1、【20162016年秋季课程】八年秋季课程】八( (上上)1)1- -1010单元复习单元复习 适用学适用学 科科 初中英语 适用年级适用年级 初中二年级 适用区适用区 域域 人教版 课时时长(分课时时长(分 钟)钟) 2 课时 知识点知识点 不定代词,形容词的同级比较,形容词的比较级,形容词的最高 级,形容词的比较级和最高级的常用句式,形容词的比较级前常 用修饰词,频度副词,情态动词的基本用法,一般将来时,条件 状语从句,动词不定式作主语,动词不定式作宾语 教学目教学目 标标 1.能够掌握本册课本中出现的重点语法并能正确应用 2.能够熟练掌握本册课本中出现的重点词和短语及其他们的用法 教学重
2、教学重 点点 形副词等级比较 教学难教学难 点点 动词不定式 教学过程教学过程 一、课堂导入一、课堂导入 通过对教室内可能发生的事进行询问学生或让学生之间互相询问, 复 习本节课所需句型。 二、复习预习二、复习预习 1. If Tina tomorrow, I will call her. A. come B. doesnt come C. will come D. coming 【答案】【答案】B 【解析】【解析】句意表达的是如果 Tina 明天不来,我就打电话叫她。符合 主将从现。Tina 是单三,所以用 doesnt come. 2. She _ the watermelon _ _.
3、It was tasty. A. cut,in half B. cuts, in half C. cut, a half D. cuts, to half 【答案】【答案】A 【解析】【解析】切是 cut,既然发生了,用过去时态 cut,两半是 in half 3. When we practice speaking English,we often end up _in Chinese. A. to speak B. speaking C. spoken D. speak 【答案】【答案】B 【解析】【解析】end up doing sth.意为“以而告终”;句意为“当我们练习 说英语时,我
4、们经常以说汉语而结束”。 4. My sister is eight and she can _ _ of _. A. look after, sheself B. takes care, herself C. take care, herself D. care about, herself 【答案】【答案】C 【解析】【解析】我妹妹八岁了,她能照看自己了。照看有很多表达,含有 of 的只有 take care of。can 为情态动词后面的动词不变。她自己是 herself。 5. The sports meeting will continue _ it rains this after
5、noon. A. if B. since C. as soon as D. unless 【答案】【答案】D 【解析】点拨:【解析】点拨:本句想表达“今天下午如果天不下雨,运动会将继续 举行”。D 项意为“如果不”符合句意。 三、知识讲解三、知识讲解 知识点知识点 1:时态 (1)一般现在时 时间状语:every day 等经常性的 客观真理 永远用一般现在时 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中, 套公式: 主 将从现 (2)一般过去时 表示过去具体时刻的时间状语:yesterday 在 when 引导的时间状语从句,套公式: 主过进 从过 (3)一般将来时 时间状语:tomorrow,this
6、afternoon,next year,one day,in+时间段 be going to 表示打算或准备要做的事情,或者主观判 断即将要发生的事情 “看云识天气” Its going to rain soon.(天快要下雨 了) 知识点知识点 2:形容词、 副词的原级、比较级和最高级 1、规则变化:(1)单音节和部分双音节词, a)+er,est :b)双写 +er,est:c)yi+er,est: (2)双音节或多音节词,在原级前加 more / most. 2、不规则变化:good/well-better-best bad/badly/ill-worse-worst many/much
7、-more-most little-less-least far-farther/further-farthest/furthest 3、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法: (1) 同级比较:“和一样” as.as. “不如.” not as.as.或 not so.as. (2) 比较级比较: 比较级+than. 比较级前可以用 much, a little, even, still 修饰 (3)最高级比较: the+最高级+in/of 范围 in 前后不同类 of 前后同类 (4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。 (5)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越就越”。
8、(6)one of the +最高级+名词(复数)”整个短语为单数含义,谓语要 用单数形式。 (7)“Which / Who,or?”中,两者相选用比较级,三者相选 用最高级 (8)文中有 both/either/neither/twins/of the two 等表两者的词时,用 “ the+比较级” 知识点知识点 3:动词不定式 (1)不定式 to do 否定式:not to do 作主语:常被形式主语 it 代替,而把 to do 置于句尾 例句:It is +adj./n.+(for sb./of sb.)+to do sth. It takes +sb. +st. +to do st
