1、2022届上海市杨浦区高三二模（线上）英语试卷学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word
2、 that best fits each blank. The Life-Givers of the Desert: Oases throughout the WorldOases(绿洲) have had a strong influence on the development of society in desert regions. Aspects of trade as well as military and political power have all been impacted by oases. Merchants have relied on these fertile
3、 zones _1_(get) access to vital water, food, and other supplies on their journeys. Historically, the Bahariya Oasis, _2_ (locate) 370 kilometers from Cairo, is remarkable. During the ancient time, this water reserve was an agricultural center. More recently, tourism has brought important income to t
4、he region, which _3_(stretch) more than 2, 000 square kilometers. Its not surprising _4_ fascinated history lovers are by the areas history and geographical features. In recent years, more than 100 golden mummies _5_(discover) as part of a tomb system, which radar has shown to include more than 10,0
5、00 mummies. This amazing discovery was made in 1996, _6_ a donkey fell into a hole and the animals owner saw the face of a shiny, golden-colored mummy inside. The mummies are near another significant piece of history: the Temple of Alexander the Great. Visitors to the region can also see tombs _7_(c
6、ut) out of huge rocks. _8_ dating back to 2500 years ago, the tombs were in such condition as could be determined to belong to a wealthy family. In terms of physical features, Bahariya is known for its hot and cold springs and Crystal Mountain, which is not really a mountain but rather large masses
7、of various types of crystals. Sitting in sharp contrast to the tough, dry conditions that surround _9_, oases are remarkable. They exist _10_ delicate yet crucial ecosystems, providing significant agricultural, tourism, and life-giving benefits to the regions.二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Fill in each
8、 blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. AstimulationBscaredCpracticeDfrustratingE. wanderingF. trustedG. readilyH. respondI. simplyJ. stuffK. grateful The Benefits of BoredomHow did you feel on the last day of th
9、e term? Perhaps you were excited for an upcoming holiday, or _11_ because morning lie-ins were now possible. Whatever you felt, you probably werent bored. As the weeks roll on, though, boredom has a way of catching you up. As _12_ as this might feel, it can actually be good for you to be bored. What
10、 happens when you are bored?When you feel bored, your brain is _13_ struggling to find something to activate its nerves. If it cant find _14_, for example, by watching television, your mind will look inwards. Thats when you daydream or you find your mind “_15_”. Scientists have found that daydreamin
11、g gives your brain the space to solve problems. It can also stir imagination, ideas and creativity. Is boredom good for you?Sandi Mann, who wrote a book called The Science of Boredom, believes that everyone should accept boredom _16_. According to her research, “People who are bored are more creativ
12、e.” Mann also says that accepting boredom means youre less likely to become bored, “because the more new and exciting things we experience, the more we want, so we become less accepting of the boring _17_.”What if boredom makes you restless?Learning how to accept and _18_ to boredom is important. Ma
13、ny people find boredom to be an uncomfortable feeling. Thats OKwith _19_, you can learn to “sit with” that feeling and to use it to find fun and meaningful activities to do. Theres also a difference between feeling bored from time to time and feeling indifferent or uninterested in things over a long
14、 period. If that happens, talk to a _20_ adult who will be able to help you.三、完形填空AI-based Conservation EffortsWhen an endangered seabird hits a power line, it makes a sound “very much like the laser sound from Star Wars,” says conservation (野生动物保护) biologist Marc Travers. He should _21_ as his team
15、 from the Endangered Seabird Recovery Project recorded thousands of hours of audio to determine if power lines affected local seabirds. Travers was trying to help establish how _22_ birds were killed by power lines on the island of Kauai in Hawaii in 2011. His team recorded 600 hours of audio and se
16、nt the recordings to Conservation Metrics, a company that assists conservation efforts with AI resources. Conservation Metrics used a program to “listen” to the recordings and _23_ the sounds that signified bird electrocutions (触电身亡) . The result was _24_, as the number of bird electrocutions was in
