1、中考英语必备句型一、基本句型1主语+谓语eg:Class begins.开始上课。2 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 eg:I was doing my homework.我正在做作业。3主语+系动词+表语注：常用的系动词有:be, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, seem, get, grow, become, turn 等。 eg:The cake tastes delicious.蛋糕尝起来很美味。eg:I am a student.我是一名学生。4主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语eg:He asked me to help him.他要我帮助他。
2、5 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语注：间接宾语一般指人,直接宾语一般指物。eg:Jim gave me a nice eraser.吉姆给了我一块漂亮的橡皮。二、There be句型1 There be+主语+介词短语.某处有.注：如果有并列主语,根据就近原则,be要与和它相邻的名词的数保持一致。eg:Look! There is a horse racing program on TV now.看!电视上正在赛马!(吉林长春) eg:There are so many people over there. Whats happening?那里有那么多人。发生什么了?(四川资阳)2
3、( .)+be there+主语+其他?有.吗?eg:ls there a bike under the tree? 树下有一辆自行车吗?eg:How many students are there in your class?你们班有多少学生?3 There is something wrong with.出毛病了。注：形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词要放在不定代词的后面。eg:There is something wrong with my computer.我的电脑出毛病了。4 There is nothing wrong with.没有毛病。eg:There is nothing wron
4、g with the phone.电话没有问题。5 There be+名词+动词-ing 形式.有在做eg:There are about 1,000 pandas living in nature reserves to- day,如今大约有1000只大熊猫生活在自然保护区。6 There may/might/can be+名词+其他可能有.eg:There cant be water here.这里不可能有水。三、It句型1 lt is+名词+to do sth.做某事注：本句型中的名词多为抽象名词,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。eg:Its my pleasure t
5、o help you.我很高兴能帮上你的忙。2 lt is+形容词+to do sth.做某事.eg:Its hard to finish it on time.很难准时完成。3 lt is+形容词+of/for sb+to do sth.对某人来说做某事.注：如果形容词是nice, kind, wise 等用来修饰人品行的词要用of;若形容词是possible, necessary, hard 等表示客观情况的词要用for。eg:Its kind of you to help me.你帮我真是太好了。eg:lt is necessary for us to work overtime the
6、se days.这些天我们有必要加班。4 lt is ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事了。eg:Its my tum to do the clean- ing.轮到我打扫卫生了。5 It is time+for to do sth.到了(做)某事的时候了。注 ：Its time for sb to do sth.意为“是某人做某事的时候了”。 eg: Its time for CCTV news.到了中央新闻联播的时间了。(浙江舟山)eg:Its time for breakfast.该吃早饭了。eg:Its time to get up.到了起床的时间了。6 lt ta
7、kes sb some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。表示“花费”这一概念的词还有pay,spend,cost 等;pay, spend 的主语是人,cost的主语是物。eg: It only takes him 20min utes to drive to his office ev ery day.每天开车到他的办公室仅仅花费他20 分钟。(辽宁鞍山)7 lt is the+序数词+time+that从句这是第次做某事。eg:It is the first time that I have been to Shanghai.这是我第一次去上海。8 It is sai
8、d/reported/thought that.据说/报道/认为.eg:It is said that he is rich.据说他很富有。9 lt is some time since.自从有多长时间了。注：本句型通常用一般时态，而不用完成时态。since从句的谓语动词多为瞬间性动词。 eg:It is three years since I left school.我毕业已经3年了。10It is/was.that/who/whom.正是注：强调时间、地点、原因状语时,只能用that;强调的部分是人时,可用who/whom代替 that。eg:It is from the sun that
9、 we get light and heat.我们正是从太阳那里得到了光和热。 eg:It was he who read three books in the library yesterday.昨天是他在图书馆读了3本书。11 Its true that.是真的。eg:Its true that some ads can be useful. 有些广告确实有用。四、感叹句句型1 What ( a/an)(+形容词)+单数名词/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!eg:What a clever boy he is!多聪明的小男孩啊!eg:What fine weather it is!多好的天气啊
