1、秋季初三英语讲义秋季初三英语讲义 本节课题 Unit 6 When was it invented? 学习目标 1. 掌握本单元重点短语和句型，谈论变化。 2. 一般过去时的被动语态 重点与难点 被动语态 一、本堂内容一、本堂内容 一、一、 根据句意，首字母或汉语提示写单词根据句意，首字母或汉语提示写单词 1. The _(discover) of oil on their land made the family rich. 2. The light bulb is one of Edisons _(invent). 3 We had a_(please) evening at Susans
2、 home. 4. A chef _(call) George Crum invented potato chips. 5. _(sudden), she cried. 6. The apple is _ (酸的). I dont like it. 7. Please_(not mention)the fact, I really dont want to talk about it. 8. She is a good _(translate). 9. There are many _ (顾客) in the shopping center. 10. Many war _ (英雄) are h
3、onoured in the memorial hall. 11. The soup is too _ (咸的). I cant stand it. 12. _ Games of 2016 took place in Brazil. (奥林匹克运动会) 13. I dont like this kind of potato chips because they are not _enough. （脆的） 14. Her mother is Chinese and her father is _ (加拿大人). 二、重点短语二、重点短语 1.the popularity of. _ 2.be u
4、sed for _ 3.think of/about_ 4.fall into _ 5.daily life _ 6.have a point_ 7.by accident_ 8.even though _ 9.take place _ 10.without doubt_ 11. advise sb. to do sth. _ 12.take photos_ 13. _ the end 在最后 14. _ mistake 错误地；无意中 15. _ fun 为了娱乐、消遣 16. more _多于 17. look _ to 钦佩；仰慕 18. divide._把分开 19. dream _梦
5、想 20. stop._阻止某人干某事 21. not only._ _.不但而且 22. _ accident 偶然；意外地 三、重点知识点三、重点知识点 1. I think the TV was invented before the car. 我认为电视机先于汽车被发明。我认为电视机先于汽车被发明。 invent v. 发明n. _发明家n. _发明 E.g. Edison , a great _, _over 1000_ all his life. (invent) 辨析：辨析：invent/discover/find/find out invent 发明 发明的东西是从前没有的 W
6、ho invented the steam engine? discover 发现 发现的事物是本来存在的或是有人知道的 Columbus discovered America. find 找到 指寻找的结果。是非延续性动词 I am looking for my bike, but I may not find it. find out 找出、查 明 指经过观察、调查把某事、某物查出来， 搞清楚，弄明白 When he was a child, he liked to find out how things worked. 【例题 1-1】The mobile phone has influ
7、enced peoples life a lot since it _. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 2. The pioneers of different inventions were listed there 不同发明的先不同发明的先驱被列在那里。驱被列在那里。 list v. _ n. _ make a list of . _ 【例题 2】_(list)what you want to buy before going shopping is a good habit. 3. It is said tha
8、t a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong first discovered tea as a drink. 据说中国一位叫作神农的统治者 是第一个发现茶可以作为一种饮料的人。 【解析1】It is said that. _ 【拓展】It is +动词过去分词+ that 从句. 句型归纳： It is believed that . _ It is known that. _ It is reported that . _ It is supposed that . _ 【解析 2】called=named _ a boy called Tom_ 【拓展】call
9、the police 报警 【例题 3-1】The boy _ (name) Tom is Mr. Smiths son. 【例题 3-2】Yaxi, a quiet village in Ganchun, _Chinas first Slow City in November 2011. A. names B. named C. is named D. was named 4. One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire. 一天一天，神农在室外的火堆上烧饮用水。神农在室外的火堆上烧饮用水。 【解析1】boil
10、v. _ boiling adj. _ （形容水或者其他液体目前正在沸腾的状态） boiled adj. _ （形容水或者其他液体曾经被煮开过的状态） 【例题4-1】He often drinks two cups of _ water when he comes back. A. boiling B. boil C. boiled D. boils 【解析 2】over (1) 在 上面 over the table (2) 遍及 all over the world (3) 多余，超过 =more than over 20 books (4) 跨越 a bridge over the ri
11、ver (5) 在那边 over there 【拓展】above /over /on 表在之上的区别 (1)above 只表示在上方或位置高出，与 below在的下面相对； (2)over 指在正上方，与 under 相对； (3)on 在的上面，表面相互接触。 【over 构成的短语】 go over 复习 think over 仔细考虑 over and over again 一次又一次的 【例题 4-2】 How many new desks and chairs are there in your school this year? There are over 3,000. Each
