1、江苏省靖江高级中学 2020-2021 学年英语第 1 册 Unit 3 预学案 1 定定 语语 从从 句（句（I） 1. 三个概念三个概念: 先行词先行词：被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词即先行词； 关系词关系词：关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as 等； 关系副词有：when, where, why 等； 定语从句定语从句：在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词。 基本结构：基本结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句 2. 三个步骤：三个步骤： 关系词通常有下列三个作用： 1.引导定语从句 2.代替先行词 3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 因此，学习定语从句的关键是要
2、找出这种方法：方法： 1). 找出主从句找出主从句 2). 找出先行词找出先行词 3). 将将先行词先行词代入代入定语从句定语从句中，分析其作什么成分中，分析其作什么成分 3. 完成下列表格完成下列表格 关系词 先 行 词 从句 成分 例句备注 关 系 代 词 who人 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom, which和 that 在从句 中 做 宾 语 时，常可以 省略，但介 词 提 前 时 后 面 关 系 代 词 不 能 省略，也不 可以用 that whom人 Mr. Smith is the person
3、with whom I am working. The boy (whom) she loved died in the war. whose 人， 物 I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate. that 人， 物 Aplane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. which物 The book (which) I
4、 gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible. as 人， 物 He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一 般不省略 4. 关系代词辨析关系代词辨析 1) 下列情况只能用只能用that不能用不能用which： 先行词先行词为为everything, anything, nothing, all, none, few, little
5、等词时等词时， 或当先行词或当先行词被被 every, all, any, some, no, little, few, much 等词修饰时等词修饰时 The manager is not here and there is nothing that can be done. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 The first place (that) they visited in London was the Big Ben. 当先行词被当先行词被 the very, the only 修饰时修饰时 This is the very book (
6、that) I want to read. 当主句是以当主句是以 who, which 开头的特殊疑问时开头的特殊疑问时 Who is the man that is standing by the gate? 当有两个或两个以上先行词，分别为人和物时当有两个或两个以上先行词，分别为人和物时 The driver and his car that fell into the river have not been found. 关系代词在定语从句中做表语时关系代词在定语从句中做表语时 China is no longer the country that it used to be. 江苏省靖
7、江高级中学 2020-2021 学年英语第 1 册 Unit 3 预学案 2 2) 下列情况只能用只能用which不能用不能用that： 介词前置时关系代词只能用介词前置时关系代词只能用 which (先行词为物先行词为物) Do you like the book on which she spent $10? 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时只能用引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时只能用 which He saw a film, which was about the Long March. 3)先行词为人，下列情况只能用只能用who不能用不能用that： 先行词为先行词为
8、one, ones, anyone Dont tell anyone about the news who shouldnt know it. 先行词为先行词为 those Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. 句子中有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已是句子中有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已是 that The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard. 5.介词+关系代词 关系代词作介词宾语的几种结构关系代词作介词宾语的几种结构 介词
9、+ whomwhich The woman general still remembers the day on which she joined the army. 介词短语+ whichwhom The fisherman lived in a small house, in front of which lies a well. 不定代词或数词+whichwhom There are many books here, none of which belongs to me. 名词+ of which She mentioned a magazine, the title of which
10、 I have forgotten. 介词的选用原则介词的选用原则 根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。 This is the camera on which I spent 6 yuan. This is the camera for which I paid 6 yuan. 根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。如： I remember the day on which I came to my tower of ivory. I remember the days during which I work here. I remember the month in which I staye
11、d here. 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。 Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles? 根据从句中形容词的习惯搭配。 Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im not sure？ 介词介词+关系代词关系代词的注意点的注意点 1) 固定结构中的介词，不能拆开前置，如：look at/for/after；take care of 等。 Alice is the girl（who/whom/that）you must take good ca
12、re of. She is poor in health. 2) 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用指人时用 whom，不可用 who 或者 that 关系代词指物时用指物时用 which，不能用 that 关系代词是所有格时用是所有格时用 whose 6. 课堂检测 A. 判断下面句子类型 1. He is such a good teacher _ we like him.(_) 2. He is so good a teacher _ we like.(_) 3. He is a teacher, _he teaches us history.(_) 江苏省靖江高级中学 2020-2
13、021 学年英语第 1 册 Unit 3 预学案 3 4. He is a teacher _ teaches us history.(_) 5. It is a narrow path _(lead) to the tower on the hill. (_) 6. It is a narrow path _ leads to the tower on the hill.(_) 7. He invited me to dinner, _ it was kind of him.(_) 8. He invited me to dinner, _ was kind of him.(_) 9. He
14、 has two sons, and both of _ are doctors.(_) 10. He has two sons, both of _ are doctors.(_) 11. He stood there, and his eyes _ (focus) on me.(_) 12. It was yesterday afternoon _ I saw him.(_) B. 用定语从句连接两个句子 1. This is the school. I studied in this school five years ago. _ 2. The students like the sc
15、hool very much. Their parents have come to China for business. _ 3. Do you know the man? The man is standing in front of the library. _ 4. Students like such school news. The radio club broadcasts school news. _ 5. The way is interesting. He teaches English in that way. _ 6. The teaching building lo
16、oks nice. The building was put up last year. _ 7. Li Wenliang is such a great doctor. Millions of people love him. _ 8. The first book is Travel in China. Id like to read it during the holidays. _ 9. Tina is a student. She won a prize in the writing competition. _ 10. I love my father.My father work
17、s in Shanghai. _ C.用介词+关系代词连接句子 1. Biology is a subject.I know little about the subject. _ 2. Jim is boy. We learned a lot from him last year. _ 3. The boss is tough on us. We work in his workshop. _ 4. It rained the whole day.He travelled with his family on the day. _ 5. The police searched the hou
18、se.The terrible accident happened in the house. _ 6. I dont like the way. She talked to me in the way. _ 7. The time finally arrived. They had to leave at that time. _ 8. We will visit the place. The war broke out in the place. _ 江苏省靖江高级中学 2020-2021 学年英语第 1 册 Unit 3 预学案 4 9. Do you know the reason?
