1、牛津英语单元词汇详解 必修 第二册 Unit 1 Lights, camera, action!Word listsSupportive sentences1. type /tap/ n.类型，种类 vt. & vi.打字（1）【原句背诵】What type of film is shown on each poster?【拓展】different racial types 不同的人种a rare blood type 罕见的血型She mixes with all types of people. =She mixes with people of all types. 她和各种类型的人打交
2、道。There are various types of the disease. 该疾病有各种类型。This letter will need to be typed (out) again. 这封信需要再打一遍。【链接高考】（2021全国甲卷）Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。（2020浙江卷）However, a variety of types is represented here.但是，这里展示了各种类型。（2020全国卷I）Write by ha
3、nd or type on a single sheet of paper.在单张纸上手写或打字。（2020全国卷I）On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date. 在同一张纸上，写上或打上你的名字、地址、电话号码和出生日期。2. comedy /kmdi/ n.喜剧片，喜剧（1）3. documentary /dkjumentri/ n.纪录片，纪实节目 adj.文件的，纪录的（1）4. fantasy /fntsi/ n.幻想作品；幻想，想象（1）
4、5. horror /hr(r)/ n.恐怖电影（或故事等）；震惊，恐惧（1）6. romance /rmns; rmns/ n.爱情故事；浪漫史；爱情（1）7. fiction /fkn/ n.小说；虚构的事（1）8. science fiction科幻电影（或小说等）（1）【原句背诵】Below is a list of some popular films types: Action Horror Cartoon Musical Comedy Romance DocumentaryScience fiction Fantasy War【拓展】comedian n. 喜剧演员；滑稽人物ro
5、mantic adj. 浪漫的；多情的fictional adj. 虚构的；小说的He is a performer who consistently pushes the envelope of TV comedy. 他是一个在电视喜剧表演中不断寻求突破的演员。The film is more of an ironic fantasy than a horror story. 这部电影比较像是讽刺的幻想故事，而不是恐怖片。Immigrant tales have always been popular themes in fiction. 移民故事一直是小说的流行主题。Science fic
6、tion writers have long dreamed that humans might one day quit the earth to colonize other planets. 科幻小说作家们长期以来一直梦想着人类有一天可以离开地球移居到其它星球上。The movie which was adopted from a science fiction, has been attracting a great deal of attention. 这部改编自一部科幻小说的电影，吸引了大量关注。【链接高考】（2021浙江卷）Nielsen always felt he shoul
7、d be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. 尼尔森一直觉得他应该做喜剧，但他英俊的外表和杰出的声音让他忙于戏剧角色。 （2019全国卷III）Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie stars lo
8、ve during a cross-country train journey. 这部由克里斯汀肯诺恩斯和彼得加拉格尔主演的音乐喜剧由贝蒂科姆登和阿道夫格林主演，讲述了一位百老汇制片人在一次穿越全国的火车旅行中试图赢得一位电影明星的爱的故事。（2015重庆卷）For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the long-lasting themes and plot devices in fiction. 例如，文学学者利用进化心理学来解释小说中持久的主题和情节设置。9.
9、behind the scene(s)在后台，在幕后（2）10. actually /ktuli/ adv.实际上，事实上（2）【原句背诵】Actually, the film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most of which takes place behind the scenes.【拓展】in fact事实上；实际上as a matter of fact事实上；实际上I guess I never thought much about all the effort behin
10、d the scene. 我想我从来没有想过所有幕后的努力。Its an exciting opportunity to learn what goes on behind the scenes. 这是个令人激动的机会，可以了解幕后发生的事情。There are lots of people there who can actually help you. 那里有很多人可以真正帮上你的忙。【链接高考】（2021全国乙卷）Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: 事实上，真正环保之旅必须符合以下原
11、则：（2018天津卷）When groups get together to exchange ideas, they actually come up with fewer ideas overall than if they each had worked alone. 当小组成员聚在一起交换想法时，他们实际上总体上想出的点子比单独工作时少。（2017全国卷I）What Im hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not b
12、lack and white anymore. Its actually color, and its actually digital. 我希望实现的是，我这一代和更年轻的一代开始重新考虑，并理解爵士乐不再是黑白的。它实际上是彩色的，而且是数码的。11. brief /brif/ adj.简洁的，简单的；短时间的（2）12. familiar /fmli(r)/ adj.熟悉的，常见的（2）【原句背诵】Today, Ill give you a brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might not be familia
