1、第2讲 听力理解之段落理解课前热身【2015年上海高考真题】Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on y
2、our paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs. C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes
3、the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet. C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesnt like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of caf.B. A new brand of coffee.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achiever
4、s are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10%.B. 12%.C. 6%D. 7%.16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.B. The financial investment may increase. C. Well-paid
5、jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.【听力原文】Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.In cities all over the world, people go to cafs to relax alone or with friends. But in many cafes in Korea, you can do more than that. You can relax, and play with dogs at new
6、dog cafes. The Snoopy Caf is one of them. The dogs there are in cages around the room. First, you choose the dog. Then it comes out of its cage. You can buy food for it. The Ball House is different from the Snoopy Caf. You dont have to choose a dog at the Ball House. All the dogs sit, play, or run a
7、round while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches. You can play with all the dogs at the Ball House. Lori Chon goes to the Ball House about once a week. She likes to play with Princess, her favorite dog. She often buys food for Princess, too. Lori likes to go to the Snoopy Caf for many reasons. “I
8、love dogs” she says, “but my apartment is too small for a dog. Also, dogs dont like to be alone, and I work all day”. So when Lori needs to have some fun with the pet, she goes to the dog caf to see Princess. Dog cafes are very popular in Korea, but they are not cheap. A cup of coffee costs about th
9、ree dollars and fifty cents, but the fun is free. Questions.11. How is the Ball House different from the Snoopy Caf?12. Why does Lori like going to the Snoopy Caf?13. What is the passage mainly about?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.We are hearing a lot these days about dow
10、nshifting, so what is it? The term downshifting first appeared in 1994. It was coined by the Trans-research Institute to describe a new philosophy by which higher achievers at work chose a lower salary in exchange for a better quality of life. According to a recent study, 4 out of 10 people under 35
11、 years old are planning to downshift from stressful jobs to a slower pace of life. It is not just the dream of the young, It is also popular with 35 to 54-year old, 12% of whom are making plans to downshift, 16% hoping to down so in next 2 years.The study found that, 7% of workers had already downsh
12、ifted. Doctor Lucy Grand, a psychologist looking at the phenomenon, believes that the downshifting is a dream that more and more people want to turn into a reality. People are not satisfied with their lives, and they want to make changes. However Doctor Grand adds, that some people will hesitate, be
13、cause they dont actually believe they can make it happen, while others will rush into downshifting to discover that their dream ends up with the financial crisis. So its something that requires a lot of thought and planning to get right.Questions.14. According to the passage, what is downshifting?15
14、. According to a recent study, what is the percentage of workers who have already downshifted?16. In Lucy Grands opinion, why does downshifting require a lot of thought and planning?【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D 16. D2015年开始，介绍说明类文章题材就是上海高考的考察重点。至今，短文篇章类偏向于介绍新兴的事物题材。这种题材对于学生来说无论是词汇还是内容都不熟悉。所以难度较
15、大。文体201520162017年1月2017年6月2018年1月2018年6月介绍说明类新的宠物咖啡如何存钱紧急通知旅行注意事项人造灯光对小鼠抑郁的影响介绍名胜景点一种downshifting的生活方式Tiverton的生活新型的遥控器辩论准备方式全球贫困现状伦敦失物认领办公室【考纲解读】听力分值由以前的30分减到25分，其中篇章题由以前的2分一道减到1.5分一道；而填空题变成选择题难度不仅没有降低了，分值还由以前的1分变成1.5分一道。第二篇短文题难度较大。同样偏重介绍类说明文。短文听力考纲要求为：1.能获取话语中的事实信息；2.能根据事实信息进行简单的推断；3.能理解话语中隐含的意思；4
