1、第1页/共11页 2023 北京西城高三一模 英 语 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。As a child growing up in the 1980s,Marlene Irvin took many trips to Joyland,an amusement park in her hometown of Wichita,Kansas.She got excited the moment her family drove i
2、nto Joylands parking lot.“The carousel circling at the entrance to the park was always the 1 for me,Marlene said.“I could watch the horses for hours.”Joyland certainly made a/an 2 impression on Marlene,as she got her“first real job”years later at Wichitas Chance Manufacturing,the largest maker of am
3、usement park rides in the world at the time.Marlene started in the fiberglass workshop,where the carousel horses frames,along with parts for Ferris wheels,roller coasters,and other rides,were pieced together.She 3 found her way to Chances art and decoration department,becoming one of the lead horse
4、artists.Then,after working at Chance for nearly fifteen years,Marlene decided to start her own business,focusing on carousel restoration.Around the same time,Joyland started experiencing a 4 in attendance.At last,to the heartbreak of Wichitans young and old,Joyland 5 after more than fifty years of o
5、peration.Local preservation organizations purchased some of the parks historical items,and Joylands thirty-six carousel horses were donated to Botanica,a Wichita-owned botanical garden.Botanica asked Marlene to 6 the old,broken horses,and she accepted the challenge.As Marlene finished each horse,Bot
6、anica 7 them for the public to see.Although they looked 8 compared to their glory（辉煌）days at Joyland，thanks to Marlenes artistic efforts,the horses impressed observers even more than they had before.When native Wichitans saw them,their most 9 question was:“Will we be able to ride them?”Even as 10,th
7、ey remembered riding the horses at Joyland when they were kids.Marlene always smiled and answered:“Theyve been waiting for you to come back.”1.A.memoryB.dream C.highlight D.comfort 2.A.immediateB.lasting C.accurate D.general 3.A.suddenlyB.definitely C.hesitantly D.eventually 4.A.declineB.break C.boo
8、st D.return 5.A.went downB.fell down C.got down D.shut down 6.A.replaceB.rearrange C.restore D.reuse 7.A.displayedB.moved C.protected D.advertised 8.A.modernB.different C.attractive D.unique 9.A.basicB.unexpected C.common D.remarkable 10.A.repairmenB.customers C.residents D.adults 第2页/共11页 第二节（共 10
9、小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。A My name is Barbara and I work at a department store.I 11（work）there for one year when another Barbara joined the staff.Then I changed my name tag from“Barb”to“Barbie”.12 made me feel funny was how small
10、 kids talked about me.“Is she really Barbie?”they asked.I changed it at my other job,too and began answering the phone,“This is Barbie.How can I help you?”The callers have gotten used to that over time,ninety percent of 13 now respond with my name:“Barbie,can you tell me.”Pronouncing that long“e”sou
11、nd forces your mouth into a smile,but I have found the smile is usually returned voluntarily.B Its said that for the Englishman,his house is his castle.However,this does not mean that his house is a beautiful palace that others 14（invite）to see.For the British,the home is a place to protect oneself
12、from the outside world.Its a private place in which he goes to hide away 15 the troubles of life.To the American,the home is an expression of 16（he）.Much money is often spent on each and every room 17（create）the right“feel”according to the persons lifestyle.Therefore,he is happy to show his house to
13、 others.C Smoke jumpers are firefighters,trained to fight fires in places that fire engines cant reach.They travel in small planes and,18（use）a parachute,jump into remote wild areas to fight fires.Smoke jumpers have to respond quickly.While a fire is still small,the pilot 19（drop）team members into t
14、he area as needed.Their first job may be to build a fire line to stop the fire from spreading.Water is sent down to them.Smoke jumpers must be 20（high）trained,very experienced and extremely fit.Their job is very dangerous.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项
15、，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Dear Teachers and Parents,This June,during Financial Literacy Month,we have some to share.In 2015,a free online financial education course named FutureSmart was introduced to middle school students,specifically targeting this group at a time in their lives when financial habits take h
16、old and grow.Fast forward to today,FutureSmart,available in English and Spanish,has reached over 13,000 schools across all 50 states.More than two million students have completed the course,with almost half coming from low-to-moderate income families.But we arent stopping there.We promise to reach f
17、our million more students by the end of 2025.Why?Because this moment calls for brave action.Never before have money management and investment decisions been so easy to conduct at any time or place through the use of a smartphone.It is time to offer students 第3页/共11页 more critical financial literacy
