1、Discovering Useful Discovering Useful StructuresStructures 1 Learning objectives To learn the restrictive relative clauses with that, which, who, whose, whom and /. To use the restrictive relative clauses to describe pictures of disasters. Reviewing Baby wont you tell me why there is sadness in your
2、 eyes I dont wanna say goodbye to you Love is one big illusion I should try to forget but there is something left in my head Youre the one who set it up now youre the one to make it stop Im the one whos feeling lost right now Now you want me to forget every little thing you said but there is somethi
3、ng left in my head I wont forget the way youre kissing The feelings so strong were lasting for so long But Im not the man your heart is missing Thats why you go away I know Find sentences with restrictive relative clauses. Finding There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. Eleven kilome
4、ters directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake
5、was more than 400,000. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Find more sentences with restrictive relative clauses from the text on page 50. Observ
6、ing The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great grandma cannot forget. The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted. The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. Mr Li is an architect whose designs f
7、or the new town have won praise. A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Educator. Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentence below. n. 物资，供应品 Read the explanations(解说解说) carefully and underline some key sentences on 步步高步步高P68-P69. 15=12(reading)
8、+3(discussion) Observing 0 900028 7 6 5 4 3 2 151104 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 03 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 02 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 00 HoursMinutesSeconds Reading 0 900038 7 6 5 4 3 2 152004 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 03 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 02 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9
9、8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 00 HoursMinutesSeconds Discussion (主句)The girl is Mary. 1.The girl is reading a book. 2.Everyone likes the girl . The girl is Mary. who is reading a book whom everyone likes 3.The girls hair is gold. whose hair is gold that who that ( ) (主句)The book is on the desk. 1.The book belongs
10、 to Mary. 2.Mary likes the book most. 3.The books cover(封面封面) is blue. The book is on the desk. which belongs to Mary which Mary likes most whose cover is blue that that ( ) What is the attribute? (什么是定语） Presentation What is the attributive clause? (什么是定语从句） some smelly gas a huge crack a deadly di
11、saster形容词作定语 their rescue work her shock its survivors 代词作定语 a city in ruins a town without factories 介词短语作定语 village wells rescue workers government support 名词作定语 定语就是用来定语就是用来修饰或限定修饰或限定名词或者代词名词或者代词的成分的成分 one minute 10,000 nurses 150,000 soldiers What is the attribute? (什么是定语） 数词作定语 Presentation the
12、 falling leaves people trapped under the ruins. 非谓语作定语 Presentation What is the attributive clause? (什么是定语从句） 修饰一个名词或代词的单词或短语 叫定语，如果定语为一个句子则称 为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰 的名词或代词后面。 I know the boy who is sitting on the desk. I know the boy. The boy is sitting on the desk. 定语从句一般放在被修饰成分之后，一般情况下都紧跟着先行词。 e.g. This i
13、s the car which he bought last year. 先行词先行词定语从句定语从句 Do you know the man who spoke just now? Do you know the man? He spoke just now. . I have read the newspaper which carries the important news. I showed him the letter (which) I received this morning. I have read the newspaper. It carries the importa
14、nt news. . I showed him the letter. I received it this morning. . 定语从句的一般结构是：先行词+关系词+从句 I know the boy who (is sitting on the desk). 定语从句 先行词 引导词 引导词有关系代词：who、whom、whose、 that、which 先行词：被修饰的成分，即名词或代词。 关系代词在定语从句中有三个作用： 1. 引导一个定语从句； 2.在从句中代替先行词； 3.在从句中担任某一句子成分。 Presentation Analyzing There were deep c
15、racks that appeared in the well walls. Eleven kilometers directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. The number of p
16、eople who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Analyze the following attributive
17、clauses. 定语从句是在句子中作定语从句是在句子中作定语定语，修饰，修饰名词名词或或代词代词的从句。的从句。 这种从句由这种从句由关系代词关系代词或或关系副词关系副词引导，并作句子成分。引导，并作句子成分。 因形容词通常做定语，所以又称之为因形容词通常做定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句形容词性从句。 定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。 定定 语语 从从 句句 的的 引引 导导 词词 关系关系 代词代词 关关 系系 副副 词词 指人指人 指物指物 who(主语、宾语主语、宾语)，whom(宾语宾语)， that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),
18、whose(定语定语) that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语主语、宾语) whose(定语定语) where (地点状语地点状语) when (时间状语时间状语) why (原因状语原因状语) Presentation 定语从句三步解题 1. 分析句子结构，确定先行词 2. 将先行词代进从句分析 3. 再读验证，关注易错点 that or which who or whom as or which 从句中作名词定语 作状语 作主语/宾语 whose 关系副词 关系代词 Summary The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experi
19、ence that my great grandma cannot forget. The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted. The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise. A doctor with wh
20、om James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Educator. c c c c Analyzing Analyze the following attributive clauses. n. 物资,供应品 Practice Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom or /. 1. Here are some of the people _ homes were destroyed by the typhoon. 2. The terrible shaking
21、 of the building woke up all the people _ were asleep. 3. The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything _ they could find. 4. Several days later, most of the buildings _ had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired. 5. The injured boy _ mother was lost in the disaster was ta
