1、2021-2022年高一上学期牛津英语必修一单元三套题(词汇、语法、课文拓展填空、写作)一 词汇识记on the rocks 濒临破裂，（企业等）濒临失败，岌岌可危，（关系）陷于困境，在岩石上Ourfilmindustryisonthe rocks.Sheconfidedtohermothersixmonthsagothathermarriagewasonthe rocks.Icanseeaneaglesneston the rocks.awkward adj. 令人尴尬的，使人难堪的，难对付的，难处理的，不方便的awkwardly adv. 令人尴尬地，使人难堪地，难对付地，难处理地，不方便
2、地awkwardness n. 尴尬;难堪，不方便Youve put me in an awkward position.sight n. 视力;，视觉，看见，视力范围，视野in/within ones sight 在某人视线以内out of ones sight 在某人视线以外She has very good sight.I have been known to faint at the sight of blood.original adj. 原来的，起初的，最早的，首创的，独创的，原作的，真迹的，非复制的n. 原件，正本，原稿，原作，(复数：originals)an original
3、thinker有创意的人in the original 用原著的语言，未经翻译This painting is a copy；the original is in Madrid.The room still has many of its original features. medium adj. 中等的，中号的 n.(传播信息的)媒介，手段，工具，方法(复数：media/ mediums)a man of medium height 中等身材的人the medium of radio/television 广播/电视媒介electronic/audio-visual media 电子/视听
4、媒体social media 社交媒体There are three sizes-small, medium and large.Blood is the medium in which oxygen is carried to all parts of the body.make it 获得成功；把事情做成(比如：能够出席、准时到达)Im sorry.Icantmakeittomorrow.horrible adj. 毛骨悚然的，可怕的，极可憎恨的，令人讨厌的，极坏的(同义词：shocking, terrible, dreadful)die a horrible death 死得很惨horr
5、ible smells 难闻的气味I have never had such a horrible meal.chat n.闲谈，聊天 vi.闲谈，聊天chat room 聊天室TV chat show 电视访谈节目The customers always chat without buying anything.cafe n. 小餐馆，咖啡馆Many cafes serve pastries and snacks.recover vt. 恢复，找到，全额收回，重新获得 vi. 恢复健康I recovered the money I had lost.Jennie made a great e
6、ffort torecoverherself.She has recovered her health.I think she willrecover.When yourecover froman illness or an injury, you become well again.The stock-market index fell by 80% before it began to recover.respond vi. & vt. 回应，回答，反应，响应Eric could only respond in broken English.Your baby may respond to
7、 unfamiliar faces too.loss n. 丧失，遗失，损失，去世total loss 全部损失，总损失， 全损weight loss 减肥，体重减轻，失重loss ratio 损失率，损失比率at a loss 不知所措，困惑Imatalosswhattodonext.Detectivesare so faratalossto explainthereason forhisdeath.Allhisgoodssellat a loss.Hiscommentsleftmeatalossforwords.You have to do something to prevent the
8、ir loss, not try to replace it.judge n. 法官，鉴别家，裁判员 vt. & vi. 审判，判决，断定，认为，评价judging by. (或from) 根据.来判断judge by from appearances 由外观上判断Judge from the fact 根据事实判断You cant judge a book by its cover. He is going to judge the first race. Will you judge at the Flower Show?The prisoner was taken before the
9、judge. He was one of the judges at the horse race.in the wrong 有错误，负有责任The motorcyclist was clearly in the wrong.Its never easy to admit you are wrong.apologize vi. 道歉，赔罪，谢罪(=beg pardon, express regret )apologize for. 因.而道歉That was rude of me. I apologize.Its I who should apologize, not you.Theres n
10、o need toapologize.I apologize for being late.behavior n. 行为，规矩，品行，态度a repetitive pattern ofbehavior 重复的行为模式We apologize unreservedly for Mr Taylors incorrectbehavior.Derek criticized every aspect of Paulinesbehavior, something he had never done when they were courting.She had never had a real boyfr
11、iend before and so had no yardstick by which to compare Charlessbehavior.case n.事实，情况，病例，案件，箱子，盒子，容器 vt. 把.装入箱内，装箱brief case 公文包in any case 无论如何；不管怎样in case (of) 以防万一in that case 如果那样的话in this case 如果这样的话in the case of. 以.为例，在.方面in no case 绝不Its often the case that. 情况常常这样.Human rights groups have b
12、een closely watching thecase.The case involved charges of police corruption.We ordered 3 cases of beer for the party.The goods have been cased up for transport.Its often the case that there is no simple answer in science.frank adj. 坦白的，直率的，真诚的，公开的to be frank(frankly speaking) 坦率地说After their meeting