12、 of us has one. A. less than B. most C. more than D. as many as 【例题 4-3】Again and again the doctor _ the crying baby girl, but he couldnt find out what was wrong with her. A. looked over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked out 5. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained ther
13、e for some time. 茶树的一些叶子掉进了水里，并在那儿停留了一会儿。茶树的一些叶子掉进了水里，并在那儿停留了一会儿。 【解析 1】fall down _ fall asleep _ fall behind _ fall in love with sb. _ 【例题 5-1】Its not easy for Linda to _ last night, because she was too excited. A. go to bed B. fall asleep C. fall into D. fall over 【解析 2】remaind v._（系动词+adj. ） rema
14、in + adj./ n./ to do sth. 6. It was quite delicious. In this way, one of the worlds favorite drinks was invented. 它真的很香它真的很香，就这样，世界上最受喜爱的饮料之一被发明了。，就这样，世界上最受喜爱的饮料之一被发明了。 【解析】one of +名词/代词复数 .之一 【拓展】one of + the +adj.最高级 +n.复数 ， 做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 【例题 6】The safety of food has become one of the _ probl
15、ems in our daily life. A. more expensive B. more important C. most expensive D. most important 7. In England, tea didnt appear until around 1660, but less than 100 years later, it had become the national drink. 【解析 1】not until _(谓语动词可用瞬间动词) 【拓展】until _ (谓语动词只能用延续性动词) 【例题 7-1】Usually, we dont know ho
16、w important something is _ we lost it. A. or B. until C. as soon as 【例题 7-2】If you have trouble pronouncing these words, you can repeat them over and over again _ you are comfortable with them. A. unless B. if C. until D. while 8. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th
17、century. 茶贸易从中国传到西方国家发生在19世纪。 【解析】take place _ 无被动语态, 指事情有计划有安排地发生 【辨析】happen/ take place happen v 发生没有被动语态 ，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性 a. sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上 b. sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 c. It happened that碰巧 take place 发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生 【例题 8-1】Can you tell me what happened him just now? A. with B
18、. for C. to D. at 【例题 8-2She happened _ (be) out when we called. 【例题 8-3】The Olympic Games of 2016 will _ in Brazil. A. take after B. take off C. take place D. take away 9. They sold the fridge was sold at a low price.他们以低价出售了冰箱。他们以低价出售了冰箱。 【解析】at a low price _ 询问价格的句型是What is the price of +名词？=How
19、much is/ are +名词？。 【拓展】price n. _，用形容词 low 或 high 来修饰价格，通常与介词 at 连用。 【例题 9】The price of the sweater is very _. I cant afford it. A. expensive B. cheap C. high D. low 10. salty （adj.）咸的咸的 【解析【解析 1】salt n “盐；食盐盐；食盐”salty adj. 咸的咸的 I put lots of _ on them so they were really _ (salt) 【拓展】【拓展】 n +y = ad
20、j. sun sunny cloud cloudy wind windy rain rainy snow snowy sleep sleepy fun funny health healthy Eg. She likes _ cookies. They are dry and easily broken. A. salty B. sweet C. sour D. crispy n+ ful = adj. use useful help helpful care careful success successful color colorful n + ly =adj. friend frien
21、dly love lovely 【例题 10-1】Mrs. Smith has a cute baby. He often smiles at people _. A. friendly B. lovely C. happily D. lively 【例题 10-2】I want a sweet milk. Put some _ in my cup, please. A. ice B. soup C. salt D. sugar 11. Potato chips were invented by mistake. 【解析】【解析】by mistake 错误地；无意中错误地；无意中 Eg. He