17、 the thousands. Armed with _25_ that power lines were killing a significant number of birds, the team worked with the local utility service to reduce bird deaths. _26_, humans have been poor guardians of the planet. Humans have altered as much as 97 percent of land ecosystems. Key populations of _27
18、_ animals have dropped as much as 68 percent since 1970. The _28_ in biodiversity around the world has created a depressing situation. Conservation efforts _29_ key resources they need to have real impacts. _30_, humans now have AI-based tools that can help. AI can quickly and accurately _31_ large
19、amounts of data created by observations in the field. Then other programs such as PAWS (Protection Assistant for Wildlife Security) can help analyze the data and suggest the most _32_ ways to focus conservation efforts. In large national parks and wildlife reserves, poachers (偷猎者) are a danger for a
20、nimals both big and small. Some animals are worth a lot of money on the black market. Park guards are left with an impossible task because there is too much land to _33_. But the PAWS program allows guards to focus their efforts. PAWS has even predicted the _34_ of traps in areas not yet patrolled (
21、巡逻) by rangers!We still face many challenges to _35_ the loss of wildlife, but AI-powered programs promise to be a powerful conservation tool.21AassumeBknowChopeDlead22AfrequentlyBdirectlyCviolentlyDrarely23AimitateBlocateCcountDpresent24ApuzzlingBdemandingCdisturbingDuplifting25AjusticeBproofCimage
22、Dwisdom26AIn theoryBBy definitionCOn the contraryDBy many measures27AmonitoredBenclosedCrequestedDoverlooked28AdeclineBexpansionCclimbDquality29AsupplyBrenewClackDinvent30AObviouslyBFortunatelyCInterestinglyDInitially31Agive awayBsort throughCget overDmake up32AexclusiveBdelicateCeffectiveDspecial33
23、AconveyBmarkCcoverDhide34AemergenceBmovementCevolutionDexistence35ArecoverBreverseCremoveDreveal四、阅读理解The men glanced around the living room which Hana had taken great pains to decorate properly. A new flowered rug lay on the floor, and fresh white curtains that Kiku had helped Hana sew hung at the
24、windows. The first tight buds of the flowering peach in their yard had begun to bloom, and knowing there would be callers, Hana had arranged a bunch on the table. “We ll come right to the point,” a tall red-headed man said without bothering to sit down. “Thereve been some complaints from the neighbo
25、urhood about having Japanese on this block,”Taro caught his breath. “I see. Can you tell me who it was that complained?”“Just some of the neighbours.”“What is it that we have done to offend them?”“Well, nothing specific.”Taro looked at each of the men in turn and tried to keep his voice steady. “Gen
26、tlemen,” he began. “My wife and I looked many, many months to find a home where we might raise our daughter. When the owner said there would be no objection to our moving in here, we trusted him. It was a dream come true for us. We have already spent much time and money to make this house our home.
27、And now, you would ask us to leave?”Taro dared not stop before he finished all he wanted to say: “I should like to meet those neighbours who object to us,” he said. “Is it any of you gentlemen?”The men looked uncomfortable. “Were just here to represent them.”“Then please invite them to come talk to
28、me. If they can tell me why we arent desirable or why we do not deserve their respect, I shall consider their request. I am the proprietor of Takeda Dry Goods and Grocers on Seventh Street and I would be happy to have them visit my shop as well.”The men glanced uneasily at one another and had nothin
29、g more to say.36The main purpose of the gentlemens visit was to _.Aarrange a meeting for Taro to talk with the angry neighboursBmake Taro aware of the complaints about the familys decorationsCtell Taro that his family was not welcome in the neighbourhoodDextend their welcome to the family to settle
30、in the neighbourhood37The underlined word “proprietor” is closest in meaning to _.AownerBnewcomerCcustomerDcaller38Which description best reflects Taros character?AHe was eager to avoid conflicts.BHe was brave to defend his rights.CHe was offensive and disrespectful.DHe was considerate of others fee
31、lings.39What social problem is revealed in the story?AUnsafe neighbourhood.BIllegal Immigration.CHousing shortage.DRacial prejudice.Football star inspires poetry pupilsRio Ferdinand is one of the Premier Leagues greatest ever players. He made his first appearance in the League for West Ham in the 19
32、95-96 season and by the time he retired from the 2014-15 season, he had won the Premier League title six times with Manchester United. Ferdinand was eager to be a judge in the Premier League Writing Stars competition, where children can hand in their own poem on the theme of diversity. Ferdinand dec
