1、2022届陕西省西安市临潼区高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读理解The heat of competitions is a funny thing. And it is also a way of making us better. STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) competitions are no different, offering local, and even national events across a number of related subjects. C
2、ongressional App Challenge (CAC) What: A public challenge where students must build an app of their choice. The apps are judged in competitions hosted by Members of Congress. When: The challenge takes place from July through early November. Prize: Winners receive recognition by their Member of Congr
3、ess and have their work put on display in the Capitol Building. Emperor Science Award (ESA) What: A competition committed to helping develop students who have a passion for science. Come and join in the next generation of cancer researchers. When: Check the website for 2021 deadlines. Prize: 100 win
4、ning students will be paired with a university-level mentoring scientist to work together on a cancer research project. Students will also receive a Google Chromebook and $1,500 for project expenses! Regeneron Science Talent Search (RSTS) What: The nations oldest and most respected science competiti
5、on. Competitors to this competition must conduct an original research project and supplement their applications with recommendation letters. When: Applications for the 2022 competition opened in summer 2021. Prize: Over $2 million in awards are given; first-place prize is $250,000. Think Challenges
6、What: Organized by a group of undergraduates from MIT, this competition is for high school students who are in the early stages of an original research project. When: 2021 registration is now closed; check back soon for 2022 details! Prize: Selected finalists are invited to 4-day all-expenses-paid t
7、rip to MITs campus to meet professors and tour labs! Finalists also have weekly mentorship (导师制) meetings and are given $1, 000 to fund their research project.1If you have interest in designing app, youd better apply for _.AEmperor Science AwardBCongressional App ChallengeCRegeneron Science Talent S
8、earchDThink Challenges2What makes RSTS special?AIt is hosted by Members of Congress.BIt aims to develop cancer researchers.CIt is organized by a group of MIT undergraduates.DIt is the most ancient and highly recognized.3Which of the following can be learned from the text?AAll competitors in CAC will
9、 have works shown in Capitol Building.BWinners in ESA will work on cancer with other students.C2022 registration for Think Challenge will be opened soon.DThe first place winner in RSTS will win the least money.Camellis duty was simple: to give back to the community where she was raised. Warren, Ohio
10、 lies just thirteen miles north of Youngstown, the former center of steel production, and now one of the neediest cities in the country. Both cities populations and its finance have been on the decline each year, with unemployment rates surpassing both the state and national average.But it wasnt alw
11、ays this way. Thirty years ago, when Camelli was a student at Howland High School, the school where she now teaches Advanced Placement Psychology, “The poorness level was around 6%,” she says. Today, it is closer to 40%.This financial condition influences everything from the way students learn, to t
12、heir ability to deal with social and emotional issues. Knowing this, Camelli created Paw Pantry. Whether its for food, clothes, school supplies or personal hygiene (卫生) products ,students and their parents can go on the districts website and fill out a request form for Paw Pantry products. They can
13、choose to pick their items upor have them deliveredat school.Camelli mentioned Paw Pantry when she attended her high school activity in 2017. It made her former classmates aware of how their hometown has changed over the years. “Soon, money started pouring in from all over the country, all over the
14、world,” she says.In just a year and a half since the Paw Pantry began, Camelli has received plenty of non-perishable (不易变质的) food, clothing, lunch boxes, backpacks, school supplieseven home goods, including a refrigerator, a washer and dryer, and a stove.Camelli actively shows her students the power
15、 of connection. “Im definitely kinder because of Ms. Camelli. Ms. Camelli is a mother, but shes also a mother figure for all of us”. Blake says “Ms. Camelli, you will never understand how happy this act of your caring had made me,” she added.Camelli is a community activist, a mental heath supporter,
16、 and by many peoples standards, shes most certainly a hero, but she doesnt see herself that way. And thats what she as a teacher should do.4What does the underlined word “neediest” in the first paragraph mean?ALiveliest.BRiskiest.CRemotest.DPoorest.5What can we infer from the passage?APaw Pantry did
