1、Unit 3 Environmental Protection B卷 能力提升2021-2022学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册单元测试AB卷第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHappy Campers Summer Retreat As a parent, your childs health and happiness are the most important things to you, which can be difficult to ac
2、hieve. The Happy Campers Summer Retreat was developed to help parents with this challenge. Founded in 1998 by Michael Gibson, our summer camp is open to children during the holidays, from May to September. We look after lots of children every single year. Our camp is based in the Colorado Mountains,
3、 and it offers a lot of different activities for children. Our program helps improve: Physical fitness Problem-solving skills Social skills Sports ability and experience The Happy Campers Summer Retreat can benefit all children. Some children are good at school, but rarely active. Our program will h
4、elp encourage an interest in sports. Other children are mainly interested in sports. These children will not only play sports, but will also learn new skills, such as teamwork skills, social skills, and communication skills. Children will also have the chance to try new activities. Our program is de
5、signed to help develop a complete and fully active child. At very affordable prices, our program is available to any family in America. Your childs stay can be as short as a week or as long as six weeks. Why not call us today or click here to join our camp? Take action now and give your child this g
6、reat chance!1. How long does the camp last every year?A. One week.B. One month.C. Six weeks.D. Five months.2. What can a child learn from the camp?A. How to deal with people.B. How to choose a strong team.C. How to avoid physical problems.D. How to stay interested in something.3. What is the purpose
7、 of the text?A. To describe the history of the camp.B. To compare the camp with other activities.C. To tell parents about the benefits of outdoor activities.D. To encourage parents to send their children to the camp.B As global temperatures rise, trees around the world are experiencing longer growin
8、g seasons, sometimes as much as three extra weeks a year. All that time helps trees grow faster. For the past 100 years, trees have been experiencing fast growth in mild areas from Maryland to Finland, to Central Europe, where the growth rate of some trees has even sped up by nearly 77% since 1870.
9、Supposing wood were just as strong today, those gains would mean more wood for building, burning, and storing carbon captured from the atmosphere. But is wood reallyas dense(茂密的) as it used to be? Hans Pretzsch, a forest scientist at the Technical University of Munich in Germany, and his colleagues
10、wanted to find an answer. They carried out a study of the forests of Central Europe. They started with small pieces of experimental land in southern Germany, some of which have been continuously monitored since 1870. Pretzsch and his team took core samples (样品) from the trees which included Norway s
11、pruce, sessile oak, European beech, and Scots pine and analyzed the tree rings using a high-frequency probe. They found that in all four species, wood density had decreased by 8% to 12%. We expected a trend of the wood density like this, but not such a strong and significant decrease, Pretzsch says.
12、 Increasing temperatures, and the faster growth they spur, probably account for some of the drop. Another factor, Pretzsch says, is more nitrogen in the soil from agricultural fertilizer and vehicle exhaust. Previous studies have linked increased fertilizer use to decreased wood density. Above all,
13、the study suggests that the higher temperatures combined with pollution from car exhaust and farms are making wood weaker, resulting in trees that break more easily and wood that is less durable. I am getting worried, says Richard Houghton, an ecologist at the Woods Hole Research Center in Falmouth,
14、 Massachusetts, who was not part of the new study. As the density of the samples dropped, so did their carbon content. That means forests may suffer more damage from storms and may be less efficient at soaking up(吸收) the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) than scientists think, Houghton says.1.Para
15、graph 1 is written to _.A.prove an ideaB.introduce the topicC.give an exampleD.describe a fact2.What does the study show?A.Farming slows trees growth.B.More areas are covered with forests.C.Climate warming changes the quality of wood.D.Pollution leads to higher temperatures.3.What does Richard Hough
16、ton mean?A.Great loss might be caused.B.Storm damage can be prevented.C.The size of forests might be increased.D.Less greenhouse gases can be sent out.4.What is the best title for the passage?A.We only have one earthB.Trees our best friendsC.The influence of climate changeD.Trees are growing faster,
17、 but weakerC California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s,according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素). The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the
18、new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 per
19、cent. Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big t
20、rees for resources(资源). But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development. The loss of
21、big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature
22、, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt(融雪). Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during
23、the dry season.1. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.B. The increasing variety of California big trees.C. The distribution of big trees in California forests.D. The influence of farming on big trees in California.2. Which of the following is w
24、ell-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?A. Ecological studies of forests.B. Banning woodcutting.C. Limiting housing development.D. Fire control measures.3. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?A. Inadequate snowmelt.B. A longer dry season.C. A warmer climate.D. Damp
25、ness of the air.4. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Californias Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California SoonC. Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?D. Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in CaliforniaD I just go
26、t back from an extraordinary trip to the Arctic North of Norway, and I felt excited and alarmed at the same time. I knew before I went there that the Arctic was the centre of global warming, but seeing the changes first-hand is haunting. There is one scene I will never forget. It came just a few day
27、s into the trip. I was on board the ship National Geographic Endeavor, and was halfway between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole. I had never been so far north or in a more remote place on Earth. But I was in good company. The Aspen Institute had invited 100 politicians, scientists, businessmen,
28、religious and labor leaders to see the impacts of global warming with their own eyes. One day, we had the electrifying experience of watching polar bears play on the ice. We tend to think of the Arctic as an expanse of white, but it isnt. The sea is dark. The pack ice comes in deep, beguiling blues.
