1、 北京市北京市 2019 年中考英语试卷年中考英语试卷 一、单项填空一、单项填空 从下面各题所给的从下面各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I cant wait to see . A. her B. him C. it D. them 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：王老师要来我们学校了，我迫不及待要看到他。her 她，人称代词宾格；him 他，人称代词 宾格；it它；them他们，人称代词宾格。根据句意可知，这个空代指的是 Mr. Wan
2、g，是男性，故应选 B。 2.We planted some flowers the garden yesterday. A. on B. to C. in D. of 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨天我们在花园里种植了一些花。on 在上面；to 到；in 在里面；of的。根据句意 和常识可知，花应该种在花园里，故应选 C。 3. Excuse me, .is this T-shirt? Its 88 yuan. A. how much B. how many C. how long D. how old 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：-打扰一下，这件 T 恤衫多少钱？-88 元
3、。how much多少钱，提问价格；多少，提问数量， 修饰不可数名词；how many多少，提问数量，修饰可数名词；how long 多长时间；how old 多大，提问年龄。 根据下面的回答 Its 88 yuan 可知，这里问的是 T 恤衫的价格，故应选 A。 4. Lily, _ you finish the letter in ten minutes? Yes, I can. A. must B. should C. need D. can 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：-Lily，你可以在十分钟之后完成这封信吗？-是的，我能。must必须；should应该；need需 要；ca
4、n能，可以。根据下面的回答 Yes, I can可知，一般疑问句也应用 can，故选 D。 5.This cap is nice, it doesnt look good on me. A. for B. so C. but D. or 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个帽子很漂亮，但是戴在我头上看起来不好看。for 为了，因为；so 因此；but 但是；or 或者，否则。根据句意，空前is nice，空后是 doesnt look nice，前后是转折的关系，故应选 C。 6.Julie takes good care of the family dog. She is than he
5、r brother. A. patient B. more patient C. most patient D. the most patient 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：Julie 把家里的狗照顾得很好，她比她的弟弟更有耐心。patient耐心的，形容词；more patient 更有耐心的；most patient最有耐心的；the most patient最有耐心的，最高级。根据句意和空后的 than 可知， 这里应用形容词的比较级，故选 B。 7.Sam with his friends every weekend. A. skates B. is skating C. h
6、as skated D. was skating 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：Sam每个周末和他的朋友们去滑冰。skates 滑冰，动词的第三人称单数形式；is skating现在 进行时；has skated现在完成时；was skating过去进行时。根据句意和句中 every weekend可知，这里表达经 常性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语 Sam是第三人称单数，故应选 A。 8. Tom, whats your dad doing? He my bike. A. repairs B. will repair C. has repaired D. is repairing 【答案
7、】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：-Tom，你的爸爸在做什么？-他正在修理我的自行车。repairs修理，第三人称单数形式；will repair 一般将来时；has repaired 现在完成时；is repairing 现在进行时。根据问题 whats your dad doing使用的 是现在进行时，答语中也应用现在进行时，故应选 D。 9.Our school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now, A. changes B. changed C. will change D. has changed 【答案】D 【解析】 【
8、详解】句意：自从 2017年我们的学校生活变化了很多，我们现在有更多的活动。changes 改变，第三人称 单数形式；changed是过去式；will change 一般将来时；has changed现在完成时。根据句意和句中的时间状 语 since 2017可知，该句表示过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，故选 D。 10.If you want to visit the Palace Museum, I tickets for you tomorrow. A. will book B. booked C. have booked D. was booking 【答案】A 【解析】 【详
9、解】句意：如果你想要参观故宫博物院，我明天将会给你订票。will book 一般将来时；booked 一般过 去时；have booked 现在完成时；was booking 过去进行时。句中 If 引导的是条件状语从句，从句中使用一般 现在时，主句应用一般将来时，故应选 A。 11.My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday. A. accepts B. accepted C. was accepted D. is accepted 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的关于怎样节省纸的建议上周一被我的班级接受了。accep
10、ts 接受，第三人称单数形式； accepted过去式；was accepted 一般过去时的被动语态；is accepted一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知， 该句的主语 My advice 与动词 accept构成被动关系，应用被动语态，故先排除 A和 B；根据句中的时间状语 last Monday可知，应用一般过去时，故选 C。 12. Did you notice . in her office? Yes. She was going over our writing. A. what was Miss Lin doing B. what Miss Lin was doing C.