13、, both men described the talks asfrank, friendly and constructive.definitely adv. 明确地，确切地，一定地，肯定地The play isdefinitelyaimed at an adult audience.I definitely agree with you.Im definitely going to get in touch with these people.trick n. 戏法，诡计，技巧，恶作剧 vt . 欺骗，打扮，欺诈magic tricks 魔术戏法do the trick 成功，达到目的t
14、rick or treat 不招待就使坏hat trick 帽子戏法（指连入三球）play a trickon sb 捉弄某人，开某人玩笑dirty trick 卑鄙手段clever trick 高明的把戏，聪明的花招，熟练的伎俩We are playing a trick on a man who keeps bothering me.Thetrickboomeranged, though.let go of 放开；放走；放松；放弃；摒弃Let go of your anger/fear/doubt.The man wont let go of my arm.ignore vt. 忽视，忽略
15、，不理，对.不知 (同义词：disregard, overlook 名词：ignorance)These feelings are impossible to ignore.Such arguments ignore the question of where ultimate responsibility lies.suffer vt. 遭受，经受，容忍，承受 vi. 受痛苦，受苦难，患病，受损失，受害Vegetarians are less likely tosufferfrom obesity.suffer sth. :toexperiencesth. unpleasant, such
16、as injury, defeat or loss表示“遭受（不愉快的事情，比如伤害，失败或者损失）”。强调突然的或者一般的某一次不愉快的经历。suffer great pain 遭受很大的痛苦suffer fromsth.：tobe badly affected bya disease, pain, sadness, a lack of sth., etc.表示（因疾病，痛苦，悲伤等）受苦，受难，受折磨。强调周而复始的受到某个疾病或者苦难的折磨例如suffer from a shortage of skilled staff 缺乏熟练的员工People lived shorter lives
17、 and so they didnt get far enough into the age span to suffer from the chronic diseases(慢性疾病) that people are suffering more today.misunderstand vt. & vi. 误解，误会反义词 understand /comprehend / follow / graspI think the couple misunderstand each other.They pretend to misunderstand my complaint.contact n.
18、& vt. 接触，联系，关联，联络，沟通come into contact with. 与.接触She now avoided social contact, preferring to stay home.For tickets, contact the Hiton box office.How can my familycontactme in case of an emergency?When youcontactthese two wires, the machine will start at onceexplode vt. 使爆炸，打破，使爆发 vi. 爆发，爆炸，发作，迅速扩张T
19、he bomb was timed to explode during the rush-hour.Andrew, who was short-tempered from a sleepless night, was ready to explode.An active volcano may explode at any time.The population was still exploding.Fireworks explode over the floating Christmas tree in Lagoa Lake.Many people explode fireworks on
20、 Lantern Festival.These are the facts that explode their so-called economic miracle.辨析：explode, burst, erupt这些词均有“爆炸、爆发”之意。explode指物体爆炸而释放大量热能的一刹那。burst强调爆炸能量的突然释放和力量的突然迸发或动作的突然发生。 erupt主要指火山的爆发。generous adj. 慷慨的，宽大的，度量大的generous heart 包容心，宽容心Douglas was a complex man, thoughtful, gallant, andgenero
21、us.Thats verygenerousof you.You can know yourself to be generous, but unless you do something which displays generosity, you have nothing but a concept.count on 依赖，依靠，期望，指望count on sb/sth. （有把握地）期待、指望、依靠某人/某事count on doing sth. 指望做某事Doctors could now count on a regular salary.Ill be back. You can co
22、unt on it.I can always count on you to cheer me up.He is counting on winning seats and perhaps a share in the new government.eat away at 逐渐摧毁；逐渐侵蚀；腐蚀The sea eats away at coastlines.His illness is eating away at his income.shallow adj.浅的；肤浅的；浅薄的 (反义词: deep)I think he isshallow, vain and untrustworthy
23、.Our ship grounded in shallow water.blog n. 网志，部落格，博客Thank you for following my e betweenand 在.中间干涉、阻碍、离间I dont want this misunderstanding to come between us.Theyaregoodfriendsandnothingcancome between them.Dontletanythingcomebetweenyouandyourlisteners.in person 亲自，亲身I shall be present at the meetin
