1、关系代词引导的定语从句whowhomwhosewhichthat关系代词的基本用法用that不用which的情况用which不用that的情况用who/ whom不用that的情况关系代词的选择关系代词引导的限制性定语从句定语从句中的主谓一致I. 限制性定语从句的概述限制性定语从句指修饰名词，打次或名词短语的从句，对所修饰的对象加以限制。从句不可去掉，一旦去掉主句意思则不完整。被修饰的名词，代词或名词短语称为先行词。引导定语从句的词被称为关系词，关系词包含关系代词和关系副词。II. 关系代词的用法关系代词替代指人和物的先行词并在主语从句中充当主语，宾语，定语等成分。常用的关系代词有who, w
2、hom, whose, which, that等。关系代词先行词关系代词在定语从句中充当句子的成分例句注意who指人主语或宾语Here comes the boy who has been looking for you for a while.He wants to find the kid who he met yesterday.作宾语时一般可省略whom指人宾语Jimmy is the person whom you need to respect.Many people, some of whom are not overweight at all, are always going
3、 on a diet or taking weight-loss pills, which are often dangerous.可省略也可用who代替，若whom前有介词，则不能用who代替。whose指人或物定语They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.which一般指物主语或宾语China is a country which has a long history.作宾语时一般可省略that指人或物主语，宾语或表语The number of people that come to visit this city
4、 each year reaches one million.作宾语时一般可省略，指人时一般可用who代替，指物一般用which代替。哪些情况用that不用which；哪些情况用who/ whom 不用that用that不用which具体细节例句先行词是anything, everything, something等不定代词时She told me everything that she knew.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时The is the most exciting game that Ive seen.先行词被only, much, little, some等词修饰时He wa
5、s the only one that could help us at the moment.用who/ whom不用that当先行词是one, anyone, anybody, everyone, someone, somebody等，或先行词为指人的those时，定语从句多用who引导The students you should learn from is the one who works hard and studies.III. 定语从句中的主谓一致问题关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词人称和数一般与先行词的人称和数保持一致。Amy is easy to recogni
6、ze as shes the only one of the women who wears evening dress.解析：当the only one of + 可数名词复数为先行词时，定语从句的谓语动词应该用单数形式。IV. 练习填空题1. On a regular day, students at the school sometimes come up to say theyre not feeling well or other times to tell him about something _ happened at break.2. As a grassroots sing
7、er, she reads everything _ she can get hold of concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself.3. Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food _ is provided by Mom with appreciation.4. The person who bought the house or moved is the one _ throws the party.5. People want to
8、listen to someone _ is interesting, relaxed and comfortable.6. They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.7. In ancient China lived an artist _ paintings were almost lifelike.8. In the caf, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environmen
9、t _ is created for them.9. The books that _ sold out in two weeks were all written by Tom.10. Im fond of the piece of music which _ played by Jenny.选择题1. We often come across some problems we cant handle in a usual way, in _case we must think creatively to solve them.A. which B. whose C. that D. wha
10、t2. That is the worst film _ Ive ever seen. A. that B. / C. whose D. A and B3. The most important thing _ we should pay attention to is the first thing _ I have said.A. which ; that B. that; which C. which ; which D. that ; that4. Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chanc
11、e of having heart disease than those _ dont.A. who, 不填 B.不填，who C. who, who D. 不填，不填5. The number of the people present, _ we had expected, was very large. A. who B. whom C. that D. as6. Our teacher said we would have a day off, _ was exactly what we wanted. A. which B. what C. it D. that7. Dont do
12、such things _ you are not sure about. A. that B. which C. as D. what8. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. whatever D. that9. The old woman will return to her hometown, _ she left 30 years ago.A. where B. what C. which D. how10. Joan is one of the best writers who _ published a lot of books. A. has B. have C. have been D. are练习题参考答案填空题1. that 2. that3. that4. that5. who6. who7. whose8. which 9. were10. was选择题1-5: ADDCD 6-10: ACAAB
