1、To review the uses and functions of the-ing formTo analyse the sentence structures and get the right answersTo make a conclusion about how to use the-ing form properlyWhat is the function of the-ing form in each sentence below?Can you express the same ideas without using the-ing form?1.As you can im
2、agine,getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.2.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.subjectpredicativeAs you can imagine,if you get burnt,it can lead to very serious injuries.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is to give fi
3、rst aid.3.It is best to place burns under cool running water,especially within the first ten minutes.4.Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary,unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.attributeadverbial It is best to run some cool water and place burns under it,especially within t
4、he first ten minutes.Use scissors to remove any clothes if necessary,unless you find that the fabric is sticking to the burnt skin.object complement5.You can protect the burnt area by covering it with a loose clean cloth.object after a prepositionTo protect the burnt area,you can cover it with a loo
5、se clean cloth.请从准确性和简洁性对以上五组句子进行对比，请从准确性和简洁性对以上五组句子进行对比，总结动词总结动词-ing形式在表意方面的功能和优势。形式在表意方面的功能和优势。动词动词-ing形式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、形容形式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。有时态和语态的变化形式。词和副词的特征。有时态和语态的变化形式。动词动词-ing形式形式主动主动被动被动一般式一般式doingbeing done完成式完成式having donehaving been done动词动词-ing形式的否定式是在前面加形式的否定式是在前面加not。1.动词动词-
6、ing形式作主语形式作主语 通常表示一种概念、习惯或经验。通常表示一种概念、习惯或经验。e.g.Learning new words is very important for me.Talking is easier than doing.注意：注意：动词动词-ing形式作主语时，如果其结构内容较长，可形式作主语时，如果其结构内容较长，可用用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词作形式主语，而将作主语的动词-ing形式后置形式后置。e.g.Its no use waiting here.动词动词-ing形式形式的基本用法的基本用法2.动词动词-ing形式作形式作表语表语 说明主语的性质、状态或内容
7、。说明主语的性质、状态或内容。动词动词-ing形式作形式作表语时，表语时，句子的主语常是表示无生命的句子的主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。引导的名词性从句。e.g.Her job is washing and cooking.Although it is tiring,she likes it.3.动词动词-ing形式作形式作宾语宾语 1)作动词作动词的宾语的宾语 e.g.To avoid being noticed,she slipped into the room.2)作作某些动词短语的宾语某些动词短语的宾语 e.g.Mary is thinking
8、of going back to New York.3)“do+限定词（如限定词（如my,some,any,the等）等）+动词动词-ing形式形式”表示表示“做做事事”。e.g.The household often does some cleaning on Saturday afternoon.4)作作介词的宾语介词的宾语 e.g.Her sister is good at learning physics.5)作作形容词形容词worth,busy等的宾语等的宾语 e.g.This book is well worth reading.4.动词动词-ing形式作形式作定语定语 1)表示被
9、修饰词的性质、作用或用途表示被修饰词的性质、作用或用途,意为意为“供供用用”，相当于介词相当于介词for短语，短语，常置于被修饰词之前。常置于被修饰词之前。e.g.a waiting room=a room for waiting 2)表示被修饰词的动作或状态，被修饰词与动词表示被修饰词的动作或状态，被修饰词与动词-ing形式形式之间是主动关系，之间是主动关系，相当于一个定语从句。相当于一个定语从句。单个单个的动词的动词-ing形式作定语时，放在被修饰词之前形式作定语时，放在被修饰词之前;动词动词-ing形式短语作定语时，则放在被修饰词之后。形式短语作定语时，则放在被修饰词之后。e.g.The
10、 girl performing on the stage has a gift for dance.常见的感官动词有常见的感官动词有:see,watch,hear,feel,smell,find,listen to,look at,notice,observe；其他动词有其他动词有:set,keep,have,get,leave,catch等等。e.g.I saw him walking in the street.I heard them singing in the classroom.They use computers to keep the traffic running smoo
11、thly.5.动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语 补充说明宾语正在进行的感官动作、心理状态或使役动作等。补充说明宾语正在进行的感官动作、心理状态或使役动作等。6.动词动词-ing形式作状语形式作状语 动词动词-ing形式作状语时，可以表示形式作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随情况让步、方式、伴随情况等。等。可以根据需要在其可以根据需要在其前加上连词前加上连词while,when,once,if,unless等等。e.g.Crossing the street,he was knocked down by a car.He fell
12、off the bike,breaking his left leg.A group of children were sitting around the teacher,playing games.Seeing those pictures,he remembered his childhood.1.The next morning he hired a boat and set out to find the well-known painter.And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds _(s
13、urround)the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears.(2020年新课标全国卷年新课标全国卷III)surrounding2.As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟模拟)and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or _(walk)through a rainforest.(2020年全国新高考年全国新高考I卷卷)3.Later,they learned