9、h. 作表语:be+to do sth.“是做某事” 作宾语: 常用不定式作宾语的动词有: like, ask, wish, hope, dare, offer, decide, help, long, arrange, learn, start, begin, agree, refuse, want, expect, promise, pretend, plan, manage, afford, prepare 被形宾代替:think/find/make+ it+adj. +(for sb./of sb.)+to do sth. 作宾补:常用带 to 的不定式作宾补的动词有:force, t
10、each, get, tell, know, help, ask, invite, beg, wish, want, forbid, warn, call on, wait for, allow, require, cause, advise, order, permit, encourage, call for, like 常用省略to的不定式作宾补的动词有: have, make, let, feel, see, observe, look at, listen to, notice, watch, hear, discover(被动语态要 还原 to) 作定语:要后置。若不定式是不及物动
11、词,作定语时其后介词 不能省。 (修饰的名词是 time,place,way 时 其后上常省略介词) 作状语: 表目的: go to sp. to do /do sb. can to do /follow sb. to do 表原因:be sorry to do/be happy to do/be pleased to do 疑问词+不定式 相当于一个名词 俗称“宾从省略式” 知识点知识点 4:情态动词 用 may 提问时,肯定答语 Certainly./Sure.或 Yes, you can.;否定答 语 cant/mustnt must 表示“必须”时,否定形式是 mustnt“禁止”;
12、Must I? Yes, you must. No, you neednt. No, you dont have to. 表示“一定”时,否定形式是“cant”“不可能” “have to”表示“不得不”、“必须” Do I have to.? Yes, you must. No, you neednt. No, you dont have to. need “需要”作实义动词 not need to do sth. 作情态动词 neednt do sth. Would you like to do sth.?常用“I would like to”或“Id like to, but.”回答 知
13、识点知识点 5:不定代词 (1)some 和 any :“一些” some 用于肯定句, any 用于否/疑句,+可数 复数/不可数 some 用于疑问句时,表示建议、 请求或希望得到肯定 回答 “任何” any 用于肯定句,+可数单数/不可数 (2)neither 和 none :neither 指两者都不 none 指多者都不 (3)all 和 both :all“都” 3,+可数复数/不可数 both“都”2, +可数复数 (4)every 和 each :every“每一个” 3,,是形容词,表整体概念;不可以 和 of 直接连用 each“每个” 2,是形容词、代词, ,表示单个概念
14、; 可跟 of 连用, (5)either 和 any:either“两者中任何一个” 2;any“多者中任何一个” (6)other,the other 和 another:other“其它的”+人/物=others 并非 剩余所有 the other“其余的”+人/物=the others 剩 余所有 another(另一,再一,又一) 表示在原先基础上 增加 (7)many 和 much:“很多” many+可数复数 much+不可 数 (8)few、 little、 a few、 a little: 注: little 作“小的”讲时, a little boy few、little“
15、很少,几乎没有”,表否定 a few、a little“少数,一 些”,表肯定 few、a few+可数复数 little、a little+不可数 (9)复合不定代词,被视为单数,属于英语中的“敢死队”,永远冲锋在 前,即定语后置 something, someone, somebody, anything, anyone, anybody, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everyone, everybody 四、例题精析四、例题精析 【例题【例题 1】 【题干】【题干】-My skirt is blue. -Oh, mine is the sa
16、me as_ . A. you B. your C. yours D. our 【答案】【答案】C 【解析】【解析】注意,用比较级时要注意,两者要有可比性,此题显然是 我的和你的一样,用名词性物主代词。 【例题【例题 2】 【题干】【题干】-_ do the students play sports? -Twice a week. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How far 【答案】【答案】A 【解析【解析】对频度副词提问要用.How often 【例题【例题 3】 【题干】【题干】You shouldnt go out at night w
17、ithout _ your parents. A. to tell B. told C. tell D. telling 【答案】【答案】D 【解析】【解析】without 为介词,介词后面要跟动名词。 【例题【例题 4】 【题干】【题干】There _ a football game between Italy and Germany tomorrow evening. A. has B. is going to be C. will have D. is going to have 【答案】【答案】B 【解析】【解析】there be 句型的将来时的应用。 【例题【例题 5】 【题干】【题
