1、四川省成都市新都区2021-2022学年高一下学期期末测试英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读理解Stories Behind Famous Company NamesInventor Caleb Bradham had originally wanted to be a doctor but started working in a pharmacy when he returned home to North Carolina. In 1893, he made up what he first called “Brads Drink,” a mix of water, sug
2、ar, caramel, lemon oil, nutmeg, and other flavors. Five years later, he renamed it Pepsi-Cola. He claimed the drink could help with digestion(消化), or dyspepsia, the term from which Bradham adapted the name Pepsi.This luxury car maker combined elements from the Ford and Oldsmobile companies when it w
3、as started in 1902 and later became known for its innovation and high quality. The company was named after the French explorer Antoine Laumet de la Mothe Cadillac, who founded the city of Detroit in 1701.Company co-founder Gordon Bowker has said that while brainstorming names, someone brought out a
4、map that featured the old mining town of Starbo. That may have led him to think of Starbuck, the first mate in Herman Melvilles famous novel, Moby Dick. Not only the company name but also the origin of its logo has aroused great curiosity.The inventor of Rolex, Hans Wilsdorf, was looking to make an
5、elegant, yet precise, wristwatch. He wanted a name that was easy to say, worked in different languages, and looked good on the watches. He settled on Rolex in 1908.1Which company name has a close relationship with literature?APepsiBCadillacCStarbucksDRolex2Which of the following statements is True?A
6、Caleb Bradham aimed to cure dyspepsia with Pepsi.BHans Wilsdorf intended Rolex to be universally accepted.CCadillac was named after the founding father of the company.DStarbucks was used due to the co-founders love for his hometown.3From the passage, we can learn that .Aa famous company name is easy
7、 to spellBa special story can make a company famousCa company name usually has a special meaning in itDa company name is related to the founders professionIn British Bristol, 70 English women at once entered into legal marriage with dozens of trees in protest (反对，抗议) against their being cut down. Th
8、ey married the trees in an attempt (试图) to prevent them from being cleared for construction (建造) of residential buildings worth 55 million in the forest. The British construction company has applied for the construction of 166 houses in Bristol, including luxury (奢华的) cottages. At the same time, the
9、 townspeople were especially angry at the fact that the application did not show the exact number of trees that are planned to be cut down. So, in order to attract the attention of the government, the activists organized an unusual wedding ceremony to save the forest.The event took place at a park o
10、n Spike Island. The women who went there, dressed in wedding dresses, held photographs of the suitors in their hands. The celebration itself took place according to the classic storylinewith groomsmen and wedding vows (誓词). The organizer was John Tarleton, a professor at the Bristol Veterinary Schoo
11、l, According to him, this action was supposed to suggest that tees are partners of people throughout their life.The idea to hold such a ceremony came from Siobhan Kierans, who admitted that she came up with it by the story of women from the environmental movement Chipko, who chained (链在一起) themselve
12、s to trees in the 1970s to save them from destruction by logging companies.The protesters said that Bristol needs trees more than luxury private housing. One of the brides, Suzan Hackett, said, To get married to a tree is a real honor. Its not a show. Its highly significant (important) and symbolic.
13、4Why did the women marry trees?ATo protect the trees from going extinct (dying out).BTo appeal to (呼吁) people to plant more trees.CTo draw the governments attention to save the forest.DTo blame the company for damaging trees.5What does the underlined word suitors in Paragraph 2 refer to?AThe men to
14、marry.BThe companies to build houses.CThe buildings to be pulled down.DThe trees to be saved.6What inspired Siobhan Kierans to create such an event?AA previous (以前的) environmental campaign.BCruel behavior of logging companies.CMovements of women fighting for rights.DWomen chained to trees for their
15、faults.7What does Suzan Hackett think of the event?AInteresting.BMeaningful.CPioneering.DEmotional.Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized wa
16、y, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond m
17、ore appropriately to the user.The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesn t just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based
18、 on what it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and
19、 are already finding their way into some of these spaces.Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company s “ Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product s location in the store. It ca
20、n also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees
21、. “ We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us,” said Breazeal.8How are social robots different from household robots?AThey can control their emotions.BThey are more like humans.CThey do the normal housework.DThey respond to users more slowly.9What can a Jibo ro
22、bot do according to Paragraph 3?ACommunicate with you and perform operations.BAnswer your questions and make requests.CTake your family pictures and deliver milk.DObey your orders and remind you to take pills.10We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will _.Atrain employeesBbe our wo
23、rkmatesCimprove technologiesDtake the place of workers11What does the passage mainly present?AA new design idea of household robots.BMarketing strategies for social robots.CInformation on household robots.DAn introduction to social robots.Anyone watching the Winter Olympics in Beijing, China over th
24、e last few days has seen man-made snow. Since the area gets little natural snow, the Winter Olympics took place on almost 100% man-made snow for the first time. This years Winter Olympics were held in Beijing, China, and in two areas northwest of Beijing, Yanqing and Zhangjiakou. The areas get cold
25、in the winter, but they dont get a lot of snow. Thats because theyre not far from the Gobi Desert, and are generally very dry.China took water from a reservoir (水库) which helped supply Beijings drinking water and sent it to a nearby river. To carry the water to the mountains for making snow, China r
