1、北京市东城区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、完形填空Jeremy Locke, who owns a roofing and construction company, had always been wanting to 1 the roof of Jeanette MacDonalds home. Whenever he drove past the womans home, he 2 that another group of repairmen had taken on the job. But as weeks wore on, t
2、he roof continued to worsen without any 3 of repair. “I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community, Id love to,” said Locke to his wife. When Locke finally 4 MacDonald about fixing her roof for free, however, she politely turned him down because she did not like to
3、accept 5 . She told Locke, “I applied for a government grant (补助金) to fix the roof and Ill be more than happy to 6 you once the grant application was approved”. 7 , the approval never came. So Locke changed tactics (策略). The sympathetic construction worker played a/an 8 trick to make her accept his
4、help. He invited MacDonald to enter a raffle (抽奖) that his business was holding for a free roof. After MacDonald got one of the raffle tickets, Locke told her that she was the 9 . Not until the new roof was finished did MacDonald know that she was the only one who had entered the raffle. MacDonald s
5、aid that she didnt know how to express her 10 to Locke, saying that he was her “guardian angel”.1AdesignBrepairCdecorateDconstruct2AannouncedBacknowledgedCassumedDappreciated3AsignsBhopeCmeansDneed4Awent along withBkept track ofClooked out forDreached out to5AcharityBapologiesCadviceDinvitations6Aaw
6、ardBthankCtraceDhire7AUnknowinglyBNaturallyCUnfortunatelyDGradually8AunpleasantBinnocentCmeanDcheap9AjoinerBownerChelperDwinner10AgratitudeBgenerosityCsympathyDblessing二、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of
7、 a dead polar bear that 11 (find) on Norways Arctic island of Svalbard, far from its habitat. All that remained of the poor bear were “skin and bones”. Experts claimed that low sea ice levels 12 (cause) by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater dist
8、ances in order to find food. This 13 (alarm) case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earths ecology.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Dean Schneider leaves his life in Switzerland behind and goes to Africa 14 (pursue) his passion and make the world a
9、better place. He was always fascinated by the animal world since he was a child. That is 15 he decided to form a club to help lions born in captivity (圈养). The name of the club is “Hakuna Mipaka”a Swahili expression meaning “no limits”. It develops from five core values that Dean tries hard to follo
10、w: 16 (free), loyalty, appreciation, brotherhood, and boldness.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Construction of the Tower of Pisa began in 1173 17 Pisa was a center of power and wealth. But work was stopped several times because of wars. The eight-story tower was not com
11、pleted until the late 1200s. The tower itself is made of marble (大理石) and 18 (weigh) 16,000 tons. However, the leaning of the tower was not for its weights 19 for the soil underneath. The ground is 20 (soft) on one side than on the other. The south side has sunk 6.1 feet below ground level in the pa
12、st centuries. The north side has sunk 12.3 feet!三、完成句子21在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左宗棠鸡”，它在油炸的鸡肉上淋上甜酱，再佐以煽炒过的红辣椒制成。 (consist of)Americas most popular Chinese dish is General Taos chicken, fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers.22警察问登山者为什么在遇到危险时他们延迟发出求救信息。 (delay, send)The policeman
13、 asked the climbers SOS messages when in danger.23这些图片是水墨动画电影的代表。你看过这些电影吗? (representative)These pictures ink wash animation films. Have you seen any of them before?24防止网络游戏控制青少年的生活至关重要。（prevent）It is essential from dominating a teenagers life.四、阅读理解Have you ever fantasized about how easy life would
14、 be with a personal assistant taking care of all the “little details”? Nowadays, you can get lots of the advantages of an AI assistant right on your phone or computer. Using any of these apps will help you improve your efficiency and productivity with a single clickwhether you are at work or at coll
15、ege, or anything else in between. So go forth and download the best AI assistants: Utter. AIIf youve been looking for a better companion to help you with taking notes during meetings or lectures, Utter. AI is the right one. Utter. AI is an intelligent- dictation app which not only takes notes and re
16、cords the audio but also transcribes the text and has a highlight summary. The app offers up to 600 minutes for free and has an Utter Pro subscription for $8. 33/month. NoundNound is the perfect voice assistant researching tool you need. It doesnt just allow you to search for the nearest subway, or
