1、江苏省部分市区2021-2022学年高二上学期期中英语试题汇编：阅读理解江苏省南京市2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABien-dire Initial,Tuttolialiano and Puntoy Coma,separately from France,Spain and Italy,arepublished six times a year. They are fill of lively and original articles and in-dep
2、th interviews inFrench, Spanish or Italian to give you the inside track on French, Spanish of Italian culture.Keywords and phrases are explained in English on the facing page.The articles,in turn,are narrated onthe accompanying 60-minute audio CD to enable you to improve your listening comprehension
3、 andunderstand French,Spanish or Italian. In addition, every feature is graded for difficulty so that youcan assess your progress with each issue.For French speakers, Bien-dire Initial will take you from a beginner to an intermediate level and is published on alternate(间隔的） months so that they can b
4、e taken together to form a truly comprehensive French learning programme.If you now want to be able to speak like a native, a subscription to Bien-dire Initial, TuttoItaliano and Puntoy Coma will inspire, motivate and help you to achieve fluency.Key BenefitsSpeak French,Spanish or Italian with confi
5、dence by learning the language as its really spokenImprove your vocabulary and listening comprehensionImprove your knowledge of French, Spanish or Italian cultureTake advantage of on-going, portable and flexible learningAcquire lively, relevant and up-to-date authentic contentSubscribe Today to eith
6、er Bien-dire Initial, Tuttoltaliano or Puntoy Coma for a year for just89(normal price 99) and you will receive an extra issue, worth over 16 For Free, and a Free electronic dictionary bookmark worth 24.99-a combined saving of 51!Order Today By calling0800 141 2210Outside the UK call44 117 927 2236Or
7、 order by visiting our website:www.Languages-21.What is special about Bien-dire Initial,Tuttoltaliano and Puntoy Coma?A.They come out every month.B.They include one-hour audio CDs.C.They have English editions.D.They feature some writing skills.22.How much should you pay if you subscribe to Puntoy Co
8、ma for a year today?A.51.B.73.C.89.D.105.23. What is the purpose of the text?A.To advertise some magazines.B.To introduce some learning methods.C.To explain some cultural differences.D.To recommend some language agencies.BThose short metal fences by the side of the road dont look like much. But they
9、 do a big job: keep drivers safe.People who design highways would always like to have a wide,flat,clear space on either side of the road. That way if a car goes off the road, it can stop safely.But in some places, that is just not possible. In that case, they put up a guardrail. These short railings
10、 are designed to stop cars from running into something more dangerous,without damaging the car too much.Jersey barriers are made of concrete.They are ofen placed down the center of a road to separate cars going into opposite directions.Jersey barriers are also used around construction zones. They ar
11、e cheap to make and easy to move around.A strong-post W-beam guardrail,with short,thick posts set together, is used where its important to stop a car quickly to save lives,like being near a cliff. It gets its name from the fact that if its cut in half, the rail looks like a sideways W.A weak-post W-
12、beam guardrail has posts thinner and farther apart.And it will stop a car more slowly than a strong-post guardrail.The more gradually a car slows down, the less likely its riders will be hurt. A weak-post guardrail can be used where there is more space to slow a car down.A three-beam guardrail has a
13、 piece of steel that ripples (呈波形） in three C-shapes.This type of guardrail is used on roads with a lot of truck traffic. The curves in the C-shapes absorb energy in a crash, and the rail is high off the ground to catch trucks.24.Whats the function of a guardrail?A.To decorate the highways.B.To limi
14、t the number of cars.C.To soften the impact of a car crash.D.To make roads wide, flat and clear.25.What does the underlined word “that in paragraph 3 refer to?A.Going off the road.B.Keeping drivers safe.C.Putting up a guardrail.D.Having space for emergency.26.On roads with frequent huge vehicles, wh
15、ich of the following is more suitable?A.A Jersey barrier.B.A three-beam guardrail.C.A strong-post W-beam guardrail.D.A weak-post W-beam guardrail.27.According to the text,A. energy can be saved with guardrailsB. drivers can go straight with guardrailsC. a W-beam guardrail is named by shapeD.concrete
16、 Jersey barriers are hard to moveCAs a wildlife-conservation biologist studying climate change,1 want to understand the evolving environment through the eyes of large animals.My work-usually in cold,remote places-involves finding animals,and ways to eat, sleep and be warm. I might suffer,but I get i
17、nsights that others cannot into what animals are doing.For about 15 years Ive been interested in musk oxen (麝香牛） This picture was taken on Wrangel Island, off the northeast coast of Russia,when I was studying how musk oxen react to polar bears. Because polar ice is melting more polar bears are hunti
18、ng on land, and they are known to have killed musk oxen. These herd animals typically dont flee from enemies such as grizzly bears. They tend to form groups instead. and male male oxen have killed grizzlies. Would they try to kill polar bears too ?To find out,I dressed as a polar bear,pulling a bear
19、 head on and placing a cloth over a range finder,camera and data books.I was cold and nervous. I didnt want to be killed by a charging musk ox-or by anything else. If some oxen charged and made an attack, Id throw off my costume and stand up straight, as Im doing here; so far, that had stopped them.