29、 Polar bears are yellowish. And all of these colors pop against a steely grey sky. On one ice sheet, we saw two polar bears, their furs covered with red from a just completed dinner. One was moving in and out of the water; the other was busy eating the seal. Off to the side, a smaller bear peaked ov
30、er the ice with its black snout(鼻子), waiting for the big ones to get off the kill so it could go over to the remains. All three bears seemed powerful and vibrant. But later, we sailed passing an island where a polar bear sat on the shore, stranded because the sea ice had receded so far from shore. T
31、his bear will not eat until next winterit simply cannot hunt without the ice. Polar bears can survive for long stretches without eating, but seeing that lone bear brought home just how dependent these iconic creatures are on sea ice. Scandinavians, after all, call them the Ice Bear. I have read enou
32、gh climate reports to know that with summer sea ice disappearing at alarming rates, the bear I saw stranded that day is one of many. Now I have a permanent memory of what a hungry, stranded bear looks like.1. What does the underlined word haunting most probably mean?A. Surprising.B. Exciting.C. Fasc
33、inating.D. Unforgettable.2. From the second paragraph we can infer that the people on the journey _.A. were experts at global warmingB. came from all walks of lifeC. had been to the Arctic beforeD. were mostly adventurers3. What is these peoples aim to Arctic?A. To do some research on global warming
34、.B. To witness the influence of global warming.C. To experience the beautiful sight of global warming.D. To see the various animals face to face.4. What did the two bears they saw look like?A. Their furs were red in colour.B. There was blood on their furs.C. They were very hungry.D. They seemed blac
35、k all over.第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Solutions to Climate Change There are personal lifestyle changes that you can make and that, to some extent, can help reduce your carbon impact. Not all are right for everybody. But applying just a few of them could make a
36、 difference. Move closer to work. Transportation is one of the leading sources of greenhouse gas emissions._ One way to dramatically cut transportation fuel needs is to move closer to work, use mass transportation, or switch to walking, cycling or some other modes of transport that does not require
37、anything other than human energy. Consume less._ Whether by quitting an automobile or employing a reusable grocery sack, cutting back on consumption results in fewer fossil fuels being burned to extract, produce and ship products around the globe. _ A potentially simpler and even bigger effect can b
38、e produced by doing more with less. Citizens of many developed countries are energy-wasters, whether by speeding in a gas-wasting vehicle or leaving the lights on when not in a room. Similarly, employing more efficient refrigerators, air conditioners and other appliances can cut electricity bills._
39、You can turn the lights or your computers off when you leave the office. Stop cutting down trees. When purchasing wood products, such as furniture or flooring, buy used goods or, failing that, wood proved officially to have been sustainably harvested. The Amazon rainforest and other forests are more
40、 than the lung of the earth. _A.Be energy efficient.B.Use few electrical appliances.C.But it doesnt have to be that way.D.Such efforts can also be usefully employed at work.E.They may also be humans short-term hope for limiting climate change.F.The easiest way to cut back on greenhouse gas emissions
41、 is simply to buy less stuff.G.Citizens spend more money on electricity to power devices when theyre off than when theyre on.第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Since the age of three, Chelsie Hill had dreamed of becoming a dancer. However, her 1
42、 nearly ended in 2010. A car accident left her paralyzed (使瘫痪) from the waist down. For most people, that would have 2 any hope of a (lancers dancing career. For Hill, it was the beginning. 3 Hill did it, rolling her wheelchair right alongside her high school dance team. It feels as if half of my bo
43、dy were 4 from me, and I have to move it with my hands, Hill said. But its not easy to do it. It definitely took a lot of 5 and patience. After graduation, Hill wanted to 6 her dance network to include women like her. She began to meet people online who had suffered similar injuries. Then in 2014, H
44、ill moved to Los Angeles and formed a team of dancers with disabilities called the Rollettes. I want to 7 the stereotype (刻板印象) of wheelchair users and show dance is dance, whether youre walking or youre 8 . In disabled dance competitions, her team danced to the popular tunes, 9 their upper bodies,
45、shaking their heads to the special beats and 10 their wheelchairs in well-timed, highly designed routines. They were having fun, and as the audience exuberant (热情洋溢的) reactions showed, the fun was 11 . Hill has attained what many of us never will obtain: her childhood 12 . Shes a dancer. And the Rol
46、lettes have helped her find something else just as13.Every year she holds a dance camp for other wheelchair users to help them find their inner 14 . For participants, it was the first time theyd felt 15 .1.A. effect B. reputationC. ambition D. performance2.A. aroused B. exposedC. destroyed D. seized
47、3.A. Similarly B. ActuallyC. Necessarily D. Previously4.A. tom down B. taken awayC. picked up D. cut down5.A. wisdom B. prayingC. intelligence D. learning6.A. mix B. expandC. narrow D. simplify7.A. call off B. bring inC. break down D. carry on8.A. rolling B. drivingC. lying D. standing9.A. bearing B. freezingC. rocking D. fueling10.A. lifting B. operatingC. stretching D. guiding11.A. vain B. plainC. temporary D. infectious12.A. experience B. dreamC. memory D. education13.A. demanding B. toughC. meaningful D. flexible14.A. strength B. beautyC. label D. weakness15.A.