18、education to encourage them to make good financial decisions on a daily basis as they make their way through a complex world.From weighing opportunity costs to delaying instant satisfaction for long-term financial gain,FutureSmart educates our youth using hands-on simulations（模拟）to introduce concept
19、s like daily financial decisions and the rewards of long-term planning.Teaching young learners how to build solid financial foundations is an important step in building financially healthy communities.Although our work is far from complete,we know that FutureSmart works.And it works exceptionally we
20、ll.In the largest study of its kind,supported by the MassMutual Foundation and EVERFI,the University of Massachusetts Donahue Institute（UMDI）recently concluded that 90%of students saw a statistically significant and educationally meaningful increase in knowledge after taking the FutureSmart course.W
21、hats more,these results were consistent across all student demographics including race,age,gender,school year,and socioeconomic status.We have a long way to go to reach every single middle school student,but we welcome the challenge.Together,our teams have started a movement to provide equal access
22、to financial education,and we invite others to join us.Visit to learn more and see how you can bring FutureSmart to the young people in your life.MICHAEL FANNING RAY MARTINEZ Head of MassMutual US President and Co-Founder of EVERFI 21.The course FutureSmart _.A.is offered in two different languages
23、B.requires skillful smartphone operation C.has been bought by a large number of schools D.targets students from low-to-moderate income families 22.How does FutureSmart introduce financial concepts?A.By establishing financially healthy communities.B.By managing opportunities and rewards.C.By simulati
24、ng real-life situations.D.By delaying financial gain.23.After taking the course,the students should be able to _.A.improve their academic performance B.accept financial challenges at any time C.understand people from various backgrounds D.build a stable financial foundation for the future B I was si
25、tting in a chemistry lab class during my first year of university,nervous about the experiment we were to perform.I grabbed a pipette（吸液管）and，as I feared，my hand started to shake.The experience was disheartening:I was hoping to pursue a career in science,but I started to wonder whether that would be
26、 possible.I thought my dreams had crashed to the ground.I was a boy born with brain damage.My family managed to find good doctors where we lived,in Leningrad（now St.Petersburg）,Russia,and I took part in clinical trials testing new treatments.Shortly after my first birthday,第4页/共11页 I started walking
27、 and it became clear my intelligence function was unaffected.So,in some sense,I was lucky.Still,I couldnt do some things growing up.Both hands shook,especially when I was nervous or embarrassed.My left hand was much worse than my right,so I learned to write and do simple tasks with my right hand,but
28、 it wasnt easy to do anything precisely.As a teenager,I faced a lot of bullying at school.Feeling alone,I joined a study group called“The natural world”.I thought that getting into the world of animals would keep me away from people.Thats how I came into the field of biology.At university,I enjoyed
29、the lectures in my science classes.Many lab tasks proved impossible,however.As I struggled with my mood,I read a book about depression.From then on,the physiology of mental disorders became my scientific passion.I looked into what was being done locally and was excited to discover a lab that did beh
30、avioral experiments in rats to study depression.At the end of my second year,I approached the professor of the lab to see whether I could work with her.I was afraid to admit I couldnt do some lab tasks.To my relief,she was completely supportive.She set me to work performing behavioral experiments fo
31、r others in the lab with the help of colleagues.I loved the supportive atmosphere and stayed there to complete my masters and Ph.D.Ive come to realize that my hands arent the barrier I thought they were.By making use of my abilities and working as part of a team,Ive been able to follow my passions.I
32、ve also realized that theres much more to being a scientist than performing the physical labor.I may not collect all the data in my papers,but Im fully capable of designing experiments and interpreting results,which,to me,is the most exciting part of science.24.What was the authors dream?A.To live a
33、 normal life.B.To become a scientist.C.To get a masters degree.D.To recover from depression.25.The author said he was lucky in Paragraph 2 because _.A.he didnt lose the function of both hands B.he learned how to walk at the age of one C.his family could afford to see good doctors D.his brain damage
