1、专题06 短文改错高频考点TOP 6 冠词考点一 单数可数名词不“裸奔”，表泛指加a/an, 表特指加the定冠词the用来限定这个冠词后面的名词是某个特定的事物，即“特指”例如：Liming went to buy the book that his teacher asked him to.（the已经被指定“老师让他买的书”）不定冠词a/an用来表示这个冠词后面的名词是指一类特定事物中的一个，但具体是哪一个并不知道。即“泛指”。1) Hello，everyone. Its nice to speak about that we can do for our school，and I th
2、ink small actions can make big difference.【答案】make后加a【解析】句意：我认为小行动能有大改变，此处应该表示泛指2) My dream is to become successful doctor【答案】become后加a【解析】句意：我的梦想是成为一名成功的医生，“医生”表示泛指3) This is the very good way of spending her free time.考点二 元音、辅音开头，a/an之间的误用a用于读音以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前。例如：apen 一支笔，abook 一本书。an用语读音以元音音素开头的字母或
3、单词前。例如：anapple 一只苹果，anorange 一颗橙子，anegg 一颗鸡蛋，anEnglish book 一本英语书。注：特殊用法1）有些单词的首字母虽然是以元音字母开头，但是，当它的读音是以辅音音素开头的时候，它前面的冠词就不能和一般元音字母开头的单词一样用an，而是应该用冠词a。例如：auseful book 一本有用的书（单词“useful”虽然以元音字母u开头，但是它的读音却是以辅音因素开头的jusfl，所以它的前面不可以用冠词an，而是要用冠词a）。2） 有的单词首字母虽然是辅音字母开头，但是当它的读音以元音音素开头的时候，它前面的冠词不能用a，而是应该用an。例如：a
4、nhour 一个小时（单词“hour”虽然以辅音字母h开头，但它的读音却是以元音音素开头的ar， 所以他的前面不可以用冠词a，而是应该使用冠词an）。1) When I grow up，I will become an useful person and make my parents lived a happy life.【答案】an改为a【解析】useful是辅音开头2) Bungee jumping is considered a good example of such a activity.【答案】a改为an【解析】activity是元音开头3) This is my first v
5、isit to a English family【答案】a改为an【解析】English是元音开头考点三 不加冠词的名词某些特定的名词前不需要冠词，具体要求如下：1专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring3表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前Lincoln was made President of America.4表示球类，棋类等运动的名词前He likes playing football/chess
6、.5与by连用表示交通方式的名词前We went right round to the west coast by _ sea instead of driving across _ continent. A. the; the B.不填；the C. the; 不填D. 不填；不填6泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词They are teachers.7抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词I know you dont like _ music very much. But what do you think of _ music in the film we saw yest
7、erday.A. /; / B. the; the C. the; / D. /; the8物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词Man cannot live without water.9有些个体名词不用冠词，school, college, prison, market, hospital, bed, table, class, towngo to hospitalgo to the hospital10不用冠词的序数词：序数词前有物主代词；序数词做副词；在固定词组中my first watchHe came first in the race.at fi
8、rst, first of all, from first to last考点四 涉及到冠词固定搭配冠词固定搭配中，经常会出现不定冠词、冠词或者零冠词误用、少用或多用的情况，需要对此短语进行识记。常见的固定搭配，如下：have a cold 得感冒with the help of 在帮助下at a blow一下子on the contrary与此相反have a holiday度假on the increase正在增加get a lift/ ride搭便车at the edge of 在的边缘as a result因此，结果in the end 最后as a rule 通常，惯例in the
9、habit of 习惯于in a hurry匆忙地in the distance在远处in a word 总之on the whole总之once in a while偶尔at the same time同时at a distance保持一定距离for the time being暂时once upon a time从前on the radio/ phone通过无线电/电话make an advantage进步on the spot在场，到场as a matter of fact事实上to tell you the truth说实话after a while一会not in the least
10、一点也不in a sense在某种意义上make the most best of充分利用in a moment立刻，一会put the blame on 归咎于at a loss困惑，不知所措in the daytime在白天for a while暂时，一时in the public向公众all of a sudden突然in the way挡路have a history of 有历史at the moment此时have an area of 有面积the other day= a few days ago几天前an understanding of懂得have/ take a rest
11、休息have a good time过得愉快go on a diet节食have a word with交谈make a living谋生4) Tom told the the doctor he had got headache and bad cough.【答案】headache前加a【解析】have a headache是固定搭配5) Teacher advised me to keep my diary【答案】my改为a【解析】keep a diary是固定搭配1. What a good news weve heard! 【答案】去掉a【解析】news为不可数名词，其前不用a2. w
12、hy is she in such such great hurry? 【答案】such后加a【解析】in a hurry为固定搭配，意为“匆忙地”3.The policeman caught me by my arm. 【答案】my改为the【解析】固定句式：hitbeatstriketakecatchsb.+inonby+the+身体的某个部位4.The man is the only animal that can speak. 【答案】The man改为Man【解析】man用单数，前在不加冠词指人类5. This dictionary is a same as the one I lo
