1、教学目标教学目标1.1.明确定语从句概念。明确定语从句概念。2.2.了解定语从句的引导词及其功能。了解定语从句的引导词及其功能。3.3.归纳归纳thatthat，whichwhich等特殊用法。等特殊用法。4.4.联系所学，通过训练，熟练联系所学，通过训练，熟练运用定语从句运用定语从句。5.实现合理情感转移。实现合理情感转移。 4 Natural DisastersPeriod 3 Discovering Useful Structures Para1 1) There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.Para 22) - on
2、e of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.3) Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.4) The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.Para 4
3、5) Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.6) Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Activity 1. : Perceptual learning:1)Find out the restrictive relative clauses in the text Activity 1: per
4、ceptual learning 2)Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences below.1. The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great-grandma cannot forget.2. The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted.3. The supplies which were provided t
5、o the disaster area were collected from around the country.4. Mr. Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise.5. A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador.Translate the sentences into Chinese. Think about which noun is modified by the relative
6、 clause.Discuss in groups to analyse the sentences and then find out the rules.讨论关系代词在句子中的使用规律Activity 2: Discovering, discussing and Summarizing 2. 1)Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that the mother cannot forget. 2)There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. 3)As the earth
7、 began to shake, a few people that were awake were lucky to survive, but most were asleep and didnt have time. 4)The rescue workers are the most lovely people that we will never forget.3. 1) Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bu
8、ry the dead. 2) Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.4. 1)The mother to whom her daughter turned for help felt helpless in the face of the natural disaster. 2) Do you know the man whom we saw helping the survivors in the earthquake-stricken area.5.1) The earthquake killed ov
9、er 240,000 people whose homes were in ruins. 2) The buildings whose walls had cracks were no longer safe for people to live in.1. 1) Tangshan earthquake was one of the most catastrophic ones which caused great damage to the whole city.2) The shocking news which the reporters received this morning ma
10、de everyone heartbroken.1. Tangshan earthquake was one of the most catastrophic ones which caused great damage to the whole city. The shocking news which the reporters received this morning made everyone heartbroken.which 在定语从句中作主语在定语从句中作主语（在谓语动词前）或宾语（在谓语动词前）或宾语（在谓语动词或介词后），（在谓语动词或介词后），先行词为物，不是人先行词为物
11、，不是人主语指代主语指代earthquakesearthquakesreceivereceive的宾语的宾语Activity 2: Discovering, discussing and Summarizing 2. As the earth began to shake, a few people that were awake were lucky to survive, but most were asleep and didnt have time. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. The rescue w
12、orkers are the most lovely people that we will never forget. Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that the mother cannot forget.主语指代主语指代peoplepeople主语指代主语指代crackscracks宾语指代宾语指代peoplepeople宾语指代宾语指代experienceexperiencethat在定语从句中作主语在定语从句中作主语（在谓语动词前）或宾语（在谓语动词前）或宾语（在谓语动词或介词后），（在谓语动词或介词后），指代人或物指代
13、人或物3. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.主语指代主语指代thosethose主语指代主语指代peoplepeoplewho 在定语从句中作主语在定语从句中作主语（在谓语动词前）（在谓语动词前） 先行词先行词为人，不是物为人，不是物4. The mother w
14、hom her daughter turned to for help felt helpless in the face of the natural disaster. Do you know the man whom we saw helping the survivors in the earthquake-striken area.介词介词toto的宾语，先行词为的宾语，先行词为mothermother动词动词seesee的宾语，的宾语，先行词为先行词为manmanwhom 在定语从句中作宾在定语从句中作宾语（在谓语动词或介词后）语（在谓语动词或介词后） 先行词为人，不是物先行词为人