26、an miles and miles of pipes. China says making the snow took about 49,000 gallons ( 185,500 liters ) of water. China hired a company called TechnoAlpin to create the snow. TechnoAlpin created man-made snow at several earlier Winter Olympics. For the snow in this years Olympics, TechnoAlpin laid over
27、 40 miles ( 64 kilometers ) of pipes and brought in hundreds of snow-making machines. With all equipment, making the snow for this years Games took seven weeks.Man-made snow isnt the same as natural snow, which has more air and less water. Still, the advanced machines can make several different kind
28、s of snow depending on whats needed for each sport. China says that the snow at this years Winter Olympics was produced by using wind and solar energy.Man-made snow was used in the Winter Olympics in 2010 and 2014 because of warm weather. In the 2018 Games in PyeongChang, South Korea, approximately
29、90% of the snow was also made by machine.12What is the first paragraph mainly about?AThe classification of skiing.BThe necessity of creating artificial snow.CThe significance of the Olympics.DThe characteristics of the Gobi Desert.13What is needed for transporting water?AReservoirs.BMachines.CEquipm
30、ent.DPipes.14What can we infer about man-made snow?AIts types vary in every sport.BIt has no difference from natural snow.CIt became uncommon in winter sports events.DIt cant be made in environment-friendly ways.15What can be a suitable title for the text?AThe Dry ConditionsBSnow-making MethodsCThe
31、Artificial SnowDChinas Winter Olympics二、七选五Be a good touristTourism can be good or bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems._16_ Tourists have used paint, rocks or even keys to write on the Luxor Temple in Egypt, the
32、Colosseum in Rome, Stonehenge in the UK, memorial stones at the bottom of Qomolangma, and many, many other places. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”. _17_ If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someones life with kindness and lov
33、e. Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction.Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing the local people and life._18_ For example, Chang Mai University in Tailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and wa
34、lking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students and disturbing their studies. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate. _19_The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk b
35、y, crossing roads without observing local traffic laws, and many more. The only way to solve the issue of the terrible tourist is to make sure that you not the one! _20_Remember, whenever you step outside your countrys borders, you are representing your country to the rest of the world.AJust think f
36、rom other aspects.BWhen in Rome, do as the Romans do.CHave fun in a way that does not disturb others.DBe the best, kindest, most polite tourist possible.EI have three words for people like this: please stop it.FOne growing problem is tourists who want to prove that they have visited someplace.GSome
37、tourists wander around and take pictures of local people without asking for their permission.三、完形填空I was a young newspaper reporter, and I wanted to succeed. My first _21_ was in Latin America. It was almost my last job. I had not planned to stay in the village of Zacate, _22_ it had been raining ha
38、rd for a whole day. So I had to stay there.I found people there full of _23_. This village was at the foot of a volcano (火山). It was becoming more _24_. Men, women and children came to the square. A few _25_ each other and went out of town to get as far away from the volcano as possible, with large
39、and full _26_ in their hands. Suddenly, I felt a strong _27_. The villagers in the square ran away as _28_ as they felt the earthquake.At the right time, I saw black smoke _29_ down the side of the mountain towards the village. Trees and grass burned up in a second. The volcano eruption was coming s
40、o _30_ that in less than a minute the roads to the villages were _31_. All I could do was watching and _32_. Suddenly, my landlord (房东) cried out, “Look!” He _33_ to a small hill. The lava (岩浆) was not coming over it but _34_ on each side of the village, _35_ the village center undamaged. Luckily, f
41、or a time, at least, we were _36_.My landlord gave me a _37_ blanket to cover myself to avoid the _38_ and we poured water over our heads to cool ourselves. We could hardly breathe because of the heat and the _39_ of the burning houses. Thanks _40_ my landlord, I survived the volcano.21AfriendBjobCt
42、ripDshopping22AsoBifCorDbut23AhappinessBfearCdecisionDpower24AcomfortableBweakCactiveDcalm25AhelpedBsawCcaughtDfound26AflowersBumbrellasCbooksDpacks27AfloodBearthquakeCcoldDfire28AfastBquicklyCsoonDquietly29ArollingBdisappearingClyingDsettling30AgraduallyBfrequentlyCstronglyDhardly31Aput offBcut off
43、Cbuilt upDfixed up32AwaitingBshoutingCcomplainingDcrying33AreturnedBaddedCgotDpointed34ArecoveringBrestingCseekingDflowing35AleavingBmakingClettingDgetting36AdangerousBwarmCsafeDhealthy37AdryBnewCsmallDwet38AlightBheatCfearDcoldness39AsmokeBsmellCsightDsound40AforBofCtoDwith四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处
44、填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Last Friday, doctors at the University of Maryland Medical Center successfully replaced _41_ heart of a very sick man with a specially-grown pigs heart. It is the first time that doctors _42_ (do) this surgery by now. After three days, the patient appears to be doing very well.
45、Dr. Bartley Griffith who is the first surgeon _43_ ( perform ) the operation, said this had never been done before. David Bennett, 57, is the man offered the heart. He was given special _44_ (permit) to have the unusual operation because without it, he would have died.Transplants (移植) usually come f
46、rom people who have died, but want _45_ (they) organs to be used to help other people live. There are far _46_ (large) numbers of patients who need organs than those of organs. Over 3,800 Americans got heart transplants last year. But there are _47_ (rough) 110,000 people who are waiting for some ki
47、nd of transplant. For years, scientists have tried to figure out _48_ they transplant organs from other animals into humans. This is hard because the human body almost always rejects something that isnt its own.Muhammad is one of the _49_ (doctor) who helped perform the surgery. Hes been working to develop methods to help preven
