的绿色,
34、对我们来说真的是一个安宁的地方,尤其是 在劳累的工作后。 Her sons,both of whom work abroad,ring her up every week. 她的两个儿子,都在国外工作,他们每周都给她打电话。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 2.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine.” 当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说,“荣誉不只是属于我自己的。” 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练
35、习 【句式剖析】在本句中,she said,.是主句, that引导的句子作 hearing的宾语。Upon hearing.是“upon+动词-ing形式”构成介词短 语,在句中作时间状语。upon还可换为介词on,表示一件事情紧接 着另一件事情发生。这种用法常见于正式文体中,根据语境,可翻 译为“当时;一就”。 Upon graduating from college,he first worked as a teacher,and then in a government office. 他一毕业,先当了老师,后来在政府部门工作。 Upon hearing that he had won
36、 the lottery,the man laughed heartily. 当知道自己中彩票时,这个男人开怀大笑。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【句式拓展】 有时也可用“upon/on+名词”形式表达相同的意思。 On his return from his vacation,he began writing his first novel. 他休假回来后,就开始写他的第一部小说。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 .课文语法填空 In October 2015,Tu Youyou,a 1. (commit) and patient
37、scientist,was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for her discovery of artemisinin which has saved hundreds of thousands of lives. committed 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 Tu Youyou was born in Ningbo,China,on 30 December 1930.She was among the first researchers 2. (choose) to study a new treatment f
38、or malaria.After examining over 2,000 ancient Chinese medical texts and 3. (evaluate)280,000 plants for their medical 4. (property),she and her team found a medical text suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.However,they 5. (encounter)many difficulties when drawing out the
39、 extract.After failing more than 190 times,they 6. (final) succeeded in 1971.To make sure the medicine was safe,they tested it on themselves first and then on malaria patients,most of 7. recovered.The medicine called artemisinin soon became a standard treatment for malaria. chosen evaluating propert
40、ies encountered finally whom 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 According 8. Tu Youyou,the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort.She thinks that her success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine and its 9. honour for Chinas scientific research and Chinese medicine 10. (spread) around the world. to
41、 an to be spread 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 .概要写作 (根据教材语篇内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要) 参考范文 Born in 1930,Tu Youyou graduated from university in 1955.(要点 1)After graduation,she joined a team of scientists to discover a new treatment for malaria.(要点2)She and her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts and after repeated experiments,they finally found artemisinin,which has saved hundreds of thousands of lives worldwide.(要点3)For this,Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2015.(要点4)