11、what does Miss Lin do D. what Miss Lin does 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：-你注意林小姐在干什么了吗？-是的，她正在检查我们的写作。what was Miss Lin doing林 小姐在干什么，疑问语序；what Miss Lin was doing陈述语序；what does Miss Lin do林小姐是干什么的；what Miss Lin does 陈述语序。根据句子结构可知，这里考查的是宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序，故先排除 A 和 C。根据答语 She was going over our writing 可知，这里问的是过去正在做
12、的事情，应用过去进行时，故 选 B。 二、完形填空二、完形填空 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最四个选项中，选择最 佳选项佳选项。 Run for Class President Two months ago, when our class election(选举) started, I decided to run for class president. I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people, so I f
13、elt it easy to win. But I was _13_that people would feel bad for me if I lost. I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasnt to make promises to do things I couldnt _14_ but to show my class why I wanted to be president. I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent
14、three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem. Since I was _15_prepared, I felt that my chances of winning were strong. However, when I gave my speech on Election Day, the response (反应) wasnt what I had _16_. Few people actually listened. Whe
15、n it was my opponents (对手的)turn, everyone was screaming his name. His speech was short, but all to the point. By then, I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer. It was obvious who would _17_. For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made
16、 it through. My _18_ was right: I didnt win. The next day, people were still talking about the election. I just pretended (假装) not to hear. But later, things got better. People _19_about the election and talked to me just as they did before. I dont regret putting time and energy into the election be
17、cause Ive learned that things arent always going the way I expect. And moments of failure like this build _20_ since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown stronger. 13. A. bored B. afraid C. excited D. hopeful 14. A. compare B. remember C. manage D. repeat 15. A. fully B. quickly C. fres
18、hly D. physically 16. A. feared B. faced C. mentioned D. pictured 17. A. insist B. return C. wait D. win 18. A. suggestion B. prediction C. direction D. introduction 19. A. forgot B. wrote C. cared D. discussed 20. A. trust B. pride C. character D. support 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. D 17. D 18. B 19.
19、 A 20. C 【解析】 【分析】 这篇短文中作者记叙了两个月前他参加竞选班长的经历，他为了这个竞选做了充分的准备，以为胜券在握， 但事实并非如此，他的竞争对手最后赢得了竞选。通过这件事作者学到了很多，他并不后悔为此付出的精 力和时间，经历失败会让他变得更加坚强。 【13 题详解】 句意： 但是我害怕如果我输了， 人们会为我难过。 考查形容词辨析， bored 感到无聊的； afraid 害怕的； excited 兴奋的； hopeful有希望的。 根据上句话 I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people, so I
20、felt it easy to win.和句中that people would feel bad for me if I lost.可知，作者自己感觉没什么，但是“害怕人们会为他 难过”，故应选 B。 【14 题详解】 句意：我的计划不是承诺去做我无法做到的事情，而是向全班展示我为什么想要成为班长。考查动词辨析， compare 对比；remember 记得， 记住；manage设法做到， 管理；repeat重复。 根据句意 My plan wasnt to make promises to do things可知，作者不承诺去做自己做不到的事情，故应选 C。 15 题详解】 句意：既然我做
21、了充分的准备，我感觉我获胜的机会非常大。考查副词辨析，fully充分地；quickly快速地； freshly新近，气味清新地；physically身体上地。根据上文 I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem 可知，作者为竞选做了充分的准备。故应选 A。 【16 题详解】 句意：然而，当我在选举日那
22、天做演讲时候，得到的回应与我想象的不同。考查动词辨析，feared畏惧， 害怕；faced 面对；mentioned 提到，提及；pictured 想象。根据句意可知，现场的反应与作者想象的是不同 的。故应选 D。 【17 题详解】 句意：谁会赢是很明显的。考查动词辨析，insist坚持；return归还，回来；wait等待；win 赢。根据文意和 下文 My _6_ was right: I didnt win.可知，作者在参加一个班长的竞选，因此这里应表示“赢得竞选”， 故应选 D。 【18 题详解】 句意： 我的预测是对的： 我没有赢。 考查名词辨析， suggestion 建议； pr
23、ediction 预测； direction方向； introduction 介绍。根据上文 It was obvious who would _5_. For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through.可知，作者已经猜到了谁会赢得这次竞选。故这里应表示“我的预测是 对的”，选 B。 【19 题详解】 句意：人们忘记了选举的事，像以前一样和我说话。考查动词辨析，forgot忘记；wrote 写；cared 关心，在 乎；discuss
24、ed讨论。根据语境 But later, things got better. and talked to me just as they did before.可知，后来 人们就慢慢忘记了竞选的事，又和以前一样了。故应选 A。 【20 题详解】 句意： 像这样的失败的时刻会塑造性格从那以后， 我学会了面对失望， 变得更加坚强。 考查名词辨析。 trust 相信，信任；pride骄傲；character 性格；support支持。根据空后 since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.可知，经历失败，作者变得更