17、nt go well.BPaw Pantry gained much support.CCamelli was hopeful about Paw Pantrys future.DMany people treated Paw Pantry with doubt.6How does Blake feel about Ms. Camelli?AGrateful.BAnnoyed.CUnconcerned.DConfused.7What can we learn about Camelli from the last paragraph?AShe feels great about herself
18、.BShe wont continue her teaching career.CShe thinks that she just does what a teacher does.DShe doesnt think she has done enough.It is generally acknowledged that a time-out, a method of checking misbehavior by removing the child from his or her current situation for a few minutes of quiet time, is
19、bad for childrens emotional and behavioral health. However, a new study suggests that despite always getting criticized, the common disciplinary (纪律的) strategy isnt linked to harmful effects on children.Researchers compared emotional and behavioral health between kids whose parents reported using ti
20、me-outs and those who didnt over a roughly eight-year period. The result: no difference. There was no association between reported use of time-outs and negative symptoms in later childhood, including anxiety, depression, internalizing or externalizing problems, aggression, rule-breaking behavior, or
21、 self-control, according to the findings in Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics (儿科学).“Parents are constantly questioning whether they are doing the right thing for their children. Unfortunately the first place many parents go for advice is the Internet not a medical provider. There i
22、s a lot of conflicting information on the Web that isnt accurate,” says lead author Rachel Knight, PhD, pediatric psychologist at University of Michigan CS. Mott Childrens Hospital. “In fact, they may not be aware that time-out is one of the child discipline strategies currently recommended by Ameri
23、can Academy of Pediatrics.”Further studies are needed to continue evaluating specific claims made against time-outs and both their short-term and long-term effects across different populations and ages. Experts also need to find more effective ways to communicate evidence-based information to parent
24、s.“As we further our understanding about how different parenting strategies affect children, we need to present findings in an easily digestible and accessible way for the public,” she also says, “Our goal is to clear up misconceptions and promote the use of the highly effective, evidence-based stra
25、tegies that will best guide parents and families.”8What do people generally think of a time-out?AIt has negative effects on children.BIt is an ineffective way of punishment.CIt is a method to assess childrens misbehavior.DIt has nothing to do with harmful effects on children.9What can be inferred fr
26、om Knights words in the third paragraph?AMost young parents lack medical knowledge.BSome information on the Internet needs regulating.CShe is concerned about the overuse of time-outs.DThe more time-outs are used, the better children behave.10What is the target of Knights further research?ATo recomme
27、nd some effective strategies to parents.BTo remove peoples misunderstanding about time-outs.CTo appeal to government to regulate information on the Net.DTo warn parents of getting evidence-based information from experts.11Whats the best title for the text?AHow Parents Use Time-out CorrectlyBTime-out
28、s Bad for Childrens Behavioral HealthCSome Highly Effective Strategies to Guide ParentsDTime-outs Not Associated with Negative Effects on ChildrenYou probably dont think of scientific or medical instruments as the kind of instruments that actually make music. But now researchers have built a scienti
29、fic instrument specifically designed to detect counterfeit (伪造的) medications through sound.The World Health Organization estimates about 10 percent of the medications in low and middle-income countries are fakes. Sometimes, dangerous ones. So the idea here is to fill the tube with a sample thats kno
30、wn to be safe. Then compare it to a bottle youre not so sure about.“If you get the same pitch (音高) out of those two samples, its very good evidence that theyre probably the same material, and the suspect substance is a safe drug to take. But if you get a different pitch out of the two samples, thats
31、 absolute proof that those two samples are chemically different. And that shows you theres something wrong with the sample you were given and you probably shouldnt take it.”The instrument is designed to test only liquid samples for now. And while the human ear is sensitive enough to hear the differe
32、nce between samples of air and water, the difference between a real and a counterfeit drug might be imperceptible to our ears. So Grover built a free website where users can upload recordings of the instrument, from their smartphone or computer, and analyze the hertz. Then repeat it with the suspect
