1、_(throw) tomatoes at each other is what people do at the festival.ThrowingLa Tomatina People _(stand) in the trunks will give the signal to start the festival.standingThe number of people _(take) part in this tomato fight can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very _(excite) fight _(last) for a whole h
2、our.takingexcitinglastingThe man _(lie) on the ground was laughing even though he was “attacked” by tomatoes thrown by strangers. _(stand) in the river of tomatoes is nothing compared with the joy the fight brings.lying StandingLa Tomatina is a festival _(take) place in the Spanish town Bunol every
3、August. I think many food festivals are _ (bore) because people are just eating. However, this festival is _ (interest) because people dont actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, _(throw) tomatoes at each other is what people do at the festival.The number of people _(take) part in this tomato fight can
4、 reach up to 20,000, and it is a very _(excite) fight _(last) for a whole hour. The _(amaze) thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. This is because the juice from tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!takingboringinterestingthrowingtakingexcitingl
5、astingamazing表语表语定语定语主语主语1. 定义定义系动词后面系动词后面(be动词、动词、become和感官动词，变化和感官动词，变化)2. 区别区别-ing和和-ed1. The performers performance was so _ that we were all _ in it. (interest)2. Hearing the _ news, he wore a _ expression/look.(puzzle)interestinginterestedpuzzlingpuzzled-ing使别人觉得怎么样使别人觉得怎么样-ed自己觉得怎么样自己觉得怎么样See
6、ing is believing.What he said is embarrassing.他的话令人尴尬。他的话令人尴尬。V-ing形式作表语形式作表语V-ing形式作定语形式作定语1. 位置位置2. 区别区别-ing/-ed相当于形容词，置于相当于形容词，置于n前面前面相当于定语从句，置于相当于定语从句，置于n后面后面a waiting roomA boy sitting at the back of the classroom is Jack. =who sits at the back of the classroom is Jack. a waiting boya waited bo
7、ya professor followed by a studenta professor following a student-ing表示表示v和和n是主动关系是主动关系-ed表示表示v和和n是被动关系是被动关系1表用途Who is my nephew?The boy standing besides me is my nephew.1. China is a _ country, while Germany is a _ one. develop2. Oh! Be careful of the _ water, or you may get burned. Why not have a
8、cup of _ water first? boil3.For me, autumn is a poetic season when _ leaves are dancing in the sky and the ground is covered with _ leaves. fallboilingboileddevelopingdeveloped fallingfallen-ing表示动作正在进行表示动作正在进行-ed表示动作已经完成表示动作已经完成2_ tomorrow will be _ now is_ yesterday was3. 区别区别-ing/-ed/to doThe mee
9、tingto be heldbeing heldhelda success.-ing表示动作正在进行表示动作正在进行,被动要变成被动要变成being done-ed表示动作已经完成表示动作已经完成to do表示动作将要进行表示动作将要进行3The next guest to arrive is Wang Peng.The student being scolded is the Jack.1）整个动名词）整个动名词词组词组直接置于句首主语的位置上。直接置于句首主语的位置上。 !: be + adj结构中变成Being+adj 被动结构要变成Being done1. _ (have) a bal
10、anced diet is beneficial to health.2. _ (absorb) in the job is her secret to success.3. _ (look) makes people disturbed.4. _ (lose) his job made it harder for him to support himself.Being looked down uponBeing absorbedHaving LosingV-ing形式作主语形式作主语1._ makes the student _ interest in his studies.A. Bei
11、ng punished, to lose B. Punished, loseC. Being punished, lose D. Punishing, lose2. -What made you so upset? -_ alone in the store.A. Being left B. Leaving C. To be left D. Left2）形式主语it，把真正的主语V-ing结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词It is + no + n Its no use crying over spilt milk.good/use/fun doing It i
12、s + useless/useful/worthwhile doing !: Its important/ necessary/ advisable/essential to do 3) 在there be no doing 结构中，相当于“是不的”： a. There is no hiding of evil but not to do it 若要人不知，除非己莫为。 b. 不容否认，他是这一领域的专家。 _ c. 辩论英语是否值得学习是毫无意义的。 There is no point (in) _ _. is worth learning. There is no denying that
13、 he is an expert in this field.arguing whether EnglishThink about what we have learned! Any confusing points?V-ing形式作状语形式作状语1. His father died, leaving his family even worse off.2. Hearing the news, he cried bitterly. 3. Having lost his job, he had to struggle to make a living.4. He rushed into the
14、classroom laughing aloud.5. He joined in the battle, hoping to rid the world of wars.1. 定义：定义：从原因、结果、时间、目的等方面对主句进行解释从原因、结果、时间、目的等方面对主句进行解释或限制。或限制。时间状语时间状语结果状语结果状语原因状语原因状语伴随状语伴随状语目的状语目的状语1. “We cant go out in this weather”, said Bob, _ out of the window. look2. Though _ money, his parents managed to
15、send him to university. lack3. _ a proper explanation, all the students worked out the difficult questions. given4. _ in the queue of half an hour. Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. wait5.European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world.m
16、ake6. _ what to do next, we went to the teacher for help. not, knowlookinglackingHaving been givenHaving waitedmakingNot knowing7. Hearing the sad news, _. A. tears came into his eyes B. his eyes were filled with tears C. his face turned pale D. he couldnt help crying out8. _ , so I had to look afte