22、ken to the hospital. 6. The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by _ she was rescued. 7. Is this young boy _ saved several other students trapped under buildings? whose who/that that or / 搭建露天 that whose whom that/who 台风 飓风 这里一些人的房子被台风摧毁了。这里一些人的房子被台风摧毁了。 剧烈震动的建筑物使所有熟睡的人都惊醒了。剧烈震动的建筑物使所有熟睡的人
23、都惊醒了。 第二天，人们在户外用他们能找到的任何东西搭起了庇护所。第二天，人们在户外用他们能找到的任何东西搭起了庇护所。 几天后，大部分被飓风毁坏的建筑物都修复了。几天后，大部分被飓风毁坏的建筑物都修复了。 那个受伤男孩的母亲在灾难中丧生，他被送去了医院。那个受伤男孩的母亲在灾难中丧生，他被送去了医院。 这名妇女给救助她的士兵写了一封感谢信。这名妇女给救助她的士兵写了一封感谢信。 这就是把几个困在建筑物下面的学生解救出来的男孩吧？这就是把几个困在建筑物下面的学生解救出来的男孩吧？ Practice(Activity2, P56) The people _ live in Wenchuan co
24、unty will never forget the day 12 May, 2008. The 8.0-magnitude earthquake _ killed over 80,000 people and left many more injured turned many towns and counties into ruins. The rescue work _ followed was carried out by people from all over the country, and even abroad. Read the passage and fill in th
25、e blanks with relative pronouns. who that/which that/which 开展，实施 Practice(Activity2, P56) Now, more than 10 years on, the people _ suffered the earthquake are living a new life. Many live in new towns _ are earthquake-safe, in local communities _ have been beautifully rebuilt by the government. The
26、people will never forget those _ rescued them and helped them rebuild their home. Out of gratitude, many young adults _ were students during the earthquake have chosen to study medicine or join the army in a wish to help more people. Wenchuan, the county _ was completely destroyed and then completel
27、y rebuilt, has become a symbol of the Chinese spirit of never giving up. who that/which that/which who who that/which 出于感激 参军 希望. .的象征 定语从句是在句子中作定语从句是在句子中作定语定语，修饰，修饰名词名词或或代词代词的从句。的从句。 这种从句由这种从句由关系代词关系代词或或关系副词关系副词引导，并作句子成分。引导，并作句子成分。 因形容词通常做定语，所以又称之为因形容词通常做定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句形容词性从句。 定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后
28、。定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。 定定 语语 从从 句句 的的 引引 导导 词词 关系关系 代词代词 关关 系系 副副 词词 指人指人 指物指物 who(主语、宾语主语、宾语)，whom(宾语宾语)， that(主语、宾语主语、宾语), whose(定语定语) that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语主语、宾语) whose(定语定语) where (地点状语地点状语) when (时间状语时间状语) why (原因状语原因状语) Review Review-attributive clause A huge crack _was eight kilometers
29、 long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and waterways. Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom, or “/”. that/which Review-attributive clause The number of people _ were killed or badly injured was more than 400,000. that/who Review-attributive clause There are a numbe
30、r of people _ homes were destroyed by the disastrous earthquake. whose Review-attributive clause Soldiers were sent to Tangshan to dig out those _ were trapped and to bury the dead. who Review-attributive clause Tangshan people have the greatest repect for those soldiers to _they are grateful. whom
31、be grateful to sb. Group work Make sentences by using attributive clauses accoding to the given pitures. The more the better. Group work 1. A disaster is a very bad accident or a sudden event _usually causes great damage and can ruin many peoples lives. 2. The woman wanted to find and thank the fire
32、fighter_rescued her from the fire. 3. A typhoon is an extremely strong wind _ often happens in the Western Pacific Ocean. 4. The children _ parents could not be found were looked after by neighbors and friends. 5. A tsunami is a very large wave _ is often caused by an earthquake under the sea. 6. Pe
33、ople to _ much is given are people of _ much will be expected. Practice(Activity1, P90) that/which who/that that/which whose that/which whomwhom 1. The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman whose family survived the earthquake. 2. The soldier will remember the rescue worker with whom he worked durin
34、g the quake. 3. The rescue workers had to walk slowly through the bricks that/which covered the ground. 4. My family will always be thankful for the people from whom we received aid. 5. We need to help the people who lost everything in the quake prepare for the coming winter. Practice(Activity2, P90
35、) Practice(Activity3, P91) For people _ love the sun, summer is a time of fun. But for people _ families were destroyed by the super typhoon _ hit East China in July 2016, that summer was a time of great sadness. The floods and landslides caused by the typhoon killed 161 people, left 61 missing, and
36、 forced the evacuation of hundreds of thousands of people. The victims _ the typhoon brought death or great loss were in several provinces along the Yangtze River. In the months _ have passed since then, much has been done to make things better and help the thousands of people _ homes were destroyed
37、, although the sadness will never leave those _ summer now marks the death of a loved one. that/who whose that/which to whom that/which whose for whom n. 撤离 n. 受害者，牺牲品 v. 标志 Production Work with a partner. Take turns to ask each other about the pictures. Make sentences with restrictive relative clau
38、ses using that, which, who, whose, or whom. Example: A: Whats the rescue worker doing? B: Shes feeding the baby who survived the earthquake. A: What are the soldiers doing? B: They are putting up the tents which are used as temporary(临时的) shelters for the homeless in the earthquake. Special dogs are also part of the rescue team. 总结：关系代词的用法总结：关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以： 指人指人指物指物subject (主语主语) object (宾语宾语) attribute （定语）（定语） whom who which that whose 何时可以省略？何时可以省略？ 做宾语时可以省略做宾语时可以省略 1. Finish the exercise 步步高(P70); 2. Review restrictive relative clauses after class; 39
