1、Section Using language 第一版块：重点词汇诠释第一版块：重点词汇诠释1sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的(教材原句)Hes sensitive and rather serious,which sometimes makes him appear to be a little bookish.他敏感而且相当严肃，这有时使他显得有点儿书生气。be sensitive to 对敏感be sensitive about 介意，在乎a highly sensitive electronic camera 高度灵敏的电子摄像机经典例句Dont be so sensiti
2、ve;I was only joking.不要这么敏感，我只是开个玩笑。He is very sensitive about his weight.他对他的体重非常敏感。Old people tend to be very sensitive to cold.老年人往往对寒冷很敏感。以-tive结尾的形容词：attractive adj.有吸引力的creative adj.有创造性的negative adj.消极的，否定的positive adj.积极的，肯定的objective adj.客观的subjective adj.主观的单句语法填空(1)Compared with his siste
3、r,Jerry is even more sensitive _ emotional and relationship problems.(2)He is a _(sense)and intelligent young man and I think he is fit for the job.(3)They have put up several highly _(sense)electronic cameras on the road.tosensitivesensitive2.disability n残疾，残障(教材原句)Since 1953,UNICEF has taken up an
4、 extended mission to help children in the developing world,including those living with diseases or disabilities,and those affected by rapid modernisation and environmental problems.自1953年以来，联合国儿童基金会就开始履行一项长期的使命，帮助第三世界的儿童，包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童，以及那些受到快速现代化和环境问题影响的儿童。theadj.表示一类人或抽象事物表示一类人或抽象事物the disabled残疾人
5、残疾人the beautiful美丽的东西美丽的东西单句语法填空(1)Making fun of the _(disable)is something we should never do.(2)Those with _(disable)should be treated equally.(3)I do think he has both physical and mental _(disable).(4)Only teamwork will _(able)us to pull our weight.(5)Since the accident,he has committed himself
6、to raising money for people with _(disable).disableddisabilitiesdisabilitiesenabledisabilities3.generous adj.慷慨的，大方的(教材原句)Shes usually very shy,but shes generous and never hesitates to help.她通常很害羞，但很慷慨，帮助别人从不犹豫。be generous with sth.不吝惜某物be generous to sb.对某人慷慨It is generous of sb.to do sth.某人做某事真是慷慨
7、大方generously adv.慷慨地，大方地generosity n.慷慨，大方generous常与常与of连用构成不定式的复合结构：连用构成不定式的复合结构：It is generous of sb.to do sth.，可用于这一句型的表示人的品质的形容词，可用于这一句型的表示人的品质的形容词还有：还有：friendly,silly,clever,foolish,kind,wise等。等。单句语法填空(1)These volunteers are very generous _ the old men.(2)The graduate is very generous _ his tim
8、e in helping others.(3)It is generous of you _(lend)your portable computer to me.(4)Thank you for contributing _(generous)to the scholarship fund.(5)He accepted his apology with great _(generous).towithto lendgenerouslygenerosity4.hesitate v.犹豫，迟疑(教材原句)Shes usually very shy,but shes generous and nev
9、er hesitates to help.她通常很害羞，但很慷慨，帮助别人从不犹豫。(1)hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事；不愿做某事hesitate about/over(doing)sth.(做)某事犹豫不决(2)hesitation n.犹豫，迟疑without hesitation 毫不犹豫地have no hesitation in doing sth.很乐意做某事We are at your service.Dont hesitate to turn to us if you have any further problems.我们随时为您服务。如果您还有问题的话，
10、不要犹豫向我们求助。The Mullers gave their phone number to the street people without hesitation and told them to phone anytime.穆勒夫妇毫不犹豫地把电话号码给那些街上(需要帮助)的人，并告诉他们可以随时打电话。单句语法填空/完成句子(1)In the event of difficulties,please do not hesitate _(contact)our Customer Service Department.(2)When the girl entered the room,
11、the boy followed without _(hesitate).(3)她毫不犹豫地接受了我的提议。She _ accepting my offer.(4)只要你考虑清楚了，就不要犹豫你的决定。Dont _ your decision once you think it over.to contacthesitationhad no hesitation inhesitate about5.assistance n帮助，援助(教材原句)In China,volunteers are also playing an increasingly important role in envir
12、onmental protection,disability assistance and many other fields.在中国，志愿者在环境保护、残疾人救助及许多其他领域也正发挥着越来越重要的作用。(1)come/go to sb.s assistance 来/去帮助某人with the assistance of.在的帮助下(2)assist(sb.)in doing sth.帮助(某人)做某事assist sb.with sth.在某事上帮助某人(3)assistant n.助理，助手In this letter,I would like to convey my sincere
13、appreciation to you for your assistance.对于您的帮助，我想在这封信中表达对您衷心的感谢。I swam to Dad quickly and assisted him in climbing onto the hull(船壳)of the boat.我迅速地游向父亲并帮助他爬上船。You will be required to assist Professor Smith in preparing a report.你需要协助史密斯教授准备一份报告。即学即练单句语法填空(1)I will assist you in _(solve)the difficul
14、t problem.(2)They are appealing to the world community to come to Jordons _(assist).一句多译一组护士协助医生施行手术。(3)_(assist sb.in doing sth.)(4)_(assist sb.with sth.)(5)_(with the assistance of sb.)solvingassistanceA team of nurses assisted the doctor in performing the operationA team of nurses assisted the do
15、ctor with the operationWith the assistance of a team of nurses,the doctor performed the operation 重点重点句型解构句型解构(教材原句)As in the words which were spoken by Ryan,we need to not only donate money but also get new ideas.正如瑞安所说，我们不仅需要捐款，而且需要获得新的想法。(1)not only A but also B作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由B决定，即遵循“就近原则”。(2)not
16、only.but also.连接两个分句且not only位于句首时，not only后的分句要用部分倒装语序，但but also后的分句不倒装，即“前倒后不倒”。Shakespeare was not only a writer but(also)an actor.莎士比亚不仅是一位剧作家，而且是一位演员。即学即练单句语法填空/改为倒装句(1)Not only the students but also the teacher _(compete)in the sports event at the moment.(2)Not only you and I but also Peter,th
17、e top student in our school,_(be)unable to resolve the problem.(3)Not only my sister but also my parents _(like)this TV play.(4)Not only _(do)the sun give us light,but also it gives us heat.(5)He not only fought against sickness,but also was able to speak French by distance learning._，but also he wa