20、Id also encountered a female polar bear with new born babies, but shed left me alone.This picture is from the end of a session, and Id lived another day.Whew!I learnt that musk oxen are more likely to flee from polar bears than from grizzlies. But during this trip to Russia, I was arrested-over a da
21、te error on my permits. In court, the only word I understood was CIA. I was let go, but banned from returning for three years, so Im now studying the huemul, an endangered species of deer that lives in the shadows of glaciers at the tip of South America. As glaciers melt, how will huemul populations
22、 respond?28. How do musk oxen protect themselves from grizzly bears?A. By fleeing to polar ice quickly.B.By getting together to fight back.C. By charging at grizzlies one by one.D.By drawing support from polar bears.29. Why did the author dress as a polar bear?A.To better understand musk oxen.B.To f
23、amiliarize himself with its habitat.C.To better protect his camera equipment.D.To keep warm in extreme natural conditions.30.Why did the author have to stop his research in Russia?A.He was banned for am illegal permit.B.His research there was not approved.C. some wildlife biologists had accused himD
24、.He would study the huemu in south AmericaA.An Aivkward BiologistB.The Changeable ClimateC.Would Musk Oxen Be Killed?D.Who Wants To Be a Polar Bear?Dsome risk factors are reported to impact he severity of COVID-19.Among them was fatness orobesity.In a healthy body, fat tissue(脂肪组织） serves as storage
25、 of energy in times of food shortage and it is also full of immune cells. In thin , healthy individuals, it produces anti-inflammatory(消炎的)and protective factors. If , however, the fat tissue becomes unhealthy, as often happens in people with obesity it can produce chemical signals that promote infl
26、ammation, raising the rise of some infectious diseases like COVID-19.aResearchers are studying the mechanisms by which this inflammation occurs.One assumptionis that when fat cells become overloaded with nutrients,the intercellular stress can set off an “inflammatory cascade(级联反应）”“With obesity, peo
27、ple store a lot of nutrients in fat cells, butthey also begin to release more than normal as they grow,says Andrew Greenberg,director of anobesity laboratory.“These enter the blood and bind to immune cells in the liver and muscle. And thisleads to the release of inflammatory factors.”Poor diet can a
28、lso play a role in increasing inflammation. It changes the composition of theintestinal microbiome(肠道菌群），probably producing toxins(毒素），and obesity allows the toxins to be released into the bloodstream.While diet can be harmful and inflammatory, good nutrition does the opposite. Some nutrients,includ
29、ing omega-3 fatty acids, can work to diminish inflammation.One eating plan is the Mediterranean diet, which is thought to provide people with protective compounds. Greenberg says more research is needed to determine whether supplements, including fish oil, and fiber, can work to treat inflammation a
30、nd boost immunity associated with obesity. The most reliable approach, is weight loss. And a small amount can make a difference.“They dont have to be at their ideal body weight,” Greenberg says.“Even losing 5 to 10 percent of a persons weight helps improve their condition.”According to a 2017 study,
31、 a 20-minute session of walking can stimulate in anti-inflammatory response.32.According to the text,fat tissueA.is beneficial to obese peopleB.protects people from getting too thinC.is linked with peoples immune systemD.makes people feel full without eating33. What can give rise to an inflammatory
32、cascade?A.Fat cells.B.Intercellular stress.C.Poor diet.D.Infectious diseases.34. What does the underlined word “diminish in paragraph 5 mean?A.Cause.B.Change.C.Promote.D.Reduce.35. Whats the last paragraph mainly about?A. Firm determination to fight for ideal body.B.High expectations of more researc
33、h about nutrition.C. Great importance of having a good weight management.D.Practical ways to tackle inflammation related to obesity.江苏省徐州市2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALondon-A few hundred regular customers and pedestrians(行人）offered to help October Books of Southampton i
34、n England move books along the street last Friday. The shop had been struggling to afford the rising rent prices of the building that they had occupied since 1977 and decided to move to an old bank building down the block.But how would they be able to move their books to the new location without hav