13、st. 【答案】a改为the【解析】the same as为固搭配6. He found a job paid by an hour. 【答案】an改为the【解析】by the hour，按小时7.The sun gives us light during day. 【答案】day前加the【解析】在白天，during the day8.It is a great fun to collect coins. 【答案】去掉a【解析】fun用作不可数名词，其前不加a.一些抽象名词如surprise，pleasure，success等可以指具体的人或事，前面可以加a，而fun不能9. They h
14、ad a party after a meal that day. 【答案】第二个a改为the【解析】表示特指那一顿饭用the10. Finally she chose a bigger one of the two. 【答案】a改为the【解析】两者中较的那个，用the+比较级+of.11. Move this chair away. They are in this way. 【答案】this改为the【解析】in the way，意为“挡道”12. Did you have wonderful time at the party? 【答案】have后加a.【解析】have a.time，
15、度过一段时光13.He is a honest young man. He never tells lies. 【答案】a改为an【解析】honest读音以元音开头14.Alexander Graham Bell invented telephone in 1876. 【答案】telephone前加the【解析】发明物前加定冠词15. Professor Wang was elected the president of the college. 【答案】去掉第一个the【解析】表示头衔的名词作表语、同位语或补足语时，前面往往不带冠词16. what surprised us most was
16、 that the blind girl played piano so well. 【答案】piano前加the【解析】乐器前加定冠词17. China has changed so greatly since eighties of the twentieth century. 【答案】since后加the【解析】某世纪的几十年代前加定冠词18. Many people dream of walking in the space like astronauts one day 【答案】去掉the【解析】space表示太空时，其前不带冠词19.Lets do the experiment t
17、he third timeMaybe well succeed this time 【答案】the改为a【解析】再一次，又一次a third time20.In spring of 1992，he paid a visit to the south of china【答案】spring前加the【解析】一年四季前往往不带冠词，如果特指某一年的某个季节，需加定冠词。【甘肃省天水市第一中学2019届高三上学期一轮复习第二次质量检测】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，
18、并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Is it all right students carry smart phones all the times? The opinions about that varies from person to person. Those for that think it is convenience for them to contact others, especially it is necessary in emergency.Those like that, how
19、ever, think students are not supposed to. In their opinion, some students cant resist a temptation to play games and watch something improper for them at improper time, wasting their precious time they should spend studying and taking sports. Besides, to playing games may cost them too many. As far
20、as Im concerning, students should value their studies, and safety more than other things. As for relaxation, we would better do what is beneficial for both mind and body.【答案】1. right 后加that 2.times-time 3. varies-vary 4. conveniences-convenient5. like-against 6. a- the 7. piaying前to去掉 8. many-much9.
21、 concerning-concerned 10. would-had【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，文章讨论了学生是否应该一直带着手机的话题，赞同的人认为这样非常方便，在遇见紧急情况时可以及时了解情况；反对这一做法的人认为使用手机会影响学生的健康和学习。第三处：考查主谓一致。句意：关于这件事情的观点每个人都不一样。本句主语是复数名词the opinions，谓语动词也应该使用复数形式与之一致，所以要把varies改为vary。第四处：考查形容词。句意：那些支持的人认为联系学生们很方便。句中应该用形容词与系动词is连用，构成系表结构。所以要把名词convenience改为形容词conveni
22、ent。第五处：考查上下文串联。第一段最后一句解释支持的观点，本句中介绍反对的观点，要用介词短语against that作定语修饰those，所以要把like改为against。第六处：考查冠词。句意：在他们看来，一些学生无法抵制玩游戏.的诱惑。句中名词temptation后面有定语修饰，应该使用定冠词the表示特指。所以要把a改为the。第七处：考查动名词。句意：而且玩游戏也许会花掉他们太多钱。句中动名词短语playing games在句中做主语，to是多余的。所以要删除playing前面的to。第八处：考查代词。句意：而且玩游戏也许会花掉他们太多钱。代词too much指代不可数名词“to
23、o much money”，而too many通常指可数名词。所以要把many改为much。第九处：考查固定句式。句意：在我看来，与其他事情相比学生应该更重视他们的学习和安全。固定句式“As far as sb be concerned在某人看来”，该结构通常用来发表观点，所以要把concerning改为concerned。第十处：考查固定结构。句意：至于放松，我们最好做对精神和身体都有益处的事情。固定结构had better do sth最好做某事；所以要把would改为had。【广东省2019届高三六校第一次联考】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中
24、共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。When I was young, I was terribly poor in the Chinese. Be afraid of expressing myself was one of the reasons that I rarely did well in school. On