17、what the weather will be like, with a further question or two you can get more in-depth results. Some reviews claim its the fastest and most intelligent app of its kind. Nound is a free app, but for $ 6.99 you can eliminate (清除) in-app ads and use some extra features. StayFocusdStayFocusd is a free
18、browser extension that improves your productivity by blocking those distracting websites that stop you from working or studying. It gives you total control with the ability to block websites either by time and date, or by time limit. StayFocusd is a free Chrome extension. EasilyDoEasilyDo offers per
19、sonal assistant services focused on communications. With just a few clicks you can customize your email notifications, back up important messages, organize your contacts, have junk and expired emails automatically deleted, and collect attachments and receipts into one, fast-access location. Time. AI
20、Before you can improve your productivity habits, you need to know where youre spending your time. Time. AI does exactly that. It records how much time youre spending on the different apps and websites. Once it has a full report it will show you your statistics and tell you when youve been productive
21、 and when you havent. With the report, you can set daily “Focus Work” goals and it will keep track of it to make sure youre doing the work you want to do. Time. AI gives you a 30-day free trial and will give you a special price depending on your unique needs.25Which of the following can offer help t
22、o locate an ideal hotel?AUtter. AI.BNound.CStayFocusd.DEasilyDo.26“Time. AI” is to help you _.Atake notesBunderstand your needsCkeep focusedDdetail your daily routine27The passage is written to _.Aemphasize the importance of AI assistantsBrecommend some AI-powered appsCoffer advice to personal assis
23、tantsDexplain the way apps workIn the middle of San Franciscos Golden Gate Park, Amanda Barrows carefully placed a wooden nightstand(床头柜) on the ground. She attached a sign reading, “Take a poem, leave a poem.”“Its completely unexpected,” said Barrows, a park ranger (管理员) by day and a poet by night.
24、 “Im really taken aback by the outpouring of support.”Barrows has always considered herself a writer, so she enrolled in a class called Poetry for the People. The final project of the class is to find a way to “bring poetry into the community”. At first, Barrows struggled to land on an idea. Eventua
25、lly, she realized that she could fuse her love for parks and her love for poetry. A coworker gave Barrows a weathered nightstand. She thought it would be the perfect tool for her project. She filled the drawer at the top with fresh paper and pens and added a box at the bottom for poems. To get the b
26、all rolling, she asked her close friends to add their favorite poems to the drawer for people to take away. The poetry nightstand reminded her of Little Free Libraries. That project features bookstands stationed across the city. People can leave and take books from little libraries. She only had a s
27、ingle nightstand to work with, so Barrows decided that she would leave it in a park for four days before moving it to a new location. San Franciscos Recreation and Park Department manages about 220 parks, and Barrows goal is to bring the poetry nightstand to all of them. Since the project started, p
28、eople have added a wide range of writing. Barrows shares most of the submissions on social media. Some are clearly composed by kids, while others are more refined. People have also written poems in various languages. “I love to see different peoples handwriting and share their personal words,” Barro
29、ws said. The instructors of Poetry for the People said the nightstand fulfilled the main purpose of the project. Other students in the class wrote poetry on sidewalks with chalk. Another gave out poems disguised as parking tickets. Tanea Lunsford Lynx, a guest instructor for the class, says the proj
30、ect is “an invitation to slow down”. She believes that the old-fashioned nightstand stands out in a city that is filled with new technology. Barrows says she intends to “keep this going indefinitely,” and she hopes others will build off the project and contribute their own creativity. “It really is
31、a community project,” Barrows said. “It belongs to all of us.”28Why did Barrows put the nightstand in the park?ATo share poetry submissions.BTo follow Little Free Libraries.CTo advertise a poetry class.DTo complete a required task.29What does the underlined word “fuse” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A
32、Combine.BReveal.CStrengthen.DClarify.30What do we know about Barrows project?AIt has involved 220 parks.BIt is popular on social media.CIt improves peoples handwriting.DIt makes poetry reach more people.Overly technical language in science articles doesnt just muddy the waters for non-expertsit can