10、!2 What(+形容词)+复数名词(+主语+谓语)!eg:What funny stories they are!多有趣的故事啊!3How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!注:省略句中常省略主语和谓语,当句子的谓语动词为be时,what引导的感叹句和how引导的感叹句可以互换。eg:How lovely (the flower is)!多漂亮的花啊!eg:What a lovely flower (it is)!多漂亮的花啊!五、祈使句句型 1 Lets/Let us/Let me do sth!让我们/我来做某事吧!注“Lets.”包括听话者和说话者双方,“Let us.”不包括听话者。本句型的
11、否定结构为“Lets/Let us/Let me not do sth.”。eg:Lets go for a walk, shall we? 我们出去散步吧,好吗?(北京)eg:Let us go for a walk, will you? 你让我们出去散步吧，好吗?eg:Lets go shopping.我们去购物吧2 Dont do sth.不要做某事。eg:Dont tell lies.不要说谎。3 No+动词-ing 形式/名词.不要/禁止eg:No parking! 禁止停车!4 Never+动词原形+其他!不要!注 ：never 意为“千万别”,“绝对不要”,表示否定含义,因此 n
12、ever后切记不要加dont。 eg:Never say die!不要失望!eg:Never tell a lie.不要撒谎。5 简单句/祈使句+and+简单句做，就会用and表示条件与结果并存，译为“因此”。eg:Work hard and youll sue- ceed. 努力工作,你就会成功。6 简单句/祈使句+or+简单句要/不要.,否则用or表示条件与结果不并列,译为“否则”。eg:Dont stay up late, or youll feel sleepy.不要熬夜太晚,否则你会困.六、比较、选择句型1 .as+形容词/副词的原级+as. 和.一样用本句型用于同级比较。第一个as
13、 是副词,第二个as是连词。“as.s”之间必须接形容词或副词的原级。eg:This bike is as new as yours.这辆自行车和你的那辆一样新。eg:I can swim as fast as you can.我游泳游得和你一样快。2 主语+谓语+形容词/副词比较级+than+被比较对象比更eg:She is as careful as I, but Im much more careful than you.她和我一样仔细,但我比你仔细。(山东潍坊)eg:Tom runs faster than Jim.汤姆跑得比吉姆快。3比较级+and+比较级越来越用本句型用来表示逐渐增
14、加或减少。eg:Our water is getting dirtier and dirtier.我们的水变得越来越脏。(湖南岳阳)4 the+比较级,the+比较级越，越用本句型中前面的是从句，后面的是主句,表示一方程度随另一方程度的变化而变化。 eg:Mr Li asks us to remember that the more careful we are, the less mistakes we will make. 李老师让我们记住我们越仔细,所犯的错误就越少。(山东烟台)5形容词/副词最高级+比较范围中最的。用本句型中的比较范围常用 in, of, among等引出。eg:She
15、 is the tallest in our class. 她是我们班最高的。eg:Tom runs fastest in his class.汤姆在他们班跑得最快。6形容词/副词的比较级+than any(other)+可数名词单数(+其他)比都注本句型用比较级的形式表示最高级的概念。eg:China is larger than any country in Africa.中国比非洲任何一个国家都大。(山东烟台)7 one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数.中最的之一。用形容词最高级前面必须加定冠词 the。“a+形容词/副词最高级”表示“很”,相当于very。eg:Mo Yan
16、is one of the most famous writers.莫言是最著名的作家之一。eg:One of the most popular expressions is“positive energy” now.现在的流行语之一是“正能量”。8 Which do you prefer like better, A or B?A和B你更喜欢哪个?eg:Which do you like better,this one or that one?你更喜欢哪一个,这个还是那个?9 prefer.to.和比起来,更喜欢用 prefer sth 相当于like sth better.eg: I pr
17、efer apples to pears, 和梨相比,我更喜欢苹果。10 would rather.than.宁可也(不愿)g与其不如用主要用于以下句型:would rather do.than do.宁愿做而不愿做.would rather (not) do 宁愿(不)做would do.rather than do.宁愿做而不愿做 eg:She would rather stay at home than go shopping.她宁愿待在家里也不愿意去购物。 eg:Id rather not have break- fast.我宁愿不吃早饭。eg:She would have noodl
18、es rather than have dumplings.她宁愿吃面条也不吃水饺。11 Whats sbs favorite.?某人最喜爱的是什么?用回答时,通常用“My favor- ite.is.”,也可用“I like. best.eg:Whats your favorite movie?你最喜欢的电影是什么?七、倒装句型1 So+助动词/情态动词+主语也一样用在肯定句中,当前者情况同样适用于后者时使用本句型。 eg:-Zhou Ming likes readingEnglish magazines.周明喜欢阅读英语杂志。 So do I.Its good for English le
19、arning.我也喜欢,这对学习英语有好处。(安徽芜湖)2 Neither/Nor+助动词/情态动词+主语.-也不.用在否定句中,当前者情况同样适用于后者时使用本句型。eg: If she doesnt go to the Great Wall next Sunday, neither will l下星期天如果她不去长城，我也不去。(四川攀枝花)3 No sooner.than.=Hardly. when.-就eg:No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang.我刚到家电话就响了。eg:Hardly had I finished ea