13、r with.【拓展】to be brief/in brief (=briefly/briefly speaking/in short/in a word) 简言之be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉become/get/be familiar with对熟悉familiarity n. 熟悉，精通；亲密；随便unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的【误区】be familiar to的主语可以是人，也可以是物，to的宾语通常是人；be familiar with的主语通常是人，with的宾语是所熟悉的内容，可以是人，也可以是物。a brief visit/meeting/con
14、versation 短时间的访问会议交谈a brief description/summary/account 简明扼要的描述总结叙述In brief, the meeting was a disaster. 总之，那会议糟透了。Now the rest of the news in brief. 现在简要报道其他新闻。Hes a familiar figure in the neighbourhood. 他在这个地区是大家熟悉的人物。 The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a bakery. 住在面包店附近的人都很熟悉这种
15、气味。Are you familiar with the computer software they use? 你熟悉他们使用的计算机软件吗？【链接高考】（2020江苏卷）Today, they are once again a familiar sight, playing roles that are often just as important for the community as their original purpose. 今天，它们再次成为人们熟悉的景象，扮演着与它们最初的目的一样重要的角色。（2017天津卷）Write another email as swiftly
16、as you can and send it with a brief title explaining that this is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored. 尽快再写一封邮件，并附上一个简短的标题，说明这是正确的版本，应该忽略之前的版本。13. factor /fkt(r)/ n.因素，要素（2）【原句背诵】To begin with, Id like to draw your attention to an important factor of a filmsound effects.【拓
17、展】economic factors 经济因素the key/crucial/deciding factor 关键的至关重要的决定性的因素 【误区】factor还可以用作动词，意思是“考虑”。factor something in/factorinto把考虑在内The closure of the mine was the single most important factor in the towns decline. 矿山的关闭是这个镇衰落的唯一最重要的因素。Physical activity is an important factor in maintaining fitness.
18、体育活动是保持健康的一个重要因素。Remember to factor in staffing costs when you are planning the project. 规划该项目时，记住要把雇人费用这个因素考虑进去。【链接高考】（2021全国甲卷）And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors (因素) like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. 我们看得越多，就越会发现社会因素，比如性别、种族和阶级，并不能
19、决定天才的外表。 （2020浙江卷）Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons-including other environmental influences or genetic factors. 当然，随着年龄的增长，我们的大脑会因为很多原因而衰退包括其他环境影响或遗传因素。 （2020天津卷）and thats before you factor in the higher maintenance costs of a traditional engine. 这还没有考虑到传统发动机高昂的
20、维护成本。（2020全国卷III）Only 6 percent of the biggest US cities have factored them (driverless cars) into their long-term planning. 只有6%的美国大城市将无人驾驶汽车纳入了他们的长期规划。14.dinosaur /dans(r)/ n.恐龙（2）15.roar /r(r)/ n. & vi.咆哮，吼叫（2）【原句背诵】For example, in Jurassic Park, the sounds of different animals, including a baby
21、elephant and a tiger, were mixed by a computer to make a dinosaur roar. A police car roared past. 一辆警车呼啸而过。His speech was greeted by a roar of applause. 他的讲话引来了雷鸣般的掌声。16.sheet /it/ n.一张（纸）；床单，被单；薄片（2）17.envelope /envlp/ n.信封（2）【原句背诵】The sound of the doors opening in the Star Trek films was made simp
22、ly by pulling a sheet of paper out of an envelope.Once a week, a maid changes the sheets. 女仆每个星期换一次床单。Pick up one of our free information sheets at reception. 请在接待处拿一份我们的免费资料。18. attach /tt/ vt.认为有重要性，重视；把固定，附上（3）19. visual /vul/ adj.视力的，视觉的（3）【原句背诵】Another aspect I attach great importance to is vis
23、ual special effects.【拓展】attach importance/significance/value/weight etc. (to sth) 认为重要（或有意义、有价值、有分量等）；重视attach oneself to sb, 和某人在一起；缠着某人attachment n. 附件；依恋；连接物I attach great importance to this research. 我认为这项研究十分重要。They have attached a number of conditions to the agreement (= said that the conditio
24、ns must be part of the agreement). 他们在协议上附加了一些条件。He attached himself to me at the party and I couldnt get rid of him. 在聚会上他老是缠着我，我简直无法摆脱他。The building makes a tremendous visual impact. 这栋建筑物给人以极其深刻的视觉印象。【链接高考】（2021全国乙卷）How attached are you to your landline? 你有多喜欢固定电话?（2020全国卷II）She trying to come up
