1、Subject clausesWhat functions as a subject in following sentences?1. The amazing work these people do can provide education and inspiration for the next generation.2. Exploring space helps address fundamental questions about our place in the universe and the history of our solar system.3. To ask for
2、 permission before taking pictures of the local people is vitally necessary.4. Whether life on other planets does exsit yet to be proved.subject clause. 定义在主从复合句中，从当主语的从句叫主语从句How the earth came into exsitence remians a mystery to us.引导主语从句的三类连接词及其句法功能1. 连接词：that, whether（1）that在从句中不充当句子成分，也无意义，但不能省略
3、That smoking does harm to health is known to everyone.That he will succeed is certain.（2）whether在从句中不充当句子成分，意为“是否”Whether we will attend the meeting has not been decided yet.Whether life exists on other planets is not clear.引导主语从句的三类连接词及其句法功能2. 连接代词： who,what,which,whom,whose,whoever,whatever,whiche
4、ver(1) Who will bring up this boy has not been decided yet.(2) Whoever solves the problem can receive the award.(3) Whatever you do should do no harm to others.连接代词通常在主语从句中充当成分.引导主语从句的三类连接词及其句法功能3. 连接副词： when,why,where,how在从句中作状语(1)Where we live doesnt matter.(2)Why Carl didnt keep his word was obvi
5、ous.(3)When we will set off is not known.用it作形式主语常用句型1. it be +adj+that . It is clear that the girl told a lie.2.it be+名词（名词词组）+that.It is a pity that your parents didnt permit you to go hiking.3. it be +done +that It is reported that a violent earthquake happend in Japan.clear,obvious,true,possible
6、,likely,fortunate.a pity,no wonder, a good idea, a fact, good news.believed, arranged,announced,assumed表示命令，建议，请求，坚持的从句中要用虚拟语气it is ordered/commanded/ suggested / advised/ required/ requested/ insisted/ +that sb (should) doIt is suggested that people should not go on a picnic because there will be a
7、 strom today. .注意事项1. 主语从句总是用 语序Whether he will be in time for the meeting is doubtful.2. 时态和谓语动词What surprised me most was that the man was a milionaire.3. what引导的主语从句中，表语表语是名词名词时，谓语动词语动词单复数取决取决于表语于表语的单复数。What astronauts need in spaceship is oxygen.What the children starve for in the area are books
8、. 陈述陈述保持一致保持一致Applying the rules B11. The space mission went so well was beyond our expections.3.It was not clear that hw long he will stay on the space station.2.Whether they are able to grow more vegetables in space depend on how much time it takes.That thedependsis4.What the lunar probe did not l
9、and was a worry for the people back on the Earth.5.That makes the Chinese people happy is that China has successfully launched a space rocket.ThatWhat用适当的连接词填空1.It is a pity we might miss the opening scene.2.They lost their way in the forest and made matters worse was the night began to fall.3.There
10、 is mo doubt, in my opinion, that matters is not quantity, but the quality of products.4.It doesnt interest me you succeed or not.5. they will have the sports meeting is still a question, for they have so many things to do.6. we are permitted to use the library is not known.7. the author referred to in his article was unknown to the general readers.8. will be our English teacher in the new term hasnt been decided yet.thatthatwhat whatwhether when whether whatwhoThanks