15、，不是物5.The earthquake killed over 240,000 people whose were in ruins. The buildings whose had cracks were no longer safe for people to live in.whose 引导的定语从句先行词既可以是人，也可以是物，引导的定语从句先行词既可以是人，也可以是物，限定两个名词之间的所属关系限定两个名词之间的所属关系,whose不能独立使用，不能独立使用，whose+名词名词, 可与可与of which 互换互换 peoplespeoplesThe walls of the b
16、uildings The walls of the buildings 我认识一个人，他的儿子在牛津大学读书。（这个人的儿子）I know a man _. 请递给我封面是绿色的那本书。（封面是绿色的）Please pass me the book _.whose son studies at Oxfordwhose cover is green the mans the cover of the book The boy was quickly taken to hospital. His legs were badly hurt. We will visit the town. I hav
17、e heard of its name. The boss had heard about the accident. Mr King worked in his company. Are there any rooms? The windows of the rooms face the sea. Practice: Combine the each pair of sentences by using whose. The boy whose legs were badly hurt was quickly taken to hospital.We will visit the town
18、whose name I have heard of.The boss whose company Mr King worked in had heard about the accident.Are there any rooms the windows of which face the sea?= Are there any rooms whose windows face the sea?Activity 3: Thinking 1先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语时，只能用that， 不能用which的情况:1) Finally, the thief handed everything
19、 he had stolen to the police. 2) He is the very man helped the girl out of the water. 3) The first English book I read was The Prince and the Pauper by Mark Twain. 4) He talked about the teachers and school he visited. 5) Who is the person is standing at the gate? 6) He is not the man he used to be.
20、 1) 不定代词 anything, nothing, much, everything,all, few, any, little为先行词时2)先行词为 the only, the very, the just或被这些词修饰时3)先行词被序数词、数词、形容词的最高级修饰时4)先行词既有人又有物时5)当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时6)关系代词在从句中作表语时Activity 3: thinking 2which 和和that同为关系代词，都可指物，同为关系代词，都可指物，在这些在这些情况下是只能用情况下是只能用which1) These books, you can get a
21、t any corner of the town will give you all the information.2) Those days in you could travel without a passport have gone.1) 在非限定性定语从句中在非限定性定语从句中2)关系代词前面出现介词时关系代词前面出现介词时Activity 3: thinking 3指代人时，关系代词既可以用指代人时，关系代词既可以用who也可以用也可以用that，这些情况用这些情况用who而不用而不用that1）先行词为）先行词为anyone，one，ones时时2）先行词为）先行词为those
22、，he时时1）Is he the one wants to see you?2）God helps those help themselves. Activity 4: Consolidation 1. Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom,or/. Then translate the sentences into Chinese.1. Here are some of the people_homes were destroyed.2. The terrible shaking of the building w
23、oke up all the people_were asleep. 3. The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything_they could find.4. Several days later, most of the buildings_had been damaged by the huricane were repaired.whosewho/thatthat/ /that/which这里有一些人，他们的房子被摧毁了。建筑物的晃动唤醒了沉睡中的人们。 第二天，人们在户外搭建庇护所，用他们能找到的
24、任何东西。 几天后，在飓风中被损坏的建筑物得以修复。 Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom,or/. Then translate the sentences into Chinese.5. The injured boy_ mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital. 6. The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by _ she was rescued.7. Is this the
25、young boy _ saved several other students trapped under buildings?whosewhomwho这个受伤的男孩被送往医院，他的妈妈在这场灾难中失踪了。 这位女子写了一封感谢信给救了她的战士。这是那个救了好几位受困的学生的男孩吗？2. Fill in the blanks with that, which, who, whose, or whom.1. A disaster is a very bad accident or a sudden event _ usually causes great damage and can ruin
26、 many peoples lives.2. The woman wanted to find and thank the firefighter _ rescued her from the fire. 3. A typhoon is an extremely strong wind _ often happens in the Western Pacific Ocean.4. The children _ parents could not be found were looked after by neighbours and friends.5. A tsunami is a very
27、 large wave _ is often caused by an earthquake under the sea.6. People to _ much is given are people of _ much willl be expected.which/thatwho/thatthat/ whichwhosethat/ whichwhomwhom3. Use a restrictive relative clause to combine each pair of sentences .1. The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman.