24、gin person. Most invitations are made by telephone orin person. theme n. 题目，作文，论文，主题，主旋律（同义词：subject，topic，text，issue）central theme 主题The Sports Cafe is, in truth, no more than athemerestaurant.Her business interests include athemepark.slave n. 奴隶 vi. 做苦工The story tells of a runawayslavegirl in Loui
25、siana in 1855. The pyramids were mostly built byslaves.He was a helplessslaveto his addiction. raft n. 木排，筏 vt. 以筏运送 vi. 乘筏life raft 救生筏A man poled his bambooraftacross a shallow river.Theyrafteddown the Mississippi river.high point 最高点，最有意思、最令人愉快、最好的部分The chase scene is the high point of the film.t
26、hrough thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦Ill always stand by you through thick and thin.They promised to stay togetherthrough thick and thin.His wife stuck faithfully to himthrough thick and thin.Thank you for standing by methrough thick and thin.在英语中，还有其他一些表达也能有一样的意思：*through foul and fair 患难与共Hes been a g
27、ood friend through fair and foul.*share someones joy and sorrow 分享某人的喜怒哀乐These days you need to prove you can draw crowds and own fans that are willing to follow you andshare your joys and sorrows.*stand right beside sb. 站在某人的一边I will alwaysstand right beside you.opinion n. 意见，见解，看法，(群体的)意见，观点，信仰 （复
28、数：opinions） opinion poll 民意测验，民意调查in ones opinion 在某人看来I had a higheropinionof myself than I deserved.Despite pooropinionpoll showings, the party selected him as its candidate.He is, in my pooropinion, a more handsome young man.quality n. 质量，品质，优质，特质，特征，素养，优秀，卓越 (复数：qualities) adj. 优质的，高质量的quality o
29、f life 生活质量，生命质量quality management 质量管理，品质管理，素质管理quality standards 质量标准，品质标准，质量的标准quality inspection 质量检验，质检quality guarantee 质量保证，品质保障，质量保障quality cost 质量成本，品质成本The government made great efforts to upgrade thequality of the teaching profession.Everyone can greatly improve the quality of life.These
30、shoes are made ofqualityleather.basis n. 基础，基准，原因，根据（复数：bases）on thebasisof 以 为基准Tickets will be sold on the samebasisas in previous years.On thebasisof these statistics important decisions are made.The information was used as thebasisfor decision .respect n. 尊敬，尊重，方面，重视 vt. 尊敬，尊重，遵守，重视respect priva
31、cy 尊重隐私respect for tradition 尊重传统，崇尚传统，尊重习俗in/with respect to 关于The only rules that matter are practical ones thatrespectlocals.The director had a lot ofrespectfor Douglas as an actor.get over 恢复常态，克服They held a banquet to help their visiting friendsgetoverthe shock.It took her a long time togetover
32、her cold.efficient adj. 有效率的，有能力的，有功效的（反义词inefficient / unable / incapable / incompetent）The metro(地铁) isefficientand spotlessly clean.Who wouldnt want such anefficientand far-sighted man on their side?extra adj. (作表语或定语)额外的，特别的，分外的，附加的 adv. 额外地，特别地，分外地 Extrasafety precautions are essential.Guests a
33、t this hotel can use the gym at no extra cost.He bought extra food in anticipation of more people coming than hed invited.There are extra flights to Colorado during the winter.Well give you an extra special discount for buying these goods.bring out 使显现，展现出，拿出，阐释，揭示，出版to bring out the best in sb. 使某人
34、表现出最好的品质，激发出某人最好的一面to bring out the worst in sb. 使某人表现出最差的一面,He was so shocked that he could hardlybring outa word.When will the publishersbring outtheir new books?Keep calm during the exam, and you willbringoutthe best in you.A few wordsbringoutthe image of a village girl.measure vt. 测量，度量，斟酌，估量，评估
35、 n. 措施，测量effective measure 有效措施for good measure 额外technical measure 技术措施a tapemeasure 一把卷尺in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地in some measure 在某种程度上in equal measure 在同等程度上How do we measure poverty?This measure is suited to some places, but not to others.I had bettermeasuremy words so as not to embarrass anyo