18、干】I dont know if she _ tomorrow. A. comes B. will come C. come D. came 【答案】【答案】B 【解析】【解析】此题为宾语从句,if 是是否的意思,if she will come tomorrow 做 know 的宾语。注意,此题容易跟 if 条件状语从句混淆。 【例题【例题 6】 【题干】【题干】He often helps his mother _ the housework, but he never _. A. with; get bore B. with; gets bored C. in; get boring D
19、. in; gets bored 【答案】【答案】B 【解析】【解析】此题考查 help sb. with sth.及 get bored 意味觉得无聊。 【例题【例题 7】 【题干】【题干】There will be _ trees and _ pollution in 50 years. A. more; less B. fewer; fewer C. less; fewer D. more; fewer 【答案】【答案】A 【解析】【解析】trees 是可数名词复数,用 few 修饰;pollution 时不可数名 词,用 little 修饰。 【例题【例题 8】 【题干】【题干】Lar
20、ry often helps to _ the best in me. A. find out B. bring out C. come out D. look out 【答案】【答案】B 【解析】【解析】本题考查词组的意思,选项分别为查明,是展现出,出版 和小心,根据题意选 B。 【例题【例题 9】 【题干】【题干】Its dark in the room. I cant see clearly. Please _ the light A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn up 【答案】【答案】A 【解析】【解析】选项的意思分别是打开,关上,
21、调低和调高,根据题目意 思,前面说明室内很暗,应该打开灯。 【例题【例题 10】 【题干】【题干】-Whats the problem? -Were only halfway _ the job. A. to finish B. finishes C. to finishing D. finished 【答案】【答案】C 【解析】【解析】be on halfway to do sth,选 C。 课后作业课后作业 We can see robots in many more different places now. But robots dont have a _1_ history. Now
22、 we may see robots in some films. The robots in these _2_ are much stronger, faster and cleverer than people. In real life, people _3_ robots in factories most of time. Robots can do many dangerous, difficult or boring jobs instead of _4_. Some people cant look after themselves and robots can help t
23、hem in everyday_5_. For example, some blind people use dogs to help themselves_6_ around. These dogs are guide dogs. And now scientists are making a robot to _7_ them. In the future, robot dogs may take the place of these _8_. And these robot dogs can help blind people to do many other useful things
24、. People also use robots in some American_9_. At one hospital, a robot takes meals from the kitchen to the sick peoples room. It never _10_ its way because it has a map of the hospital in its computer system. In the future, robots will work in many different ways. But robots will never take the plac
25、e of human. 1. A. short B. old C. young D. long 2. A. film B. books C. stories D. jobs 3. A. make B. take C. use D. find 4. A. animals B. people C. machines D. teachers 5. A. work B. study C. life D. teachers 6. A move B. look C. sit D. stop 7. A. show B. tell C. see D. help 8. A. people B. guide dogs C. machines D. children 9. A. schools B. factories C. hospitals D. companies 10. A. finds B. loses C. comes D. goes 【答案】1-5 DACBC 6-10ADBCB 课程小结课程小结 本节课主要复习了第 1-10 单元的重要知识点,希望同学们能够熟练 掌握这些用法,同时要重点掌握住的表达方法