33、ided to drop in on his old school, Camelot Primary in Peckham, London, and answer some questions. Are you excited to be a judge for the Premier League Writing Stars poetry competition?“Im very excited because you get the chance to see what the kids are up to now and how the kids think. Its really im
34、portant for people to express themselves through words. I cant wait to read all of the poems.”When you were at school, what subject did you like the most?“I like drama, PE and English. These were my three strongest subjects at school.”What was your favourite book at school?“As a kid, my favourite bo
35、ok was The Twits by Roald Dahl.” The Premier League Writing Stars competition asks us to celebrate the ways in which we are beautifully different and wonderfully the same. Why is this an important theme?“It is an important theme because it is true. Ive been to many parts of the world and everyone is
36、 similar in the way they are. Everywhere you go, there are a lot of different people in the world, but we are very much the same in many ways.” COMPETITION Why not write your own poem on the theme of diversity for the Premier Writing Stars competition?Last year, more than 25,000 children entered. Yo
37、u could even write a rap or song lyrics. Your class could win a poetry workshop and have the Premier League trophy visit your primary school! Rio Ferdinands fellow judges include poet Joseph Coelho, musician Olly Murs and writer Lauren Child. There will be two national winners and ten regional winne
38、rs from both key stage 1 (five to seven years old) and key stage 2 (seven to 11 years old). The closing date is Friday 13 May, so get your teacher to register on PLPrimaryS this week!40To enter the competition, an applicant must _.Abe under the age of sevenBhand in a poem this weekCwrite about the t
39、heme of diversityDregister on Friday 13 May41What can be learned about Rio Ferdinand?AHe rose to fame for the poems he wrote back at school.BHe once dropped out of Camelot Primary in Peckham.CHe has been an organizer of the competition since 2015.DHe is delighted to be the judge in the competition.4
40、2The purpose of the poster is to _.Apromote the popularity of the competitionBintroduce the association of Premier LeagueCmotivate children to do sports in their spare timeDbridge the gap between sports and literatureWild animals are equipped with a variety of techniques to avoid becoming lunch for
41、a bigger animal, also known as a predator (捕食者) in nature. The most well-known methods include the classic fight and flight as well as freeze. A team of researchers wondered whether closeness to people might impact those survival strategies. “We often see that animals are more tolerant around us in
42、urban areas, but we dont really know why.” says evolutionary biologist Dan Blumstein. “Is it individual plasticity, meaning individuals change their fear of us and that leads to tolerance? Or can there be an evolutionary factor involved?”To find out, Blumstein and his colleagues combined information
43、 from 173 studies of over 100 species, including mammals, birds, fish and even mollusks. It turns out that regardless of evolutionary ancestry, the animals react in a similar way to life among humans: they lose their anti-predator characteristics. That pattern is especially pronounced for plant-eati
44、ng animals and for social species. This behavioral change is perhaps unsurprising when its intentional, the result of domestication or controlled breeding. But it turns out that urbanization alone results in a similar change, though around three times more slowly. The main point is: were essentially
45、 domesticating animals by urbanization. Were selecting for the same sorts of characteristics that we would if we were actually trying to domesticate them. If the urbanization process helps animals better co-exist with people, it could be to their benefit. But if it makes them more defenseless to the
46、ir nonhuman predators, it could be a real problem. Either way, these results mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Those reductions in anti-predator characteristics become encoded in their genes. Were changing the population genetics on
47、e way or another. What the researchers now wonder is whether the mere presence of tourists in less urbanized areas can cause similar changes in wild animals. If so, serious questions exist for the idea of ethical, welfare-oriented eco-tourism. If we wish to help animals keep their anti-predator defenses, the researchers say, we might have to intentionally expose animals to predators. Its just yet one other way that were changing the world around us.4