17、r her. A. Being seriously ill B. My mother was seriously ill C. To be seriously ill D. Having been seriously ill DB1. _ the course difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. find2. _ in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. walk3. _ the news, she burst into tears. hear4. _ in the ea
18、rly 20th century, the school still looks still in a good shape. found5. _ in English, the book is easy to read. writeFindingWalkingHearingFoundedWritten-ing表示和主语表示和主语主动关系主动关系-ed表示表示和主语和主语被动被动关系关系13. _ afraid, she keeps looking around. feel3._ many times, he finally understood it. tell4. _ the homewo
19、rk, she left the classroom and went to the playground. finish5. _ the homework, she had to stay in the classroom. finishHaving been toldFeelingHaving finishedNot having finished-ing表示和句子的谓语动词（几乎）同时发生，或之后表示和句子的谓语动词（几乎）同时发生，或之后having done表示表示先于先于谓语动词发生谓语动词发生2Read the following sentences, and tell whic
20、h ones are wrong.1. Walking through the park, I saw some lovely flowers.2. Walking through the park, the flowers looked beautiful.3. Running into the house, the boy shut the door.4. Running into the house, the door was shut after the boy.(w)(w)V-ing形式其他特殊用法形式其他特殊用法Generally/frankly/strictly speaking
21、,Judging from(由判断), Considering考虑到, (eg) Considering the bad weather, the sports meeting is canceled/called off.Supposing假设，(eg) Supposing you read one page more everyday, you will find some difference in you view.providing 假如的话(eg) You shall get the iphone 6s providing/if you can win the first plac
22、e.1. It rained heavily in the south, _ serious flooding in several provinces. cause2._ at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. look3. _ by his strange behavior, he screamed and ran away. astonish4. _ the exam day and night, he finally got satisfying scores. prepare5. _ what
23、 to do, he kept asking his friends for advice. know8. The lawyer listened with full attention, _ to miss any point. try 9. _ about the robbery in the bank, he left his valuables at home. warncausingLookingAstonishedHaving preparedNot knowingtrying not Having been warnedV-ing 作状语、定语除了在语法作状语、定语除了在语法填空
24、中使用，还有什么用途呢？填空中使用，还有什么用途呢？a. 听到这个消息，她哭着跑了出去。(hear, run, cry)On/Upon hearing the news, she ran out crying.b. 他拿出书本，盯着书的封面看，想知道为什么杰克不愿意把这本书借给他。(take out, stare at, wonder)He took out the book and stared at the cover, wondering why Jack was unwilling to lend the book to him.c. 躺在草坪上，看着满天繁星的夜空，他不禁哼了起来，想
25、着他的美好童年。(lie, look at, hum, think about/recall)Lying on the grass and looking at the starry night, he cant help thinking about his sweet childhood humming.主要动词作谓语，次要动词做伴随状态。主要动词作谓语，次要动词做伴随状态。Describe the picture with V-ing used as object (1)2. The cat is fond of _1. It seems that the cat enjoys _ ve
26、ry much.drinking beer.3. The cat doesnt care about_watching TV.becoming fat.1.The dog dreams of _becoming a bird.2. The dog looks forward to _flying in the sky.3. We cant help _ when we see the dog having such a dream.laughingDescribe the picture with V-ing used as object (2)2. 含有介词 to 的短语动词接 -ingpa
27、y attention to盼望 注意习惯于导致，通向致力于坚持反对开始做某事对作出贡献(insist on) look forward tobe / get used tolead to devote to stick to object to get down tomake contributions to4. allow permit forbid advise doing sth. sb. 3.介词+-inge.g. have difficulty / trouble ( in ) doing.Sb be allowedpermittedforbiddenadvisedto do st
28、h.to do sth._ is not allowed !No smokingNo ParkingSmokingWe dont allow the man _because we dont allow _ in public.to smokesmoking5.接接-ing形式做宾语与接不定式作宾语均可形式做宾语与接不定式作宾语均可,但含义完全不同的动词但含义完全不同的动词:记得做了记得做了记住要做记住要做忘记做了忘记做了忘记要做忘记要做后悔做了后悔做了遗憾要做遗憾要做意味着意味着打算做打算做停止做停止做停下来做停下来做情不自禁做某事情不自禁做某事忍不住做忍不住做继续干同一件事继续干同一件事接
29、着干另一件事接着干另一件事 remember doing remember to do forget doing forget to do regret doing regret to do mean doing mean to do stop doing stop to do cant help doing cant help but do go on doing go on to doregret to say / tell / inform (sb) that 7. need / want / require作“需要”解时，其后必须用-ing的主动形式表示被动含义。 need / wan
30、t / require doing = need / want / require to be doneHey, boy! Your face needs washing/ to be washedbe worth doing 1. She doesnt mind _(leave) at home alone though she may feel lonely.2. Only one of these books is _.A. worth to read B. worth being read C. worth of reading D. worth reading3. She reach
31、ed the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock by the side of the path.A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest4. The computer is too slow. It maybe require _(repair).being leftto be repaired/repairingV-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语see, watch, notice, observehear, listen to feel, find+sb/sth +doing
32、have, leave, set, keep, get, catch 1. 表示感觉和心理状态的动词表示感觉和心理状态的动词 2. 使役动词使役动词,使别人使别人(做做)+sb/sth + doing3. with的复合结构的复合结构With +sb/sth +doingto dodone正在进行，主动正在进行，主动将来，将来， 不区分主不区分主/被动被动已经完成，被动已经完成，被动1. _ (她的)Being late made Mr. Hall really angry.2. I really dislike _(你) talking in such way.3. _(这个工人) Losing job made the whole family even worse off.Heryour/ youThis workersV-ing 形式的复合结构：ones doing Would you mind _sitting down for a while?my (me) 你你介意介意我我坐一会吗？坐一会吗？ /ones not doing