36、ne.The room measures ten meters long.Fortwoyearstheyenjoyed happinessinfullmeasureandthenJanefellill.reflection n. 反射，深思，反省，映像，反映 (复数：reflections)A healthy skin is areflectionof good health in general.On furtherreflection, I came to doubt whether I was right or not.The outer world you see is areflec
37、tionof your inner self.Reflectionof the past aims at the future.seek (sought sought) vi. & vt. 寻找，寻求，追求，试图，争取seek for 寻找，谋取seek help 寻求帮助，求助，求救hide-and-seek 捉迷藏They came here toseekshelter from biting winter winds.Many patients self-diagnose and do notseekmedical help for their symptoms.The contract
38、 willseekto define the clients obligations.escape vi. & vt. 逃跑，逃脱，没被注意，被遗忘，逃避，躲避，避开，侥幸躲过 n. 逃跑，逃脱，泄漏，逃逸，逃避escape punishment 逃避惩罚escape capsule 逃生舱，逃离舱，逃逸飞行器escape attention 逃避关注She felt there was no place where she couldescapefrom the spying eyes.Romantic novels should present anescapefrom the dull
39、realities of life.The search was delayed, allowing the murderers toescape being caught.smooth out消除、克服（困难等）She smoothed out wrinkles out of the tablecloth.Wewill beable tosmoothoutour differences.Regroupingofcountrysidewillsmoothoutmanyproblemsthat are tosettle.be meant to do sth 应该做某事，注定做某事The meet
40、ing is meant to deal with some important problems.He wasmeantto do his best by everyone. Youremeantto take your shoes off when you enter a Hindu temple. Books aremeantto be read. benefit n.利益，好处，优势，成效，救济金 vt. 使收益 vi.得益于，受益于反义词：damage / lose / loss / harm / disadvantagebenefit from 从获利/收益.It was for
41、the benefit of your company that we did that.Applications for unemployment benefits dropped last month.The new hospital will benefit the entire community.A large number of students will benefit from the new teaching fort n. 舒适，自在，安慰，慰藉，安逸，享受 vt. 安慰，慰藉，使放松 adj. comfortablecomfort letter 安慰函，告慰函comfor
42、t and convenience 舒适和便利，舒适和方便，舒适便捷If you stay within yourcomfortzone you will never improve.He returned to the comparativecomfortof his own home.She looked so sad that I bent down tocomforther.joy n. 喜悦，快乐，令人高兴的人或事 反义词：sorrow / grief / sadness / regret 近义词：pleasure/ fun /enjoymentI had moments of in
43、expressiblejoy.She shouted withjoy.The children are jumping withjoyat the thought of an extra days holiday.It is a greatjoy/delight to watch sunrise at the top of Mount Hua.failure n. 失败，未做到，未履行，故障，失灵，衰退，衰竭，不及格，失败的人或事（复数：failures）failure analysis 故障分析，失误分析，失败分析failure rate 故障率，失效速率，失误率Failure is the
44、 mother of success.If taken in large quantities, the drug can result in liverfailure.It is noteworthy that no one at the Bank has accepted responsibility for thefailure.take on 承担，具有，接受，雇用（近义词undertake,accept,obtain,receive,bear）No other organization was able or willing to take on the job.This is a
45、brief stop to take on passengers and water.Hes spoken to a publishing company. Theyre going to take him on.Idontfeel ready totakeonnewresponsibilities.Thechameleon(变色龙)cantakeonthecolorsof its background.moment n. 片刻，瞬间，时光，时机，瞬间，某个时候for the moment 现在for a moment 一会儿at the moment 此刻Im sorry; hes out
46、at themoment.The house looked as if it were going to fall down at anymoment.At no time in the day must there be an idlemoment.indeed adv. 确实，实在，真是，真正地Our new cook isindeedone in a thousand. He prepares excellent dishes.We areindeedsorry for not being able to meet your present order immediately.A friend in ne