33、alienate readers, potentially shutting them out from scientific discussion and knowledge. Thats the conclusion of a study published in the Journal of Language and Social Psychology, and it applies to general-interest articles just as much as to scientific papers. “When we have a hard time conceptual
34、izing information, we become really scared of it,” says lead author Hillary Shulman, a communication researcher. Scientists can create “unnecessary barriers” with words, she says. The study involved 650 members of the general public who read paragraphs on three cutting-edge topics: self-driving cars
35、, robotic surgery and 3D bio-printing. The members are divided into two groups: for the experimental group, the paragraphs were loaded with jargon terms (行业术语), such as “remote ergonomic console”; for the control group, the paragraphs were written with words that are familiar to most readers, such a
36、s “separate control panel”. After reading the passages, the study participants rated their experience in a series of questionnaires. Those who read jargon-filled paragraphs were more likely to say that they had difficulty understanding the language and the information. They were also significantly m
37、ore likely to say that they werent good at science, and less likely to say that they would seek out information on the topic in the future. Some of the participants who read the jargon- heavy text received links to definitions of technical terms, but that didnt reduce their frustrations or enhance t
38、heir feelings of understanding. Scientists can learn to cut back on their use of technical language when talking to people who are not researchers, says Ayelet Baram-Tsabari, a science-communication researcher. She co-authored a January study showing that scientists with media training can write art
39、icles that are just as engaging as pieces written by professional journalists. “Avoiding jargon is a fundamental part of that, but its not the whole story,” she says. To really connect with the public, she recommends that scientists tell a story thats relevant to the audience. Members of the public
40、arent the only ones who can be turned off by jargon, Shulman says. Students can be, too. “I teach a class with 400 undergrads,” she says. “When youre training people, you can introduce jargon with a little more sensitivity. Youre trying to invite them into the environment.”Of course, technical words
41、 still have an important function in science. Shulmans paper is itself heavily loaded with terms such as “metacognition” and “self-schema”. “The irony of that is not lost on me,” she says. “When it comes to scientific literature, you cant get anything published unless its full of jargon. Scientists
42、want to speak to other scientists in the most precise way possible.”31In the study, participants in the experimental group probably find themselves _.Alacking in elementary reading skillsBuninterested in reading definitions of jargonCincompetent to deal with complex informationDnot confident about g
43、rasping new science topics32According to Baram-Tsabari, scientists had better _.Apublicize science in a more accessible wayBreceive the training for professional journalistsClimit jargon in communication with each otherDconduct extensive research related to the public33What does Shulman think of usi
44、ng jargon in her paper?ADisadvantageous.BShameful.CUnavoidable.DTricky.五、七选五Do you feel like you can remember things better when you actively engage with the information and create your own version of it? 34 This phenomenon has important implications when it comes to understanding how people learn.
45、Tests on the generation effect show that when users encounter a list of words presented in the form of fragments (片段), they will engage several areas of the brain to create words to fill in the blanks. 35 Researchers believe this is because of the deeper level of cognitive (认知的) engagement involved
46、in the process of creating new words. Teachers and instructors need to be aware of the role the generation effect can play in the classroom. Students who just receive written material they can read may not understand it as fully as students who engage with it by taking notes, completing writing exer
47、cises, and so forth. 36 Rather than giving students a list of correctly spelled words and asking them to memorize it, the teacher can ask students to complete worksheets where they must fill in blanks to spell the words. 37 If a student simply reads a textbook, he/she will not absorb the information as well as when he/she takes notes and recreates charts and other materials presented in the book. Students preparing for an examination may find it helpful to write out material from the text, rephrasing in their own words as ap