22、 took my English-Chinese dictionary _ mistake. A. to B. by C. about D. on 【拓展】【拓展】mistake mistook mistaken v 错误错误 make mistakes 犯错犯错 make mistakes in 在某方面犯错在某方面犯错 【巧记】【巧记】 Yesterday I _（犯错了）and said hello to Mr. Wang _(错误地). 12.George wanted to make the customer happy. 【解析【解析 1】 ：】 ：want v 想要想要 = wo
23、uld like want to do sth = would like to do sth =feel like doing 想要做某事想要做某事 want sb. to do sth= would like to do sth 想要某人做某事想要某人做某事 【解析【解析2】make sb/sth + adj. 使某人、某物处于某种状态使某人、某物处于某种状态 make sb do sth_ 【例题12】 Im very tired these days because of the senior high school entrance examination（中考）. Why not_m
24、usic? It can make you _. A. listen to; relaxed B. to listen to; relaxed C. listen to; relaxing D. to listen to; to relax 13. It is over 100 years old and is played by more than 100 million people in over 200 countries. 【解析【解析 1】million n 百万百万 millions of 成百万的成百万的 复习：复习：(1) 当当 million 前面有具体的数字时，用单数形式
25、前面有具体的数字时，用单数形式 (2) 当当 million 后与后与 of 连用时用复数形式，连用时用复数形式， millions of 是数百万的意思，前面不能加数词是数百万的意思，前面不能加数词 【口诀】 ：具体的不加【口诀】 ：具体的不加 s 也不加也不加 of，不具体的加，不具体的加 s 也加也加 of 【巧记】【巧记】Three million workers have planted millions of trees 【拓展】【拓展】 hundred n 百百 hundreds of 数以百的数以百的 thousand n 千千 thousands of 成千上万的成千上万的
26、Eg. The number of the cars in our neighborhood is about eight _, and _ of them are new cars. A. hundred; two third B. hundred; two thirds C. hundreds; two thirds D. hundreds; two third Food Safety has become one of the hottest topics recently. Yeah, it receives _ Internet hits(点击) a day. A. thousand
27、s B. thousand of C. thousands of D. ten thousands 14. When he was at college, his teacher asked the class to think of a game that can be played in the winter. 【解析】情态动词【解析】情态动词+be+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 Eg. Food safety is very important. So some rules _to stop people from polluting food. A. must make B. must
28、 be made C. must made D. be made 1. Dr. Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams and taught them to play his new game 【解析【解析 1】divide.into. 把把.分开分开 【例题 15-1】A year has four seasons and it _ twelve different star signs. A. divided into B. is dividing into C. divided into D. is divided int
29、o 【例题 15-2】We are _ into four groups at first.(划分) 【解析【解析 2】teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事教某人做某事 teach taught taught 【例题 15-3】 Nowadays, more and more foreigners become interested in Chinese, so it _ in schools in many countries. A. teaches B. is taught C. has taught D. was taught 【例题 15-4】Mr. White came
30、 to our school in 2008, and since then he _ us English. A. teaches B. taught C. has taught D. will teach 【拓展】【拓展】v+er = n teach - teacher 教师教师 work - worker 工人工人 clean - cleaner 清洁工清洁工 farm - farmer 农夫农夫 speak - speaker 讲演者讲演者 read - reader 读者读者 own -owner 主人主人 play - player 运动员运动员 sing -singer 歌唱家歌
31、唱家 wait - waiter 服务员服务员 visit - visitor 游客游客 act -actor 【例题 15-5】My mother is a doctor , and my father is a _ (work). 【例题 15-6】 A good teacher is a good _. A teacher is there to listen to every student and help them out. (listen) 【例题 15-7】There are fifty _ in our school. They are all friendly to us.
