1、Period 3 Using language 学案设计 学习目标 1.Students can understand the forms, meanings and pragmatic functions of -ing as adverbial and use them correctly in specific contexts. 2.Students can use appropriate theme words and expressions to describe different types of TV programs. 3.Students can think about
2、the differences between the Western and Eastern cultures. Understand and appreciate the Western and Eastern cultural activities. 课堂探究 Step 1:Lead-in Activity 1 1.Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. a.Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play
3、 many times,I was full of confidenceuntil the Peking Opera came to town! b.seeing the main characters come on stage,I was surprised! (1)In sentence (a),who had seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times?In sentence (b),who saw the main characters come on stage? (2)Is this st
4、ructure used more often in spoken or written English? 2.Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions. c.Since I had seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times,I was full of confidenceuntil the Peking Opera came to town! d.when I saw the main characters
5、come on stage,I was surprised! (3)What is the difference between the two groups of sentences? (4)Why does the author choose to use sentences (a) and (b) in the reading passage? 3.Now look for more sentences with this structure in the reading passage. Step 2:Explanation of -ing as adverbial 一、现在分词的基本
6、形式 1.现在分词的一般式,即 doing。 表示分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时或几乎同时发生。 Seeing the fountain,I couldnt help thinking of my last visit to the park. 看见这个喷泉,我不禁想起了我上次来这个公园的情形。 2.现在分词的完成式,即 having done。 表示分词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。 Having returned from a long bike ride,I was tired and bathed in sweat. 骑自行车跑了很长一段路返回后,我身体疲惫,汗流浃背。 3.现在分词
7、的否定式,在其前加 not。 Not having received the helmet and boot,I telephoned the seller. 由于没有收到头盔和靴子,我给卖家打了电话。 4.现在分词的被动式 being done 表示与谓语动词的动作同时发生的被动动作;having been done 表示发生在谓语 动词的动作之前的被动动作。 Being repaired,the car isnt available now. 汽车正在被修理,现在用不了。 Having been given such a good chance,how could she let it s
8、lip? 人家给了她这样一个好机会,她怎能轻易放过? 二、现在分词作状语的基本用法 现在分词作状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随等,且可以转换成相 应的状语从句或并列句中的一个分句。 1.表示时间 现在分词作时间状语,相当于 when,while,after 等引导的时间状语从句。 Seeing the old photos,I remembered my adolescence. =When I saw the old photos,I remembered my adolescence. 看到这些老照片时,我想起了我的青春期。 Having collected some v
9、olcanic samples,they made their way back to the camp. =When they had collected some volcanic samples,they made their way back to the camp. 收集了一些火山样品后,他们开始返回营地。 2.表示原因 现在分词作原因状语,一般位于句首,相当于 as,since,because 等引导的原因状语从句。 Having been threatened by a robber,he dared not go to the police. =As he had been t
10、hreatened by a robber,he dared not go to the police. 由于受到强盗的威胁,他不敢报警。 3.表示条件 现在分词作条件状语,一般位于句首,相当于 if,unless 等引导的条件状语从句。 Keeping on working hard,youll absolutely pass the examination. =If you keep on working hard,youll absolutely pass the examination. 你如果继续努力学习,就绝对会通过考试。 试比较:Keep on working hard,and
11、youll absolutely pass the examination.(“祈使句+and+陈 述句”,其中祈使句表示条件) 4.表示让步 现在分词作让步状语,相当于 though,even if 等引导的让步状语从句。 Having failed many times,I still have faith in my future. =Though I have failed many times,I still have faith in my future. 尽管失败多次,我仍然对未来充满信心。 5.表示结果 现在分词作结果状语,表示必然的结果。 它常常位于句末,可与句子一起转换成一
12、个含有并 列谓语的简单句。 It rained heavily,causing severe flooding in that country. =It rained heavily and caused severe flooding in that country. 大雨滂沱,造成了那个国家严重的水灾。 6.表示方式或伴随 现在分词作方式或伴随状语,分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生。表示伴随或方式的 现在分词(短语)可与句子一起转换成 and 连接的并列成分。 My father sat in the armchair,glancing through a newspaper. =My
13、father sat in the armchair,and glanced through a newspaper. 我父亲坐在扶手椅上浏览报纸。 三、现在分词作状语的其他情况 1.现在分词作状语时,可以根据意义在其前加上相应的连词(词 组)when,while,since,until,once,though,although,as long as,so long as,unless,as if,as though,even if,even though 等,表示更加明确的含义。有时这类结构也可视作状语从句的省略。 When crossing the street,do be careful
14、. 过马路时务必要小心。 Dont evaluate childrens marks while having dinner. 吃饭时不要评价孩子们的分数。 Once losing this chance,you cant easily find it back. 一旦失去这次机会,你就很难找回。 As long as going into the reading room,you should keep quiet. 只要进入阅览室,你就应保持安静。 He paused as if expecting Mary to speak. 他停了停,仿佛在期待玛丽说话。 2.有少数现在分词(短语)并
15、不表示句子主语的动作,而是表示说话人的态度,称为分词的独 立成分。常用的这类独立成分有: generally speaking 一般说来 frankly speaking 坦白地说 honestly speaking 诚实地说 strictly speaking 严格地说 judging from/by. 由判断 talking of. 谈到 3.现在分词作状语时,其逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致,否则,分词应有自己的逻辑主 语,构成分词的独立主格结构。 The meeting having been over,we all left the room and drove home. 会议结束
16、后,我们都离开房间开车回家了。 Weather permitting,well go out for an outing. 如果天气允许,我们会去远足。 Step 3:Practice Activity 2 Complete the journal entry with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Friday 15,May Today I performed in the school play.I did a good job!1. (see) all my family and friends in the audience ap
17、plaud for me,I 2. (feel) so confident and grateful. At first,I hadnt realised how much work it would be.The teacher was very strict,3. (make)me so nervous that I would forget my lines.I often stayed up late at night 4. (practise) my part. 5. (feel) extremely discouraged,I almost gave up.But thanks t
18、o the support of my teacher,parents and friends,I overcame my fears,6. (know) that I did the best I could. Its an unforgettable experience.No pain,no gain,as the saying goes. Activity 3 Rewrite the paragraph using the -ing form. I went to watch the ballet The Peony Pavilion last night.Because I thou