20、ting when he came in.我刚吃完他就进来了。4 Here/There/Now +谓语动词+主语eg:Here is a ticket for you.这儿有一张票给你。eg:There comes the bus! 公共汽车来了!eg:Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。八、被动语态句型1一般现在时的被动:主语+be( am, is, are )+动词的过去分词eg:English is spoken all over the world.全世界的人都在说英语。eg:The babies are looked after well here.这些婴儿在这里被
21、照顾得很好。2 一般过去时的被动:主语+be( was, were)+动词的过去分词 eg:The window was blown by wind. 窗户被风吹开了。eg:The letters were written in English.这些信是用英语写的。3一般将来时的被动:主语+will/ shall be+动词的过去分词eg:The work will be finished by them next week.这项工作他们下周完成。eg:I shall be given a chance to play in this game again.我将获得再一次进行比赛的机会。4 现
22、在进行时的被动:主语+be( am, is, are )+being +动词的过去分词eg:Flowers are being watered by the boys.男孩们正在浇花。5 现在完成时的被动:主语+ have/has +been+动词的过去分词eg:The room hasnt been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。eg:The wounded man has been sent to hospital in time.那个受伤的人被及时送到了医院。九、表示数量的句型1 increase/decrease to+增减后的具体数字增加/减少到eg:The populat
23、ion has in- creased to 1.8 million.人口已经增长到了 180 万。2 increase/decrease by+增减的倍数或百分比增加/减少了.eg:The population of this city has increased by 5 percent.这个城市的人口增长了 5%。3 increase/decrease+from+数字+to+增减后的具体数字由增加/减少至eg:The number of the poor decreased from 125 million to80 million.贫困人口数量由1.25 亿减少到 8000 万。eg:
24、The number of new students increased from 160 to 210 this year.今年新生人数从160 增加到 210。4 倍数词+as+形容词/副词原级+as.是的倍eg:The dining room is twice as big as the kitchen.餐厅是厨房的两倍大。5 倍数+the size/length/width/ height/weight等单位名词+ of.的尺寸/长度/宽度/高度/重量等是的倍。eg:The big box is five times the weight of the small one.这个大箱子的
25、重量是小箱子的5倍。6倍数词/百分比+形容词/副词比较级+than.比.大/多/宽高等倍。 eg:Dogs sense of smell is up to 100,000 times greater than human being.狗的嗅觉比人的嗅觉灵敏 10 万倍。7 基数词+单位词( metre/inch/ yard/kilogram. )+形容词( long/wide/deep/heavy )长/宽/深/重米/英寸/码/千克。eg:The old man is six feet tall.那位老人身高6英尺。8 基数词+单位词(metre/inch/ yard/kilogram. )
26、+in+名词( length/width/depth/height )长/宽/深重.米/英寸/码/千克。eg:This piece of luggage is 4 kilograms in weight.这件行李有4千克重。十、从句句型1 when/while+时间状语从句，+主句=主句+when/while+时间状语从句当时候，注 ：when 引导时间状语从句时,从句谓语动词既可以是非延续性动词,也可以是延续性动词;while引导时间状语从句时,从句谓语动词必须是延续性动词。eg:When mother was cooking, I was doing my homework.妈妈做饭时,我
27、在做作业。eg:While I was waiting at the bus stop, he passed by.当我在公共汽车站等车时，他走过去了。2 As soon as+时间状语从句,+主句-就用as soon as引导的时间状语从句,从句常用一般现在时表示一般将来时。eg:As soon as he gets there, he will call me back.他一到那里就会给我回电话。3 not.until.直到才注： until 引导的时间状语从句表示将来时间时，要用一般现在时表示一般将来时，当“not.until.”置于句首时,主句部分要用倒装形式。eg: Not unti
28、l today does he pay back my money.直到今天他才把钱还给我。eg:Judy doesnt know she was wrong until she gets some lessons.只有得到教训后,朱迪才会知道自己错了。4 Once+条件状语从句,+主句一旦就eg:Once she arrives, we can start.她一到,我们就可以开始了。5 As/So long as+条件状语从句，+主句.只要就eg:As long as she did this, all would be well.只要她能做到这一点,就万事大吉了。6 Now that+原因
29、状语从句,+主句.既然;由于用now that引导的状语从句一般置于主句前,有时也可以放在主句后;that可省略。 eg:Now that you have already known it, I am going to tell you everything.既然你都知道了，我就把一切都告诉你吧。7 Even if though+让步状语从句，+主句.纵然;虽然eg:Even if he is old enough, he doesnt help with house- work.虽然他足够大了,但他不帮忙干家务。eg:Even if they loved each other, they