25、加坚强，所以失败的经历能塑造性格。故应选 C。 【点睛】这是一篇记叙文，短文作者记叙了自己参加竞选班长的经历，短文按照时间顺序记叙，叙述清晰、 完整，最后点明了自己从这次经历中学到的东西。内容贴近学生们的日常生活，比较容易理解。题型是完 形填空，考查学生们在具体语境中运用语言的能力，综合性较强。做题时，应先通读短文，了解大意；然 后根据上下文语境做题，先易后难，注意空前后的固定搭配，并仔细辨析选项中每个单词的意思和用法； 最后将答案代入原文，再读一遍，检查答案是否正确。例如第 4小题，考查动词辨析，feared畏惧，害怕； faced 面对；mentioned 提到，提及；pictured 想
26、象。根据句意可知，现场的反应与作者想象的是不同的。故 应选 D。这个题目学生们要特别注意 picture 这个词作动词的意思，因为学生们对这个词主要记住的是名词 的意思。再如第 6 小题，考查名词辨析，suggestion建议；prediction 预测；direction 方向；introduction介绍。 根据上文 It was obvious who would _5_. For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through.可知
27、，作者已经猜到了谁会赢得这次竞选。故这里应表示“我的预测是对的”， 选 B。 三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最四个选项中，选择最 佳选项。佳选项。 A Experiencing China Mike, Canada I spent three months with my host family(接待家庭) in China. It was a lifetime experience. I was able to experience Chinese living and culture f
28、rom basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera. I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital. Now I have a better understanding of Chinese culture. Joanna, Australia I stayed with my host family for five months. My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted. With her help m
29、y Chinese has improved a lot. And I have got used to a new culture. My favorite part of the experience was sharing my feelings in China with her. Bill, America My host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes. They are tasty and I like them very much. Just lik
30、e me my host parents love to learn about different cultures. They often ask me questions about life in America. Cindy, Germany Recently I took part in a program to study Chinese. I lived with a host family in China for six months. My host sister is a really hardworking student. It was amazing to see
31、 how she made progress in English. And a close relationship has developed between us. 21. Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital? A. Mike. B. Joanna. C. Bill. D. Cindy. 22. How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China? A. Three months. B. Four months. C. Five months. D. Six mo
32、nths. 23. Cindy thinks her host sister is . A. a wonderful cook B. a responsible doctor C. a warm-hearted teacher D. a hardworking student 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 【解析】 随着中国在世界上影响力的提高，越来越多的外国学生来到中国学习。短文中的这几名学生就来自不同的 国家，但他们都有在中国学习的经历。在文中他们讲述了自己对这次经历的感受。 【21 题详解】 细节理解题。由题干中 a traditional Chinese medicine
33、 hospital 可定位至短文第一段中 I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital.这句话，再找到文章的开头 Mike Canada可知，Mike参观了著名了中医 医院。故应选 A。 【22 题详解】 细节理解题。根据题干中的人名 Joanna可定位到短文第二段，根据第一句话 I stayed with my host family for five months.可知，她和她的寄宿家庭一起待了五个月。故应选 C。 【23 题详解】 细节理解题。根据题干中的人名 Cindy可定位到短文第四段，根据 I lived
34、 with a host family in China for six months. My host sister is a really hardworking student.可知，Cindy觉得寄宿姐姐是一个非常用功的学生。由此 可知应选 D。 B Blue Lightning Sally loved cars more than anything else. This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. So she asked her dad for help. “Well,”
35、 he said. “How about this: you do some research first and then come back to me with a design.” A week later Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go-kart “Blue Lightning”. Dad looked over her work, thinking. “Well, thats interesting,” he said. “Have a try. Just build Blue Lightn
36、ing as youve designed.” Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed. After she did that, Sally drove back to Dad. “Well,” she said. “Now I know why you wanted me to have a te
37、st drive.” “Oh, do you?” he said. “Please share.” “When I drove fast, there was a lot of pushback,” she said. “I think its because of the lightning bolt (闪电) shape.” “Very good!” Dad said. “So, why didnt you tell me about that problem in the first place?” Sally asked. Dad laughed. “Wheres the fun in
38、 that? If you give a man a fish, hell eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish, hell eat for a lifetime.” Sally said, “I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun !” Dad smiled. “Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first
39、and making mistakes along the way.” That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showed Dad her new go-kart, he nodded with pride. Finally came the race. Sally wasnt worried about whether she would winin her mind, she had already won, by building something better than ever before. 24.