19、He failed to attend the meeting for that reason. _ 10. The problem has been solved. We argued about the problem yesterday. _ C. 用适当的词填空 1. He told us many interesting things and persons _ we had never heard. 2. This is the place _ I am dying to visit these years. 3. This is the scientist _ achieveme
20、nts are well known. 4. The old man _ I talked to just now is a musician. 5. This is the most interesting film _ was shown last week. 6. There is nothing _ can stop him from doing it. 7. He isnt such a man _ he used to be. 8. We have found such materials _ are used in their factory. 9. Children who a
21、re not active or_ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. 10.Aplane is a machine _ can fly. 11. God helps those _ help themselves. 12. The old temple _ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. 13. The building _ walls are white is my house. 14. The house is my house, and _ walls are wh
22、ite. 15. China is no longer the country _ it used to be. D. 介词+关系代词填空 1. This is the pen _ I wrote the letter. 2. No one knew the reason _ he was absent. 3. The house _ we live is not large. 4. The speed _ you drive your car mustnt too high. 5. What were the things _ he was not too sure? 6. In the p
23、ark there are many flowers, the colour _ is bright and nice. 7. Wind power is an ancient source of energy _ we may return in the near future. 8. Peter received training in computer for one year, _ he found a job in a big company. 9. I have rare occasions _ I have time to spend with my kids. 10. In o
24、ur school there is a reading room, _the students often go to read newspapers and magazines. 11. He is my favorite teacher, _ guidance I have made great progress in English. 12. China has hundreds of islands, the largest _ is Taiwan. 13. He has two daughters, both _ are college students. 14. They liv
25、e in a house, the windows _ are made of glass. 15. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see what was happening inside the house. PS分层训练与测评 P77 It was his carelessness _ led to the terrible accident. 强调下面句中的划线部分 We met him in the street last Monday. _ _ _ _ 江苏省靖江高级中学 2020-2021 学年英语第 1 册
26、 Unit 3 预学案 5 定语从句答案： A. 1. that 结果状语从句 2. as定语从句 3. and 并列句 4. who/ that定语从句 5. leading 简单句 6. that/ which 定语从句 7. and 并列句 8. which 定语从句 9. them 并列句 10. whom 定语从句 11. were focused并列句 12. that 强调句 B. 1. This is the school that I studied in five years ago. 2. The students whose parents have come to C
27、hina for business like the school very much. 3. Do you know the man who is standing in front of the library? 4. Students like such school news that the radio club broadcasts. 5. The way (that/in which) he teaches English is interesting. 6. The teaching building that was put up last year looks nice.
28、7. Li Wenliang is such a great doctor as millions of people love. 8. The first book that Id like to read during the holidays is Travel in China. 9. Tina is a student who won a prize in the writing competition. 10. I love my father, who works in Shanghai. C. 1. Biology is a subject about which I know
29、 little. 2. Jim is a boy, from whom we learned a lot last year. 3. The boss, in whose workshop we work is tough on us. 4. It rained the whole day on which he travelled with his family. 5. The police searched the house in which the terrible accident happened. 6. I dont like the way in which she talke
30、d to me. 7. The time at which they had to leave finally arrived. 8. We will visit the place in which the war broke out. 9. Do you know the reason for which he failed to attend the meeting? 10. The problem about which we argued yesterday has been solved. C. 1. that2. which/that3. whose4. whom/who/tha
31、t5. that6. that 7. as8. as 9. Whose10. that/which11. who12. whose13. whose 14. its15. that D. 1. with which2. for which3. in which4. at which5. of which6. of which 7. to which8. after which9.on which10. to which11. under whose 12. of which13. of whom14. of which15. through which 江苏省靖江高级中学 2020-2021 学年英语第 1 册 Unit 3 预学案 6 PS 1. It was we that met him in the street last Monday. 2. It was him that we met in the street last Monday. 3. It was in the street that we met him last Monday. 4. It was last Monday that we met him in the street.