34、didnt affect his intellectual capacity 26.From the passage,it is clear that _.A.the authors own depression inspired him to help others with mental disorders B.the author was surrounded by a team who urged him to further his study C.the authors loneliness moved him towards the world of biology D.the
35、author finally finished the lab tasks on his own 27.What message does the author want to express?A.Loving yourself makes a difference.B.Opportunity follows prepared people.C.A bright future begins with a small dream.D.The sun somehow shines through the storm.C Imagine a simple blood test that could
36、flag most kinds of cancers at the earliest,most curable stage.Liquid 第5页/共11页 biopsies could，in theory,detect a tumor（肿瘤）well before it could be found by touch,symptoms or imaging.Blood tests could avoid the need for surgeons to cut tissue samples and make it possible to reveal cancer hiding in plac
37、es needles and scalpels cannot safely reach.They could also determine what type of cancer is taking root to help doctors decide what treatment might work best to destroy it.Liquid biopsies are not yet in hand,because it is hard to find definitive cancer signals in a tube of blood,but progress in rec
38、ent years has been impressive.Last year the journal Science published the first big prospective study of a liquid biopsy for DNA and proteins from multiple types of cancers.Though far from perfect,the blood test called CancerSEEK found 26 tumors that had not been discovered with conventional screeni
39、ngs.Liquid biopsies can rely on a variety of biomarkers in addition to tumor DNA and proteins,such as free-floating cancer cells themselves.But what makes the search difficult,Ana Robles,a cancer biologist of the National Cancer Institute,explains,is that“if you have an early-stage cancer or certain
40、 types of cancer,there might not be a lot of tumor DNA,”and tests might miss it.The ideal blood test will be both very specific and very sensitive so that even tiny tumors can be found.To tackle this challenge,CancerSEEK looks for cancer-specific mutations（突变）on 16 genes，and for eight proteins that
41、are linked to cancer and for which there are highly sensitive tests.Simple detection is not the only goal.An ideal liquid biopsy will also determine the likely location of the cancer so that it can be treated.“Mutations are often shared among different kinds of cancer,so if you find them in blood,yo
42、u dont know if that mutation is coming from a stomach cancer or lung cancer,”says Anirban Maitra,a cancer scientist at the Anderson Cancer Center.To solve that problem,some newer liquid biopsies look for changes in gene expression.Such changes,Maitra notes,are“more organ-specific”.On the nearer hori
43、zon are liquid biopsies to help people already diagnosed with cancer.Last year the government approved the first two such tests,which scan for tumor DNA so doctors can select mutation-targeted drugs.Scientists are working on blood tests to detect the first signs of cancer recurrence（复发）in patients w
44、ho have completed treatment.This work is moving fast,but does it save lives?That is the question companies such as Thrive and Grail must answer for their broadly ambitious screening tests.“These companies have to prove that they can detect early cancer and,more important,that the early detection can
45、 have an impact on cancer survival,”Maitra observes.28.According to the passage,liquid biopsies are expected to _.A.flag cancer and determine the treatment B.detect cancer signals from a sample of blood C.take images of tumors and prevent potential cancers D.show types of cancer by measuring the amo
46、unt of proteins 29.What can we learn from the passage?A.Signs of cancer recurrence are not detectable.B.Different kinds of cancer have different gene mutations.C.Biomarkers are much more reliable than tumor DNA and proteins.D.Organ-specific cancers will be identified through changes in gene expressi
47、on.30.The author is mostly concerned about whether A.liquid biopsies can discover tumors conventional screenings cant find 第6页/共11页 B.liquid biopsies can improve the application of mutation-targeted drugs C.liquid biopsies can help save the lives of those with cancer D.liquid biopsies can be develop
48、ed for cancer prevention D Technology seems to.discourage slow,immersive reading.Reading on a screen,particularly a phone screen,tires your eyes and makes it harder for you to keep your place.So online writing tends to be more skimmable and list-like than print.The cognitive neuroscientist Mary Walt
49、 argued recently that this“new norm”of skim reading is producing“an invisible,game-changing transformation in how readers process words.The neuronal circuit that sustains the brains capacity to read now favors the rapid absorption of information,rather than skills developed by deeper reading,like cr
50、itical analysis.We shouldnt overplay this danger.All readers skim.Skimming is the skill we acquire as children as we learn to read more skillfully.From about the age of nine,our eyes start to bounce around the page,reading only about a quarter of the words properly,and filling in the gaps by inferen