28、The woman s family survived the earthquake. (whose)2. The soldier will remember the rescue worker. The soldier worked with the rescue worker during the quake. (with whom) 3. The rescue workers had to walk slowly through the bricks. The bricks covered the ground. (that/which)4. My family will always
29、be thankful for the people. We received aid from the people. (from whom)5. The people lost everything in the quake. We need to help them prepare for the coming winter. (who)The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman whose family survived the earthquake.The soldier will remember the rescue worker with
30、 whom he worked duirng the quake. The rescue workers had to walk slowly through the bricks that/which covered the ground. My family will always be thankful for the people from whom we received aid. We need to help the poeple who have lost everything in the quake prepare for the coming winter. 3. Com
31、plete the passage with that, which, who, whose, or prep+whom.For peoplel _ love the sun, summer is a time of fun. But for people _ families weredestroyed by the super typhoon _ hit East China in July 2016, that summer was a time of great sadness. The floods and landslides caused by the typhoon kille
32、d 161 people, left 61 missing, and forcedthe evacuation of hundreds of thousands of pople. The victims _ the typhoon brought death or great loss were in several provinces along the Yangtze River. In the months _ passed since then, much has been done to make things better and help thousands of people
33、 _ homes were destroyed, althoughthe sadness will never leave those _ summer now marks the death of a loved one.whowhosethat/ whichto whomthat/ whichwhosefor whom1) Add more information to the passage by using restrictive relative clauses that answer the questions in brackets. Tornadoes are strong w
34、inds (What kind of winds are they?). It is not easy to know where they will go, so it can be difficult to warn people (Who should be warned?). In order to learn more about how tornadoes form and move, some brave researchers (What is their job?) do what most of us would not. They chase storms in orde
35、r to collect more detailed information first hand. Of course, the researchers have special equipment (What kind of equipment?), but they need to get close enough to use it and still keep safe from the danger.Activity 5: ApplyingTornadoes are strong winds_ It is not easy to know where they will go, s
36、o it can be difficult to warn people _ In order to learn more about how tornadoes form and move, some brave researchers_ do what most of us would not. They chase storms in order to collect more detailed information first hand. Of course, the researchers have special equipment _ but they need to get
37、close enough to use it and still keep safe from the danger.Tornadoes are strong winds (What kind of winds are they?). It is not easy to know where they will go, so it can be difficult to warn people (Who should be warned?). In order to learn more about how tornadoes form and move, some brave researc
38、hers (What is their job?) do what most of us would not. They chase storms in order to collect more detailed information first hand. Of course, the researchers have special equipment (What kind of equipment?), but they need to get close enough to use it and still keep safe from the danger. that can c
39、ause great damage. who might be in danger/who may be affected. whose job is to explore the causes of tornadoes/whose job is to study tornadoes which can record detailed information,Activity 6: Applying 2) Free Talk:Work with a partner. Take turns to ask each other about the pictures. Make sentences
40、with the restrictive relative clauses using that, which, who, whose or whom.Where is the city that ?Who is the woman who/thatWho is the baby who/thatWhere is the woman who/that is the babys mother?Who gives the milk that/which?For example:One possible version:Where is the city that ?The city that wa
41、s struck by the earthquake is Tangshan.Who is the woman who/thatThe woman who/that is feeding the baby is a volunteer doctor who has been worked there for more than a week.Who is the baby who/thatThe baby who/that survived the earthquake is a villagers child.Where is the woman who/that is the babys
42、mother?The woman who/that is the babys mother is badly injured and in the hospital.Who gave the milk that/which?A warm-hearted woman gave the milk that/which is drunk by the baby.Where is the place that/which?Who are the soldiers who?Who are the people whose ?What are the things that/which?What can this dog that /which do? Activity 6 Homework1.Write down the sentences with the restrictive relative clauses used to describe picture 2 and 3.2.Try to find some ways to survive when in an earthquake with the help of a library or the Internet.