30、decided to part.他们虽然相爱,但还是决定分手。8Whether.or ( not ).+让步状语从句,+主句.无论还是,eg:Whether we are rich or not, we are all equal.不管我们是否富裕,我们都是平等的.9 as+形容词/副词原级+as possible.尽可能地。eg:I will help you as much as possible.我会尽力帮你的。10 主句，+so that in order that+目的状语从句.,以便;,为的是.注：so that 还可以引导结果状语从句。eg:I get up early so t
31、hat I can catch the early bus.我早起床为的是能赶上早班车。11 so+形容词/副词原级+that从句.如此以至于注：此句型可以和“too.to.”结构互换。eg:The box is so heavy that I cant carry it.箱子太重了,我搬不动。eg:The box is too heavy to carry.这个箱子太重了,我搬不动。12 lf+条件状语从句,+主句用if条件句可以放在句首，也可以放在主句之后。主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 eg:You will be late for school if you don
32、t get up early.如果你不早起,你上学将会迟到。(天津)13 Unless+条件状语从句,+主句除非,不然用unless 相当于“If.not.”,从反面来表达强烈的语气。 eg:The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier unless we take action to protect them.如果我们不采取措施保护河流,它们只会越来越脏。(安徽)14 The reason why.is/was that.的原因是eg:The reason why I am late is that I got up late.我迟到的原因是我起晚了。
33、15主句+because+原因状语从句,因为用because 引导原因状语从句表示直接的原因。注意: because 一定不能与so用于同一个句子中。eg:He walked slowly because his leg was hurt.他行走缓慢,因为他的腿受伤了。十一、情景交际常用句型1 Could you ( please ).?你能不能?eg:Could you please pass me the salt? 你能把盐递给我吗?2 Can you tell me.?你能告诉我吗?eg:Can you tell me the way to the library?你能告诉我去图书馆怎
34、么走吗?3 Do you have.? =Have you got.?你有吗?eg:Do you have a bike?你有自行车吗?4 Do you think.?你认为吗?eg:Do you think the price is reasonable?你认为这个价格合理吗?5 How are you?你好吗?eg:一How are you? 你好吗?Im fine. Thank you.我很好,谢谢。6 How do you spell.?你如何拼读?eg:How do you spell the word“letter”? 你怎么拼写“letter”这个单词?7 How is it g
35、oing?近况如何?/情况如何?eg:-How is it going? 近况如何? -Very well.很好。8 How is the weather(+地点状语 )=Whats the weather like( +地点状语)?()天气怎么样?eg:-How is the weather in Beijing? 北京的天气怎么样?Its cloudy.多云。9How long/tal/much/many/of ？多长时间/多高/多少/多久? eg:-How long is the ruler?那把尺子多长?一Its30 centimeters.长30厘米。eg:-How often do
36、 you exercise?你多久锻炼一次?-Once a week.一周一次。10 Im afraid.我恐怕eg:-Will you come to myparty? 你会参加我的聚会吗?Im sorry, Im afraid I have no time.抱歉，恐怕我没有时间。11 1 dont know.我不知道eg:I dont know where I can buy a ticket.我不知道从哪里买票。121 hope.我希望用“I hope.”后接动词不定式或 that 引导的宾语从句， that 可以省略。从句多用一般现在时或一般将来时。eg:I hope that you
37、ll have a good time.希望你玩得愉快。13 | think ( that ).我认为eg:I think you should tell him the truth.我认为你应该把真相告诉他。14 1 wonder.我想知道用“I wonder.”后接if/whether或疑问词引导的从句。eg:I wonder who got there late.我想知道谁去那里迟到了。15If you like.如果你愿意的话eg:If you like, you can take them all. 如果你愿意的话，你可以把它们全部带走。16 Thanks for.多谢用“Thank
38、s for.”后接名词或动名词。其答语有:Youre welcome./Thats all right./No problem./Dont mention it./My pleasure.等。eg:Thanks for your letter. 谢谢你给我写信。eg:Thanks for helping me. 多谢你帮我。17 What How about.?怎么样?用后接名词或动名词。常用来提出建议或询问他人意见。 eg:-What about a cup of tea?来杯茶怎么样?No,thanks.不了,谢谢。 eg:-How about that blue one?那件蓝色的怎么样
39、? Its too expensive.太贵了。18 What can I do for you?= Can I help you?我能帮你什么忙吗?/你要买什么?eg:-What can I do for you?你要买什么?I want to buy a sweater.我想买一件毛衣。19 What do/does sb do?= What is/are sb?是做什么的?eg:-What does your motherdo? 你母亲是做什么的? -Shes a teacher.她是一名教师。eg:-What is your sister?你姐姐是做什么的? Shes a nurse.