19、ght ballet was more or less the same everywhere,I was totally unprepared for its unique beauty.As soon as the curtain rose,I was absorbed.The performance borrowed a lot from Chinese dance and music,so the Eastern influence on the ballet was clear.The production was full of colours and romantic symbo
20、ls,and challenged my senses in new ways.I enjoyed it so much that its changed my opinion about ballet.I cant wait to go again! Step 4:Types of TV programme Activity 4 Look at the pictures on page 42 and answer the questions. 1.What do you know about these types of TV programme? 2.Can you think of so
21、me examples of each type? Activity 5 Read and match the descriptions to the types of TV programme in Activity 4.Underline the words and expressions describing them. Activity 6 Work in pairs.Talk about your favourite TV programme using the words and expressions you have learnt. A:Whats your favourite
22、 TV programme? B:My favourite TV programme is.Its a. A:Why do you like it? . Using the -ing form to make sentences. 课后练习 .单句语法填空 1.Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, (turn) the old town into a dreamland. 2.Tony lent me the money, (hope) that I would do as much for him. 3. (stand) in a long
23、 queue,we waited for the store to open to buy a new IPad. 4. (gather) around the fire,the tourists danced with the local people. 5.Not (see) by anyone,the thief escaped. .用-ing 形式改写下列句子 1.The man who is speaking to the teacher is his father. The man the teacher is his father. 2.While he was waiting
24、for the bus,he read a copy of China Daily. While ,he read a copy of China Daily. 3.Her mother died in 1990,and left her with her younger brother. Her mother died in 1990, with her younger brother. 4.If you use your head,you will find a way. ,you will find a way. .补全句子 1.因为不知道如何解这道物理难题,他求助老师。 the dif
25、ficult physics problem,he asked the teacher for help. 2.如果转向左边,你将找到通向公园的小道。 ,you will find the path leading to the park. 3.虽然那块石头重将近一百斤,他一个人就把它挪动了。 jin,the stone was moved by him alone. 4.他们的车遇上交通阻塞,因而耽误了。 Their car was caught in a traffic jam,thus . 5.那些孩子们跑出房间,愉快地笑着、说着。 The children ran out of the
26、 room, merrily. 参考答案 课堂探究 Activity 1:1.(1)I.;I. (2)In written English. 2.(3)The first group uses the present participle as adverbial while the second group uses adverbial clauses. (4)The sentences from the reading passage are more concise and formal. 3.Dating back to the 18th century,Peking Opera ha
27、s over two hundred years of history. Starting with an orchestra playing traditional Chinese instruments,the opera brought a completely new sound to my Western ears. Using such techniques,the opera had transformed a small stage into the whole universe. Feeling the strong emotions of love,anger,fear a
28、nd grief in the performance,I could easily recognise the theme of Hamlet. Activity 2:1.Seeing;2.felt;3.making;4.to practise;5.Feeling;6.knowing Activity 3:I went to watch the ballet The Peony Pavilion last night.Having thought ballet was more or less the same everywhere,I was totally unprepared for
29、its unique beauty.As soon as the curtain rose,I was absorbed.Borrowing a lot from Chinese dance and music,the Eastern influence on the ballet was clear.The production was full of colours and romantic symbols,challenging my senses in new ways.Enjoying it so much,I have changed my opinion about ballet
30、.I cant wait to go again! Activity 4:1.略 2.reality show:a television programme that does not use professional actors but shows real events and situations involving ordinary people. costume drama:a play,TV programme,or film that is about a particular time in history,in which people wear costumes from
31、 that time. soap opera:a television or radio story about the daily lives and the relationships of the same group of people,which is broadcast regularly. sitcom:a funny television programme in which the same characters appear in different situations each week. Activity 5:1c,2e,3d,4a,5b,6f 1.I absolut
32、ely loved last nights episode of Best Singer! It was very exciting and totally unforgettable. Each of the contestants put on a wonderful performancethey all really wanted to win! The final winner was so talented. 2.The Real Lives of Leopardswhat an amazing programme! Leopards are such appealing crea
33、tures.Incredible photography of them in the wild. Highly recommended! 3.I used to love A Good Laugh and I watched it every week. It was so popular,but now its got really boring. The jokes arent funny at all. What a waste of time! 4.Monkey King:Hero is Back is my favourite! The Monkey King is really
34、cool,and definitely a hero to me! I also enjoy the creative plot and settings. The writers and artists have such great imaginations. Im thrilled to see Chinese culture presented in such an amazing and magical way. 5.I like to know whats going on in the world first thing in the morning,so I never mis
35、s this programme! It has all the headlines and market information you could possibly need. And theres a handy traffic report,too! 6.I watched Talk King last night,but I didnt like it. What a rude person the host was! He hardly let his guests say a word! Its a wonder they didnt walk out of the studio. Activity 6:略 课后练习 .1.turning;2.hoping;3.Standing;4.Gathering; 5.being seen . 1.speaking to;2.waiting for the bus;3.leaving her;4.Using your head . 1.Not knowing how to work out;2.Turning to the left;3.Weighing almost one hundred;4.causing the delay;5.laughing and talking