25、 with a label to attach to nutria（海狸皮）fashions to show it is eco-friendly. 她试图为海狸鼠的时装设计一个标签，以表明它是环保的。（2020全国卷I）While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifs, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. 虽然我经常买很多书，但这三本书是作为礼物送给我的，这可能会增加我对它们重视的意义。（2019天津卷）Documentary: A v
26、isual presentation（such as a video，slide show，or computer project）no more than 10 minutes long. 记录片：一种不超过10分钟的视觉展示(如录像、幻灯片或电脑投影)。 20. frequently /frikwntli/ adv. 频繁地，经常（3）【原句背诵】CGI has been frequently used in filmmaking as a special effects technology. 【拓展】frequent adj. 频繁的；经常发生的；惯常的frequence n. 频率，
27、频繁；频次Buses run frequently between the city and the airport. 公共汽车频繁地来往于市区与机场之间。By this time she was in her nineties and needed help more and more frequently. 到这时她已经九十多岁了，越来越频繁地需要帮助。There is a frequent bus service into the centre of town. 公共汽车有很多班次开往市中心区。【链接高考】（2020全国卷II）Higher-income parents tended t
28、o have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. 高收入的父母倾向于让孩子更频繁地玩拼图，玩拼图的男孩和女孩都有更好的空间技能。21. studio/stjudi/ n.电影摄影棚；录音室（3）【原句背诵】Generally, scenes requiring CGI are filmed in front of a green screen in the studio.She works fo
29、r a major Hollywood studio. 她为好莱坞一家大电影公司工作。22. enable /nebl/ vt. 使能够，使可行（3）【原句背诵】This enables CGI effects to be added later.【拓展】enable sb. to do sthg.让某人能做某事【反义词】disable vt. 使失去能力；使残废unable adj. 不会的，不能的；不能胜任的【误区】enable是动词，unable是形容词，在使用时不要用错。The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds
30、. 这种软件让你在几秒钟内便可访问互联网。The new test should enable doctors to detect the disease early. 新的检验使医生能在早期发现该种疾病。He was unable to contain his own destructive feelings. 他无法克制自己的消极情绪。【链接高考】（2020天津）Reading history is an amazing experience because it enables us to reflect on the social and economic life of the pe
31、ople living long time ago. 阅读历史是一种奇妙的体验，因为它使我们能够反思很久以前人们的社会和经济生活。23. aid /ed/ n., vt. & vi.帮助，援助（3）24. prefer /prf(r)/ vt.较喜欢，更喜欢（3）【原句背诵】However, the aid of computers isnt always preferred.【拓展】economic/humanitarian/emergency aid 经济人道主义紧急援助with the aid of 在的帮助下，在援助下give aid to 给予帮助first aid 急救；急救护理p
32、refer to do/doing更喜欢做某事prefer A to B 喜欢A不喜欢Bprefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做Bpreferable adj. 更好的；更可取的【误区】prefer本身含有“更喜欢”的意义，不能与有比较意义的结构连用。This feature is designed to aid inexperienced users. 这个特色是为帮助没有经验的用户而设计的。 The survey suggests that the export sector will continue to aid the economic rec
33、overy. 该调查表明出口产业将继续促进经济复苏。The new test should aid in the early detection of the disease. 新的化验应该有助于早早检查出这种疾病。The patient was breathing only with the aid of a ventilator. 病人只有靠呼吸器呼吸。Does he prefer a particular sort of music? 他更喜欢某种特别的音乐吗？I became a teacher because I preferred books and people to polit
34、ics. 我成为了一名教师是因为我更喜欢书籍和人而不是政治。I much prefer jazz to rock music. 我喜欢爵士乐远胜过摇滚乐。【链接高考】（2021新高考I卷）We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. 我们更喜欢把情商描述为一套特定的技能，可以用于好的或坏的目的。 （2018全国卷III）Holker once again opens its gardens in
35、aid of the disadvantaged. 霍尔克再次开放花园，帮助弱势群体。 （2018天津卷）“I didnt request anyone to keep me company,” Mrs. Watson interrupted. “Im alone most of the time, and thats how I prefer it.” “我并没有要求任何人陪我，”沃森太太打断了她的话。“我大部分时间都是一个人，我喜欢这样。” （2017天津卷）You accidentally reveal (透露) to the entire company what menu choic
36、es you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner, or what holiday youd like to take. 你不小心向公司透露了你在员工圣诞晚餐上喜欢什么菜单，或者你想参加什么节日。 25. creative /krietv/ adj.创造性的，创作的；有创造力的（3）26. approach /prt/ n.方法；接近，靠近 vt. 接近，靠近，处理（3）27. angle /l/ n.角度；立场，观点（3）【原句背诵】Peter Jackson, director of The Lord of the Rings films,