40、她是一名护士。20 What do you think of.?你认为怎么样?联相当于“How do you like.? ”。 eg:What do you think of the film?你认为这部电影怎么样?21 What is wrong/the matter.?怎么了?eg:-Whats wrong with you?你怎么了?I have a fever.我感冒了。22 Why not.?=Why dont you.?为什么不呢?eg:Why not play basketball?为什么不打篮球呢?eg:Why dont you come and join us? 你为什么不
41、加入我们呢?23Will Would you please.?请您好吗?eg:Will you please see me off tomorrow? 明天为我送行好吗?24 Wish you.祝/但愿/希望你eg:Wish you happiness.希望你快乐。25Would you like+不定式/名词?你要不要?注would 在此不表示过去时，仅表示语气上的客气与委婉。 eg:-Would you like somefish? 你想吃鱼吗?Yes, just a little.是的，来一点儿。26 Would Do you mind.?你是否介意?用:本句型有以下几种用法: Woul
42、d Do you mind doing.? Would Do you mind sb/sbs doing sth?Would Do you mind if.? eg:Would you mind (my) opening the window? 你介意我打开窗子吗?eg:Would you mind if I open the window?你介意我打开窗子吗?27 Youd better ( not ) do sth.你最好(不要)做某事。eg:Youd better do your home- work at once.你最好马上做作业。eg:Youd better not play on
43、 the street.你最好不要在街上玩耍。28 Im sorry.很抱歉.eg:-Im sorry I lost your penyesterday.抱歉我昨天把你的钢笔弄丢了。 Never mind. I have an other one.没关系，我还有一支。29 I( dont ) think so.我(不)这样认为。eg:-He failed his English test again. Are you going to help him? 他英语考试又没有及格。你准备帮他吗?一I think so.我想是的。30 Whats the population of.?的人口是多少?
44、联对人口多少进行提问时，还可用 how large。eg:Whats the population of your hometown?你家乡的人口数量是多少?31 What/Who else.?还有什么/谁?eg:What else do you have to do?你还必须做什么?eg:Who else wants to go? 还有谁想去?32 What+助动词+主语+mean by.?是什么意思?eg:I dont know what you mean by that.我不懂你的意思。十二、其他句型1 by+动词-ing 形式+宾语，主语+can+其他.借着/依靠/通过,能够eg:By
45、 taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.通过做运动,我们总能保持健康。2 the+序数词+单数名词+其他第几个.eg:He is always the first one to come and the last to leave.他总是第一个来,最后一个走。3 .be the first/last to do sth.是第一个/最后一个做某事的人。eg:Hilary and Norgay were the first to climb the Qomolangma.希拉里和诺盖是最早攀登珠峰的人。4 ( al )though even though 引导的从句+主句尽管/虽然,但是注：although 和 though 用作连词时不能和 but 连用,但可跟 yet, still 等连用。eg:Although he was sleepy, he kept on studying.尽管很困,但他还坚持学习。5 .be always doing sth.总是做某事。注：此句型不表示动作正在进行,而是常用来表达说话人的