33、 sample.in the hope of inspiring people around the world to build these things themselves. “I can literally make one of these out of junk in your garage in about five minutes probably. The hardest thing to come by is tubing. Weve made them out of bent copper tubing like you get out of a radiator. Ju
34、st junk, lying around. Its remarkable how easy they are to make. My dream would be to have the instructions for making them and using them shared as widely as possible.”It is, admittedly, a pretty convincing pitch.12Whats the passage mainly about?AA scientific instrument.BA pretty convincing tube.CA
35、 suspect sample.DA dangerous instrument.13Whats the function of the instrument according to the passage?ATo give the buyer more drugs as a gift.BTo make the wonderful music.CTo carry the liquid.DTo test fake medications through sound.14Where can you get the material to build this kind of scientific
36、instrument?AThe junk in the garage.BThe junk in the drugstore.CThe junk in the supermarket.DThe junk in the factory.15What can we learn about the instrument from the passage?AEveryone can make it easily.BIt can play the music you like.CThere is a long way to go.DIt is widely used to test medicine.二、
37、七选五Youre suffering from a bad case of burnout, especially after you do the same work too many years. But try as you might, you cant make you stay excited at your job. _16_Keep an open mind.Its essential to be open to new opportunities when they come your way. Maybe it will be a once-in-a-lifetime ch
38、ance to change yourself. As it turns out, you will succeed._17_ .My advice to anyone working to achieve long-term success, is to regularly step back, assess your progress and consider new experience that can help you grow professionally. _18_. So think about where your greatest professional developm
39、ent opportunities lie, and dont be afraid to speak up if you arent actively addressing them. Ive found that many new opportunities exist beneath the surface all you have to do is raise your hand and ask.Step outside of your comfort zone.Although the idea of reinvention may sound daunting (令人胆怯的), th
40、is can mean anything from taking on a new project, joining a new team or accepting a “stretch” assignment. _19_, and keep that professional spark well lit. And dont wait. The pace of change is rapid, and you cant sit on the sidelines.Experience the payoff.Wearing different hats or changing your posi
41、tion can keep you invigorated (精神焕发) about your job and better positioned to accept challenges or opportunities to come. _20_.ASet a realistic goalBSeek opportunities for reinventionCThat can make it easier to see where you should goDI look on it as a process of continuous reinventionEHere are the t
42、ips that may help you to keep your energy upFThis can open new doors that will greatly benefit you as your career progressesGEvery change you make, big or small, can help drive your advancement三、完形填空When I reflect back on what exactly inspired our Change-A-School-Project, a memory in particular stan
43、ds out.When I was in tenth grade, my schools tennis team traveled to Hempstead High School for an away game. Entering the school, I was _21_ to see the entrance fitted with metal detectors (金属探测器) and armed guards moving around the hallways a _22_ I had only seen on TV or on the news. _23_, Hempstea
44、d High School was only a 20-minute drive away from my home.After some research, I _24_ that Hempstead wasnt alone and these safety measures were _25_ of a sense of trouble and unrest. In these schools, _26_ filled a void (空虚感) in students lives early on a void that was a typical example of a lack of
45、 _27_.By this time, I had achieved a wealth of _28_ as a chess teacher; I knew what _29_ effect chess could have on a child. I was able to _30_ chess from a board game into a basic part of their lives. Why not _31_ chess to these underprivileged students?I _32_ Change-A-School-Project and sent email
46、s to school headmasters. However, it was two years later that a _33_ came. Through a series of email exchanges and a generous _34_ of 55 chess sets, chess was finally _35_ into Wyandanch School. Soon, other schools followed quickly. I began to _36_ a 3-hour training session every Thursday for 1st-3r
47、d graders in these schools.After a few sessions (学年) Wyandanch, I found that the impact I _37_ for had been realized. These young _38_ were beginning to spend their free time studying from their very own chess book and I kept _39_ thank-yous from grateful parents.We had finally _40_ their void.21AshockedBdelightedCthrilledDdisappointed22AreportBprogramCfilmDsight23AThereforeBYetCBesidesDBecause24AdiscoveredBinventedCrecognizedDsensed25AproudBawareCrepresentativeDfree26AgamesBcelebrationCcrimeDsports27AmotivationBresourcesCpromotionD