25、ce I failed in a mid-term exam. When I got the papers, I realized things could have been better if I listened to the teacher much more attentive. So I turned to my teacher for helps and he told me, “Where there is a will, there is a way. If we are devoted to learning Chinese, youll make it.” I could
26、nt agree much. From then on, I began to work harder. Out of my expect, I made great progress soon. Today, Chinese is where my strength lies. And Im grateful for my Chinese teacher.【答案】【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。作者年轻时中文差，在老师的帮助下，经过努力，最终中文变成了自己的优势。3.考查虚拟语气。我意识到如果我听了老师更细心的话，事情会变得更好。此处是if引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，所以if条件句
27、用过去完成时态，故在listened前加had。4.考查副词。副词修饰动词，故把attentive改成attentively。5.考查固定搭配。turn to sb. for help转过身来向某人求助，故把helps改成help。6.考查固定搭配。devote oneself to 献身于-，此处to是介词，后面用名词或动名词做宾语，故把learn改成learning。10.考查固定词组。be grateful to sb.对某人感激，故把for改成to。【点睛】“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义，也是一种强调。I couldnt find a better answer.这个答案是最好的。本
28、题第7小题就是考查比较级的这一用法。学科*网【辽宁省六校协作体2019届高三上学期期初联考】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。A neighbor told us about a trip he took with his 3-years-old
29、 son. It was the first time the father and the boy have been away by themselves. The first night their spent in a hotel, the father moved his bed closely to the boys and when they were all ready to sleep, he turned the light. After a few minutes, a little voice said, “It surely is dark, isnt it?” “N
30、o,” said the father, “Its pretty dark, and everything is all right.” There was silent for a few more minutes, and then a small hand reached over and took the fathers hand, “ Ill just hold your hand,” said the little boy, “in case of you get frightened.”【答案】3-year-old have-had their-they closely-clos
31、e all-bothturned out No-Yes and-but silent-silence in case【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一个邻居告诉他和他3岁的儿子一起旅行的事。4.考查固定搭配。句意：他们在一家旅馆度过的第一个晚上，父亲把他的床搬到了男孩的身边，当他们都准备睡觉的时候，他把灯关掉了。close to靠近，故把closely改成close。5.考查不定代词。句意：他们在一家旅馆度过的第一个晚上，父亲把他的床搬到了男孩的身边，当他们都准备睡觉的时候，他把灯关掉了。父亲和儿子是两个人，故把all改成both。6.考查动词词组。句意：他们在一家旅馆度过的第一个晚
32、上，父亲把他的床搬到了男孩的身边，当他们都准备睡觉的时候，他把灯关掉了。turn out关掉，故在turned后面加out。7.考查反意疑问句的回答。根据“It surely is dark, isnt it?”（ 它肯定是黑暗的，不是吗？） “No,” said the father, “Its pretty dark, and everything is all right.”（ 天很黑，一切都很好。）结合句意可知此处是反意疑问句的回答，应该是“Yes，it is”（不，它是。）故把No改成Yes。8.考查并列连词。句意：“天很黑，但一切都很好。”此处是转折关系，故把and改成but。9.
33、考查名词。句意：沉默了几分钟，然后一只小手伸过去，牵着父亲的手。此处是there be 句型，所以应该用名词做主语，故把silent改成silence。10.考查状语从句。句意：“我就握着你的手，”小男孩说，“以防你害怕。”结合句意可知此处是in case（万一）引导的条件状语从句，故把of去掉。【江西省新余市第四中学2019届高三7月段考】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横
34、线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意： 1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。It was raining hardly outside, that made it difficult for me to go home for lunch. Just as I was wondering what I should eat at noon, I saw a familiar figure passed by our classroom. I rushed out and it was my mother, who is already in the f
35、ifties, that brought me lunch, in spite the heavy rain. In China, many parents make great sacrifices for our children. But what had the children done in return？All too often, most children just take it for granted that their parents should serve for them unconditionally. My dear mum or dad, thank yo
36、u very much for bringing me up. How shall I do for you?【答案】【解析】试题分析：作者一次下大雨没法回家吃饭，但是他的妈妈却送饭来了，然后作者就此谈了自己的一些想法。1.考查副词。此处是指外面雨下的很大，副词修饰动词rain，虽然hardly也是副词，但是意思是几乎不，不符合句意，故改为hard。7.考查时态。此句是说明在中国的一般性的情况，需用现在时态，此处是现在完成时，故改为have。8.考查动词。Serve是及物动词，可以直接带宾语，不需要接for，serve sb：为某人服务。9.考查连词。此处是指爸爸和妈妈，故用and。10.考查连词。此处意为我该为你们做些说明呢？根据意思可知用连词What。