40、Sally thought of building a go-kart to . A. practice driving B. enter for a race C. play with friends D. do some research 25. What did Sallys dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart? A. To have a test drive. B. To take a good rest. C. To give it a cool name. D. To paint it light blue. 26. Sall
41、ys story mainly tells us that . A. winning a race is important B. fishing brings us a lot of fun C. driving experience is necessary D. learning happens during the process 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 【解析】 【分析】 Sally 非常喜欢汽车，她想要自己制作一辆卡丁车去参加比赛，并向爸爸求助。经过三个周末的努力，Sally 的卡丁车做好了，爸爸让她先去试一试。经过试驾，Sally 发现卡丁车还存在一些问题，她
42、问爸爸为什么之 前不告诉她，爸爸说有时候我们就是通过犯错来学习的。 【24 题详解】 细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话 This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. 可知，Sally想要自己制作一辆卡丁车去参加比赛。由此可知应选 B。 【25 题详解】 细节理解题。根据短文第四段 Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it ligh
43、t blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed.可知，Sally把卡丁车做好后， 给爸爸看，爸爸让她先去试驾一下。由此可知应选 A。 【26 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文意和短文倒数第三段的内容 Dad smiled. “Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the
44、way.”可知， 短文通过讲述 Sally制作卡丁车参加比赛的过程，告诉我们，有时候学习就是在过程中发生的。故 D 选项最 符合文意。 【点睛】这篇短文通过讲述 Sally制作卡丁车参加比赛的过程，告诉我们在做事情的过程中学习把事情做好 这个道理。文章篇幅较长，但句式结构简单，叙述清晰，内容也比较贴近日常生活，比较容易理解。阅读 理解是中考英语的经典题型，主要考查以下几个方面的能力：1. 掌握文章的主旨大意；2.理解文章事实和细 节；3.根据上下文猜测生词词义；4.理解文章上下文逻辑关系，做合理的推测和判断；5.领会作者的写作目 的、观点和态度。题型设置常有：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题
45、和主旨大意题。做题时，先通读 短文，了解文章大意；然后根据题目所问，锁定文章相关段落或语句，或利用文章信息进行推测和判断。 细节题相对较简单，可以根据题干所问，锁定文章相关信息作答。如第 2 小题，根据题干所问锁定文章第 四段， 根据 Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed.可知选 A。 C Som
46、etimes it seems that time is flying. Perhaps it doesnt need to feel this way. Our experience of time can be possibly changed. By understanding the psychological (心理学的) processes behind our different experiences of time, we might be able to slow down time a little. One basic law of psychological time
47、 is that time seems to slow down when were exposed(接触) to new environments and experiences. The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process. The more information our minds take in the slower time seems to pass. It follows, then, th
48、at we have different experiences of time in different situations. In some situations, our life is full of new experiences. Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down. In other situations, we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar(熟悉的
49、). We become insensitive to our experience, which means we process less information, and time seems to speed up. How can we slow down time? Here are two suggestions. Firstly, since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster, we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible. We can give ourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills. This will increase the amount o