16、.能归纳话语的主旨大意。难点在于听得时候没有题目，不知道如何抓住重点，往往似乎都听懂了，但是题目做不对，解决这个问题的方法在于学会预测题目，在听到题目之前根据选项就预测出题目。【考点分析】以2018秋考为例，第一篇短文是“人造灯光对小鼠抑郁的影响”，第二篇短文是“全球贫困现状”。上海高考说明文一般是倾向于介绍类说明体裁，如介绍新兴事物、热点话题、新闻时事等，对于生活建议类文体倒是考察次数略少。但是好在文体是学生们熟悉的，问题又不难，所以对学生们来说是可以适应的。这次的考察除了第二篇较难，其他都比较简单。 往年的话题比较贴近学生生活，理解起来相对难度不大，近五年的趋势来看，考察对社会，外国文化，
17、经济等主题的内容越来越多。这个改变也让学生们要注意在之后的学习中，一定是实用性的考察更多。口语应用、对话理解、话题生活化、困难建议等，这都是之后学习中要注意的方向。同时也体现了上海高考题出题一直都是求新求变的特点。 知识精讲【2016年上海高考真题精析】Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the
18、questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. $1. B. $2 C. $3 D. $ 52.【参考答案】C【考查能力】细节理解【试题解析】短文中
19、提到储蓄的一种方法是The fifty-two week money challenge，具体说来即每周向账户中存入周数对应的钱。原文细节：It starts with saving an amount equaling 1 dollar in week 1, 2 dollars in week 2, 3 dollars in week 3, and continues right through the year until 52 dollars in week 52. 因此，第三周是存入3美元。12. A. Pay the bills first. B. Spend 2% of the s
20、alary on living expenses. C. Deposit $1000 every month. D. Put part of the money in a savings account.【参考答案】D【考查能力】细节理解【试题解析】根据原文 Another simple way of building some savings is by depositing as little as two percent of your monthly income into a savings account.可知：建议是人们应该每月向储蓄账户存入一部分月收入，这里B、C选项会有一定的
21、干扰性，解题时需注意提高审题仔细度。13. A. Methods of saving money. B. Saving money for family emergencies. C. The importance of saving money. D. Secrets of spending money wisely.【参考答案】A【考查能力】主旨大意【试题解析】问题是What is the speaker mainly talking about? 即短文的主旨大意，根据文首Not everyone knows clearly how to build personal savings,
22、but a savings plan started on a website has helped many put away a nice tidy sum. 及文中Another simple way of building some savings可确定本篇听力短文讲的是存钱的方法，故正确答案为A选项。Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Free education. B. A sum of money. C. Donations from a local newspaper. D. Gif
23、ts from many people.【参考答案】B【考查能力】细节理解【试题解析】问题是当地需要帮助的家庭得到了什么，由短文中At a local school a successful charity supper has been held. They made more than one thousand dollars and the local family in need got the majority of it.可知：当地家庭得到的是一笔资金。15. A. Let students in before school. B. Offer ice cream and coff
24、ee. C. Introduce a bank into the campus. D. Reduce the traffic jams around.【参考答案】A【考查能力】细节理解【试题解析】问题是学校应该做什么，听力短文中有直接说到the school should consider letting the students in to get warm before the weather gets even colder. 因此，A项正确。16. A. It lacks positive news. B. It should grow into a big city. C. It i
25、s a place worth living in. D. It remains peaceful and quiet.【参考答案】C【考查能力】态度推断【试题解析】问题是speaker对于the town of Tivaton的看法，由短文最后it remains a good place for the residents to enjoy their life.可知：这里是一个宜居之地。故C项正确。【听力原文】Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.Not everyone knows clearly how
26、to build personal savings, but a savings plan started on a website has helped many put away a nice tidy sum. The fifty-two week money challenge is simple and if it is maintained, it will result in 1378 dollars in your savings account each year. It starts with saving an amount equaling 1 dollar in we
27、ek 1, 2 dollars in week 2, 3 dollars in week 3, and continues right through the year until 52 dollars in week 52. While these are small in significant amounts, at the end of the year, you will have enough for an emergency fund, family celebration or holiday. Another simple way of building some savin
28、gs is by depositing as little as two percent of your monthly income into a savings account. The key is that before bills and living expenses start to eat away your salary, you should put aside the savings portion of your pay. Once you have reached a thousand dollars, youll find you probably have the
29、 motivation to continue to save even more.Questions:11.According to the fifty-two money challenges, how much should be put away in week 3?12.What does the speaker suggest people do with their monthly income?13.What is the speaker mainly talking about?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the followin
30、g passage. Life in the town of Tivaton is made up of both good news and bad news. At a local school a successful charity supper has been held. They made more than one thousand dollars and the local family in need got the majority of it. Many people came to the event and the family was very grateful.
