1、Unit 1 Ancient GreeceGrammar:The Present Perfect Tense一、构成：一、构成：助动词助动词 have/has+done（过去分词）（过去分词）二、用法：二、用法：1.表示过去发生的动作对现在表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响有影响或或产生结果产生结果e.g.I have just washed my hands.I havent read that book yet.Someone has broken the window.2.表示表示过去开始并持续到现在过去开始并持续到现在已有一段时间的动作已有一段时间的动作或状况或状况 e.g.He has
2、studied English for over 5 years.I have taught English since I came here.三、句中下列时间状语，常用三、句中下列时间状语，常用现在完成时现在完成时：ljust,already（肯定句）（肯定句）,yet（否定句、（否定句、疑问句）疑问句）lever,never,beforelsince,forlrecently=lately最近，近来最近，近来lso far，up to now 迄今为止，迄今为止，lin the past few days/weeks/years Two bus stations have been bu
3、ilt in the past two months.So far,I have read more than three hundred passages.So far,we have learned more than 3000 English words.1.The film has already begun.(否定句否定句)The film_ _ _.2.I have already made some friends there.(一般疑问句一般疑问句)_ you made any friends there_?hasnt begun yetHave yet2 (sweep)_ S
4、ally and Joe _ the floor _?No,they_ the floor _.1 (do)_ Mum _ the washing _?Yes,she _ the washing.Hasdoneyethas already doneHavesweptyethavent sweptyet4 (write)_ Mark _ the letter _?No,he _ the letter _.3 (throw)_ you _ away the rubbish _?Yes,I _ away the rubbish _.Havethrownyetve/have thrownHaswrit
5、tenyethasnt writtenyetalready四、四、have been(to)和和have gone(to)的区别：的区别：have/has been(to)表示表示“曾经到过某地曾经到过某地”，说，说话时此人不在那里，话时此人不在那里，已经回来已经回来。侧重指经历。侧重指经历。have/has gone(to)表示某人表示某人“已经去某地了已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里，不在这里不在这里。He has been to Beijing.他曾去过北京。他曾去过北京。（人已回来，可能在这儿）（人已回来，可能在这儿）He has gone
6、 to Beijing.他已经去北京了。他已经去北京了。（人已走，不在这儿）。（人已走，不在这儿）。五、五、since&forlfor+一段时间一段时间：e.g.for five yearslsince的用法：的用法：lsince+过去某个时间点：过去某个时间点：e.g.since 2004lsince+一段时间一段时间+ago：e.g.since five minutes ago(1)since+从句（从句用一般过去时）从句（从句用一般过去时）e.g.since you leftI have lived in Shanghai for over twenty years.She has be
7、en in the Volleyball Club since July 2010注意：注意：He has been away since last week.He has been away for one week.对划线部分提问都用对划线部分提问都用How longfor/since1._ five minutes2._ five oclock3._ 1st October4._ several weeks5._ an hour6._ last Sunday7._ two days ago8._ 2004forforforsincesincesincesincesince六、六、延续性时
8、间状语（延续性时间状语（for/since)必须必须与与延续性动词延续性动词连连用用 go/leave be away from come/arrive be in/at join be a member of die be dead buy have borrow keep begin/start be on finish/end be over put on wear catch a cold have a cold fall ill be ill瞬间动词瞬间动词延续性动词延续性动词六、六、since/for不能不能与与_动词连用动词连用T or F：lHis grandfather ha
9、s died for two years.lHe has left Shenzhen for a long time.lMike has bought that bike since a week ago.lI have borrowed the book for four months.1.Nick has joined the army for three years.瞬间瞬间FFFFF1.The old man has died.The old man_ _ _ for ten years.2.James bought the watch a month ago.James_ _ the
10、 watch for a month.3.He left two hours ago.He_ _ _ for two hours.4.I borrowed this novel last month.I_ _ this novel for a month.has been dead has had has been away have kept 3.Mike has bought that bike since a week ago.Mike that bike since a week ago.4.I have borrowed the book for four months.I this
11、 book for four months.5.Nick has joined the army for three years.Nick the army for three years.Nick the army for three years.has hadhave kepthas been inhas been a member ofCorrections1.His grandfather has died for two years.His grandfather _ for two years.2.He has left Shenzhen for a long time.He _
12、Shenzhen for a long time.has been deadhas been away from七、现在完成时七、现在完成时 vs.一般过去时一般过去时l现完：现完：“与现在有关与现在有关”l过去：过去：“与现在无关与现在无关”c.f.(1)Have you ever been to Spain?Did you go to Spain last year?(2)The train hasnt arrived yet.The train didnt arrive an hour ago.(3)We have lived in Hong Kong for six years.We
13、lived in Thailand last year but now we live in China.句中出现以下时间状语，用句中出现以下时间状语，用一般过去时一般过去时：llast night/week/month/yearlminutes/hours/days/months/years agolyesterday(morning/afternoon/evening)lthe day before yesterdaylin 1999lin the pastlthis morning1.The guests _(just arrive)here.They _ (arrive)here ju
14、st now.3.The story _(happen)in a small village on a winter morning.4.We _(study)English for a few years.5.I _(become)healthier and healthier since I _(take)an active part in sports.6.I _(send)you a birthday card last Sunday._ you _(receive)it yet?7.I knew all about the film because I _(see)it twice.have just arrivedarrivedhappened have studied have becometooksentHave received have seen