35、ing to pay for expensive moving services? October Books put out a call for volunteers to form a “human conveyor belt” between their old store and the new location 500 feet down the street.They expected maybe a few dozen people to show up, but to their surprise, over 200 people lined up on the sidewa
36、lk to pass each of the stores 2,000 books to their new home. Amy Brown, one of the store s employees, said that she was astonished at so many people. “I was handing books to people without actually seeing the entire of it,” said Brown. “So it was only after about 20 minutes that I actually went out
37、into the road and saw the extent of the people.” When passing pedestrians asked what people were doing, they would join in to give a hand. Nearby restaurants even brought hot teas and coffees for the volunteers.“It was really sort of surprising and positive, and just a really moving experience to se
38、e people joining in because they wanted to help. And they wanted to be part of something bigger,Brown said. Now this small independent book store in England isnt just surviving-it is growing thanks to the city that adores its literary services.21. What led to October Books moving to a new location?A
39、. Financial difficulty.B.Government policy.C.Cultural difference.D. Business condition.22.How did the passers-by react to the “human conveyor belt”？A.They contributed their little bit to help.B.They stopped and took some pictures.C.They bought hot teas for the volunteers.D.They felt astonished and c
40、alled the local TV.23. Whats the best title of the passage?A. Booklovers Gather for Moving Books in England.B.Human Chain of People Help Move a Bookstore.C.Bookstore Gets Crowdfunding for Future Survival.D.People Feel Positive by Helping out a Bookstore.BCarl Allamby, owner of two auto-repair shops
41、with 11 employees, had become anxious, wishing for something more. At first, he thought it must have to do with growing his business even further. Therefore, the Ohio resident decided to go for his bachelors degree in business management.After taking classes part-time over the next five years, Allam
42、by was told, unexpectedly, he had to take biology to get his degree. It turned out to be the best thing that could have happened. The biology class rekindled a childhood aspiration that he had put away somewhere deep within himself. “ After the first day,I remembered this feeling of wanting to be a
43、doctor back,” Allamby says.Growing up in a poor African American neighborhood, he faced low expectations and numerous barriers to pursuing his dream. His school didnt offer the advanced science classes that might have led him on a medical path. Even if it had, doing well in school could prove unsafe
44、-students who brought books back home would always be robbed. So he set aside thoughts of becoming a doctor in favor of a more realistic career path-fixing cars.Years later, a different Carl Allamby, with the support of his wife and family, decided to skip business school in favor of the science cla
45、sses hed need for a second career as a health-care worker.And in 2015, Allamby cut ties with his past, selling his two shops and everything that was in them. Then he started at Northeast Ohio Medical University. At the age of 47,as a medical doctor, he took a job in emergency medicine at Cleveland C
46、linic Akron General.“I heard so many that say you couldnt or shouldnt be a doctor”， he says. “Whether its because of my age, my race, my upbringing, my past career-these are all good reasons why I shouldnt be here. And yet, here I am.”24.Why did Carl take business management classes?A. To hire more
47、employees.B.To get a bachelors degree.C.To better manage his two shops.D.To expand his car-fixing business.25.What does the underlined word “rekindled” mean?A.Released.B.Promoted.C.Brought back.D.Carried away.26.What kept Carl from chasing his dream?A.The robbery happened to him.B.Establishment of a
48、nother career.C. Schools inability to offer related classes.D.Low expectations from his neighborhood.27.What can we learn from the story?A. One is never too old to learn.B.Failure is the mother of success.C.A man owes his success to his family support.D.A great effort of determination is the key to success.CCan we vibrate(振动） ourselves healthy? Thats the basis behind a form of treatment called Whole Body Vibration (WBV). The idea is simple: Standing on