37、 took a creative approachhe used clever camera angles to make characters seem bigger or smaller than they really were.【拓展】create vt. 创造；创作；创建creativity n. 创造力；创造性【误区】approach意思是“方法”时，其后常和介词to连用，接名词、 代词或动词-ing形式。We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information. 我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。【比较】an
38、gel n. 天使；守护人；善人Shes very creativeshe writes poetry and paints. 她极富创造力，既赋诗又作画。The school has decided to adopt a different approach to discipline. 学校决定采取另外一种方式解决纪律问题。As autumn approached, the plants and colours in the garden changed. 秋天渐近，花园里的植物与色调发生了变化。We heard the sound of an approaching car/a car
39、approaching. 我们听见一辆汽车驶近的声音。The Bank has approached the issue in a practical way. 该银行已经务实地处理了这个问题。Creativity and originality are more important than technical skill. 创造力和独创性比专门技术更为重要。You can look at the issue from many different angles. 你可以从很多不同的角度看这个问题。【链接高考】（2021全国乙卷）The researchers examined variou
40、s levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. 参与者完成创造性思维测试，研究人员检查了他们身上不同程度的噪音。 （2021全国乙卷）But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works. 我最近看到的一项研究，说明了为什么他的方法有效。 （2020浙江卷）In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the valu
41、e of welcoming new approaches. 在贝尔维尤，转向自适应信号是使用新方法的价值所在。（2019江苏卷）There are plenty of opportunities for the creative person to become involved, including workshops and events. 有很多机会让有创造力的人参与进来，包括研讨会和活动。（2019全国卷III）For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Wes
42、tern creative. 对于西方设计师来说，中国及其丰富的文化长期以来一直是西方创意的灵感来源。（2016全国卷III）They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table. 他们在东区一家舒适的咖啡馆里坐了下来，几分钟后，另一位顾客走过来。28. *prop/prp/ n.道具；支柱，支撑物（3）【原句背诵】Props also contributes to a films success.29. revise /r
43、vaz/ vt. 改变，修改；修订；复习（3）【原句背诵】Director James Cameron spent six months looking at and revising plans of the Titanic in order to build a fullsized model for his 1997 film.【拓展】revision n. 修正；复习The government may need to revise its policy in the light of this report. 政府可能需要根据这份报告改变其政策。With time he came t
44、o revise his opinion of the profession. 随着时间的推移，他开始修正自己对这一职业的看法。Revising for exams gives you a chance to bring together all the individual parts of the course. 考前复习给你一个把课程各独立部分融会贯通的机会。30. historian /hstrin/ n.史学工作者，历史学家（3）31. ensure /n(r); n(r)/ vt. 保证，确保（3）32. Atlantic /tlntk/ adj.大西洋的（3）33. ocean
45、/n/ n.大洋，海洋（3）【拓展】ensure (that)=make sure (that)确保/保证ensure sb./sbs sthg. 保证某人获得某物 【原句背诵】He talked to historians to ensure that the details were correct and even went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see what was left of the ship for himself.We must ensure that all patients have access to
46、 high quality care. 我们必须确保所有的病人都能够得到高质量的护理。The rules are there to ensure everyones safety and enjoyment. 这些规定是为了保证每个人的安全和快乐。Satisfactory completion of the course does not ensure you a job. 课程学习的圆满完成并不能保证你能得到工作。【链接高考】（2021新高考I卷）Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natur
47、al resources. 猎人愿意支付邮票的价格，以确保自然资源的生存。 （2020全国卷I）While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services. 虽然昆士兰铁路竭尽全力确保列车按计划运行，但无法保证列车之间或列车服务与巴士服务之间的衔接。 （2019北京卷）Global Development Association (GDA) ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. GDA确保志愿者与需要我们帮助的社区成员和当地项目伙伴一起工作。 34. not to mention 更不用说，且不说（P3）【原句背诵】It took 500 workers 100 days to