31、 Yet the bad news is students have been made to wait outside before school. It has been really cold lately and the school should consider letting the students in to get warm before the weather gets even colder. In the town of Tivaton, a new ice-cream store, the Muddy Moos, is opened. Its a great pla
32、ce to get ice-cream, coffee and other food. As for the bad news, a new bank has been built. While it is good to have a bank nearby, it has also brought much more traffic. In the morning on the way to school, its horrible. There is really no space for any more new buildings in the town. Tivaton is mo
33、re and more like a big city. On reviewing these local news events, it seems Tivaton has a balance of good news and bad news. At least there is enough good news, so it remains a good place for the residents to enjoy their life. Questions:14.For the local family in need of help, what did they get?15.A
34、ccording to the speaker, what should the school do?16.What does the speaker think of the town of Tivaton?一、高考英语听力短文解题步骤1、扫读与预测（密切关注题干中的疑问词，选项中的不同点）2、记录与记忆（信号词first, but, whats more, however导引思路，表示态度）3、推理与选择（排除法，推理法）【注意】听力解题主要分为三个步骤：听前，听中和听后。听前要仔细阅读题干，抓关键词，并预测听力内容，这样听的时候可以有的放矢；听中要适当地做一些笔记，可以缩写，简写，帮助记
35、忆文章大意；听后要及时选出答案，听力主要考察的是瞬间记忆的能力，相信自己的第一感觉，除非听到新的关键词，不要轻易改动答案。二、高考英语听力短文中的关键词高考英语听力（听取信息）必记词汇1、月份12 months: Abb.January Jan. February Feb.March Mar. April Apr.May May. June Jun.July Jul. August Aug.September Sep(t). October Oct.November Nov. December Dec.2、星期Seven days: Abb.Sunday Sun. Monday Mon.Tue
36、sday Tue. Wednesday Wed(s).Thursday Thu. Friday Fri.Saturday Sat.3、交通Traffic, plane, bus, car, train, subway(underground), boat, ship, taxi, transportation, timetable, journey, speed,4、货币(钱)U. S Dollar, Hong Kong Dollar (HK), Yuan, RMB￥ , pound (), pocket change, coin, check, cash, credit card, bank
37、,5、地点（情景用语）天星餐馆（restaurant）用语：meal, menu, bill, order, tip, hamburger, sandwich, soup, dish, beer, soft drink, fully booked,等；医院(hospital)用语：take medicine, temperature, pill, headache, fever, blood pressure, waiting room, 等；宾馆(hotel)用语：single room, double room, room number, room service, check in, c
38、heck out, lift / elevator等；邮局(post office)用语：mail, deliver, stamp, envelope, telegram, postage等；机场(airport)用语：flight, take off, land, luggage, China Airline, information desk, boarding, customs, departure time, arrival,等；车站(station)用语：round trip, single trip, sleeping car, ticket, fair, conductor, 等
39、；商店(shop)用语：on sale, size, color, price, change, customer, expensive, cheap, discount, 等；学校(school)用语：exam, course, dining hall, playground, library, lab, degree, foreign language, 等。家庭（family）用语：relatives, relationship, reunion, uncle, parents, aunt, family-get-together, generation,6、节日holiday, fes
40、tival, Mid-autumn Day, May Day, National Day, Teachers Day, Childrens Day, Mother(Father)s Day, New Year, Christmas Day, Thanksgiving Day, Easter ,Halloween, Valentines Day, 天 星7、体育Basketball, football ,volleyball, baseball, tennis, table-tennis, badminton running , swimming, shooting, fishing, surf
41、ing ,skating ,rock climbing, jumping, gym, stadium,8、娱乐concert, show, exhibition, film, movie, play, theatre, museum, music, entertainment, band, chess, amusement park, nightclub, picnic, bowling,9、职业clerk , secretary, manager , boss, professor, lawyer, businessman, driver, doctor nurse, headmaster,
42、 headmistress, librarian, engineer, technician, farmer, policeman policewoman, coach,10、健康(问题)health, gain weight, lost weight, keep fit, balanced diet, smoking, Aids, Sars,11、时间Century, year, month, week, day, hour, minute, second, yesterday, today, tomorrow, weekend,At noon, morning, afternoon, ev
43、ening, night,12、科目Chinese Mathematics EnglishPhysics Chemistry BiologyPolitics History GeographyArts Music Physical Education (P E)13、国籍(nationality) Chinese, Japanese, German, French, American, Australian, Englishman, Russian, New-Zealander,Canadian, Italian, Spanish,14、主要国家、地区、城市The Peoples Republ
44、ic of China，Beijing ，The United States of America，USA ，New York，Chicago ,The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ，U.K，London ，France，Paris, Germany, Berlin, Australia, Canberra / Sydney, Japan, Tokyo, Canada ,Toronto/ Ottawa, Italy , Rome, Spain , Madrid , Russia , Moscow, Europe,15
45、、数(量)词Million, thousand, hundred, dozen, score, decade, first, second, third, forth, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, twentieth,16、科技computer, surf the Internet, technology, science, information, e-mail, download, on line, off line, clone, robot, cell phone/ mobile phone, satellite, spaceship, fax,17、
46、Clothes（衣物）:clothing , dress, suit, evening dress, jacket, shirt ,skirt, T-shirt, trousers pants, shorts, blouse, sweater, coat, overcoat, tie, socks, stockings, shoes, boots hat , cap ,uniform18、Food and drinks（食物与饮料）: hamburger, sandwich(es), bread, flour, milk, pork, beef, lamb, chicken , fish, r
47、ice, vegetable, black-tea, green-tea , coffee, black coffee, wine, alcohol, soft drinks当堂一测【2017年1月上海春考听力】Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passengers and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passengers and the conve
48、rsation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following announcement.11. A. dangerous room