18、s able to speak French by distance learning.(6)Mary not only speaks French,but also knows how to type._，but also she knows how to type.was competingislikedoesNot only did he fight against sicknessNot only does Mary speak French语法语法过去分词作定语过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语时的位置1前置定语一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。The pollu
19、ted water was to blame for the spread of cholera.被污染的水造成了霍乱的传播。The recovered animals will be released soon.痊愈的动物会很快被释放。(1)有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。There are few tigers left.It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dyin
20、g out.剩余的老虎不多了，是相关当局采取措施保护它们免遭灭绝的时候了。(2)如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个分词放在被修饰词的后面。Is there anything unsolved?还有什么没解决的吗？2后置定语过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。Last Tuesday in a mountainous area,there were a total of 173 sheep killed(which were killed)almost im
21、mediately when lightning struck.上周二在一个山区，当雷击发生时有173只羊即刻被雷电击死。即学即练单句语法填空(1)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)_(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern architects and engineers.(2)The witnesses _(question)by the police just now gave very different descriptions o
22、f the fight.句型转换(3)He is a teacher loved by his students.He is a teacher _ by his students.(4)The girl,who was brought up by her uncle,has begun to work now.The girl,_ by her uncle,has begun to work now.builtquestionedwho is lovedbrought up二、过去分词作定语时的意义1及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示
23、时间性。Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof.(表被动)卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气装在车顶上的大袋中。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.(表被动和完成)会上提出的计划将很快被执行。2不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。Our retired soccer coach went to watch us play a game last week.上周我们已退休的足球教练去看我们打了
24、一场比赛。The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning.早上已升起的太阳正明亮地照耀着。即学即练选择填空过去分词作定语有三种情况：A只表被动B只表完成C既表被动又表完成请判断下列句子中加黑部分属于哪种情况(1)America is a developed country._(2)I found it hard to understand the English spoken by the native villagers._(3)Is there anything planned for the weekend？_BAC三、过去分词与现在分词
25、作定语的区别As we all know,China is a developing country.众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。The visitor came from a developed country.这位游客来自于一个发达国家。意义形式语态时态过去分词被动完成现在分词主动进行即学即练单句语法填空(1)Even though it is still in summer,there are many _(fall)leaves on the ground.(2)Nowadays there are a lot of man-made satellites _(fly)in spa
26、ce.fallenflying四、过去分词、现在分词的被动语态与动词不定式的被动语态作定语的区别The building built last year is our teaching building.去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。The building being built now is our teaching building.现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。The building to be built next month is our teaching building.下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。意义形式语态时态done被动完成being done被动进行to be
27、done被动尚未发生单句语法填空(1)The cars being _(sell)at the market now are made in Guangzhou.(2)Tsinghua University，_(found)in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.(3)There are still many problems _(solve)before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.soldfoundedto be solved.单句语法填空1The park wa
28、s full of people,_(enjoy)themselves in the sunshine.2He can walk only with the _(assist)of crutches.3The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras _(return)to our shop for quality problems.4You cannot accept an opinion _(offer)to you unless it is based on facts.5The _(puzzle)expression on his
29、face showed that the question was puzzling.enjoyingassistancereturnedofferedpuzzled6The student likes reading stories _(write)by Mark Twain.7Many _(use)computers will be sold in this market.8The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me,but there only seemed to be po
30、wders _(design)to kill snakes.9The concert _(give)by their friends was a great success.10Jim has retired,but he still remembers the happy time _(spend)with his students.writtenuseddesignedgivenspent.句型转换(用非谓语动词改写下列句子)1We must adapt our thinking to the conditions that changed.We must adapt our thinki
31、ng to _2The story which/that was written by a little boy is popular in schools.The story _ is popular in schools.3The man who had retired was much interested in painting._ was much interested in painting.4Nothing that was reported interested him._ interested him.5The student who is dressed in blue i
32、s my son.The student _ is my son.the changed conditionswritten by a little boyThe retired manNothing reporteddressed in blue.完成句子1他把那个坏杯子扔掉了，那个杯子陪伴了他三年。He threw away _，which kept him company for three years.2他是那些被邀请的人之一。He is one of those _3获取的经验很有用。The experience _ is very useful.4人们一直为汽油、煤气等燃料带来的污染担忧。People have been worried about _ like petrol and gas for a long time now.5他总是面带满意的微笑。He is always wearing a _ smile on his face.the broken cupinvitedgainedpollution caused by fuelssatisfied