32、 A. woman teachers B. women teacher C. woman teacher D. women teachers 16. Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players. 【解析【解析 1】popular adj. 受欢迎的受欢迎的popularity n 普及的普及的 be popular with sb. 受某人欢迎受某人欢迎 【例题 16-1】Oxford Univ
33、ersity is _ with tourists for its beautiful old buildings. A. different B. famous C. special D. popular 【例题 16-2】Many of my classmates think Wang Han is _ host in Hunan TV Station. A. popular B. more popular C. the most popular 【解析【解析 2】dream of /about doing sth 梦想梦想 【例题 16-3】He dreamed of _ a movie
34、 star when he was young. A. become B. became C. becoming D. to become 【例题 16-4】Scientists are working hard to make the dream _ (come) true. 17. The number of foreign players, including Chinese players, in the NBA has increased. 【解析【解析 1】(1) a number of +名词复数名词复数“许多的许多的，大量的，大量的” , 后接可数名词复数后接可数名词复数= m
35、any = lots of = a lot of 【注】【注】number 前面可以加修饰词前面可以加修饰词 small, large, great 等表示程度。做主语时，谓语动词用复数。等表示程度。做主语时，谓语动词用复数。 (2) the number of +名词复数名词复数 “的数量的数量”， 做主语时，谓语动词用单数做主语时，谓语动词用单数 Eg. In our school library there _ a number of books on science, and in these years the number of them _ growing larger and
36、larger. A. are; is B. is; are C. have; are D. has; is 【解析【解析 2】include v 包括包括 including prep 包括（必须置于它所说明的名词或代词之前）包括（必须置于它所说明的名词或代词之前） Eg. Why is Harveys mother so happy? Because only three students _, _ her son Harvey. A. failed the exam; besides B. made progress; except C. made progress; including
37、D. passed the exam; without Ten people, _(包括）a baby, were hurt in the crash. 18. Many young people look up to these basketball heroes and want to become like them. 【解析【解析1】look up to钦佩；仰慕钦佩；仰慕(反义词组）反义词组） look down on/ upon 看不起。看不起。 【拓展】【拓展】look 构成的短语：构成的短语： look up 查找查找(代词放中间代词放中间) look for 寻找寻找 loo
38、k forward to 期待期待 look after 照顾照顾 look like 看起来像看起来像 look through 浏览浏览 【例题 18-1】 They are looking forward to _(win) the first prize in the coming competition. 【例题 18-2】If you want to know more information about the coming party, please_ the website: http:/ www. Jinshi. com. A. set up B. look through
39、 C. pick out D. turn off 19. These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams. 【解析【解析 1】 encourage sb. to do sth 鼓励某人做某事鼓励某人做某事 Eg. My teachers often encourage me _ more friends but I find it difficult. Your teachers idea is right. The more friends you make, _ you will be. A.
40、to make; the more happy B. to make; happier C. making; the happier D. to make; the happier 【解析【解析 2】achieve ones dreams.实现某人的梦想实现某人的梦想 【拓展】【拓展】achieve v 获得；达到；获得；达到； 实现实现 achievement n 完完成；成； 成绩成绩 achieve ones dream 实现某人的梦想实现某人的梦想 词条词条 用法用法 achieve 主语一般为主语一般为“人人” come true 主语一般是主语一般是“梦想；理想梦想；理想” Eg.
41、 Work hard, and your dream will_ (实现) 20. Its hard to tell who came up with the idea first. 【解析】【解析】come up with =think up 想出想出 catch up with 赶上赶上 追上追上 【拓展】【拓展】come out 出版，发表出版，发表 come in 进来进来 come from = be come 来自来自 Eg. 1. The great writer has written many stories for children. It is said that a n
42、ew one will _ at the end of this month. A. go out B. come out C. look out D. run out 2. Scientists are trying their best to _ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9. A. come up with B. look forward to C. talk about D. give up 3. We are supposed to _a solution to stop people from looking down
43、 at their mobile phones while driving cars. A. come up with B. come form C. come out D. come true 21. Some inventions can also lead to other inventions. 【解析】【解析】lead to 导致，引起导致，引起 【拓展【拓展 1】 lead led led v 引导，引诱引导，引诱 (反反) mislead misleading adj. 误导人的误导人的 leader n 领导人领导人 【拓展【拓展 2】 lead to sth 导致导致 【谚语
44、】【谚语】All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马条条大路通罗马 lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地把某人领到某地 lead sb. to do sth 引导某人干某事引导某人干某事 Eg. 1. Failure in the games led me _ take more training. A. to B. in C. at D. by 2. Hard work _(引导) success. 课堂检测 一、单项选择 1. The driver wanted _ his car near the roadside but was asked by the
45、police not to. A. park B. parked C. to park D. parking 2. A year has four seasons and it _ twelve different star signs. A. divided into B. is dividing into C. dividing into D. is divided into 3. Jessicas parents always encourage her _ out her opinions. A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. will speak
46、4. Vocabulary is important to language learning. Therefore, youd better try different ways you can think of _ words and expressions. A. remember B. to remember C. remembering D. remembered 5. The number of books in the bookshop is about 10,000 and a number of them _ about Chinese. A. is B. was C. are D. were 6. The man tried several times to start the car, and he succeeded_. A. in the past B. in the end C. at first D. at once 7. _