14、to work with the seasons,planting at the right time and in dry areas,_(make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉灌溉)their fields.(2020浙江卷浙江卷)walkingmakingReplace each underlined part with a suitable-ing form and rewrite the sentence as necessary.Work with a partner and summarise the different structur
15、es of the-ing form.When is each one used?1.When he got out of the bathtub,he slipped and fell on the floor.When getting out of the bathtub,he slipped and fell on the floor.2.Is there any reason why we are not going to have the first-aid training this week?3.She had been told about the risk of electr
16、ic shocks and this made her very careful while using hairdryers.Is there any reason for not having the first-aid training this week?Having been told about the risk of electric shocks,she was very careful while using hairdryers.4.Because the child was not watched carefully by his parents,he touched a
17、 hot iron and burnt his finger.5.After she had been bitten by mosquitoes,she applied some medicine to her skin.Not being watched carefully by his parents,the child touched a hot iron and burnt his finger.After being/having been bitten by mosquitoes,she applied some medicine to her skin.主动语态主动语态被动语态被
18、动语态肯定式肯定式否定式否定式肯定式肯定式否定式否定式一般式一般式doingnot doing being donenot being done完成式完成式having donenot having donehaving been donenot having been doneComplete the passage with the correct forms of the given words.What happened to Mrs Tayor?Mrs Taylor was an elderly woman _(live)alone.One day,she was in her li
19、ving room cleaning the windows,when suddenly she could no longer feel the right side of her body._(try)to walk to her sofa to sit down,she fell over onto the carpet.Then she realised that she could not get up,and that she was having troule _(breathe).livingTryingbreathingFortunately,she had her mobi
20、le phone with her,and she was able to reach it with her left hand while _(lie)on the floor.Her mobile phone _(already,set up)to call an emergency number at the push of a button,so it was easy to call for help.While attempting to talk to the operator,Mrs Tayor discovered that she could not speak._(no
21、t,hear)an answer,the operator knew that Mrs Tayor must be in trouble.Telling Mrs Tayor that everything would be OK,lyingwas already set upNot hearingshe immediately sent an ambulance.After _(arrive),the ambulance team quickly found Mrs Tayor and without delay gave he oxygen,put in an IV needle,and c
22、hecked her vital signs._(take)to the hospital and treated immediately,Mrs Tayors health was in no great danger,though she had to stay in the hospital ward.After a week,her _(frighten)experience was over,and she was allowed to go home.arrivingHaving been takenfrightening What is the function of each
23、ing form you used?Among all the structures filled in,which is different from the others?Why?Can you find more ing forms in the passage?What are their functions in the sentences?How many different structures did you use in the passage?What are they?Did you find any structure like“when/after+doing”?Af
24、ter finishing the passage,answer the following questions:You have just read about Mrs Taylors experience.Do you think she is lucky?Why or why not?Do you know any old person living alone?What is his/her life like?Discuss the following questions.1.What should people do when facing a frightening experi
25、ence like Mrs Tayors?When having a frightening experience like Mrs Taylors,people should try to get help,like she did.2.What are some risks that elderly people may encounter when living alone?When living alone,elderly people may fall or get injured,and not be able to help themselves or even call for
26、 help.3.What can we do to help prevent elderly people from taking unnecessary risks?To help prevent elderly people from taking unnecessary risks,we should make sure that their homes are easy to get around in,with handrails,ramps instead of stairs,and evenwalking surfaces.Finish the exercises on page 90.
