人教版八年级下册英语 Unit4 知识点+练习教师(含答案).doc

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1、初中八下英语教师版 1 Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents? 重点重点 单词: allow, wrong, guess, deal, work out,get on with; relation, communication, argue, cloud, elder, instead, whatever, nervous, offer, proper, secondly, communication, explain, clear, copy, return,member, pressure, compete, opinion, skill, ty

2、pical, football, cut out, continue, compare, comparewith, crazy, push, development, cause, usual ,perhaps 句型: 1.Whats wrong? Im really tried because I studied until midnight last night. 2.You could give him a ticket to a ball game. 3.I think you should ask your parents for some money. 4.Why dont you

3、 talk to him about it? 5.I think Wei Ming should 初中八下英语教师版 2 6.Although you may be, you should talk to them. 7.Life shouldnt just be about 8.Why dont they just let their kids be kids? 9.Although its normal to want successful children, its even more important to have happy children. 语法: 学习提建议的句型。 难点难

4、点 能根据对方所提出的问题,给出一些合理的建议。 学会表达建议的一些方式。 易错点易错点 提建议表达方式中动词形式的不同选择。 高频考点高频考点 表达建议的一些方式。 allow v.允许;准许 wrong adj.有毛病的;错误的 Whats wrong 哪儿不舒服 midnight n.午夜;子夜 look through 快速查看;浏览 guess v.猜测;估计 deal n.协议;交易 big deal 重要的事 work out 成功的发展;解决 get on with 和睦相处;关系良好 relation n.关系;联系;交往 communication n.交流;沟通 argu

5、e v.争吵;争论 cloud n.云;云朵 elder adj.年纪较长的 instead adv.代替;反而;却 whatever pron.任何;每一 nervous adj.焦虑的;担忧的 offer v.主动提出;自愿给予 proper adj.正确的;恰当的 secondly adv.第二;其次 communicate v.交流;沟通 explain v.解释;说明 clear adj.清楚易懂的;晴朗的 copy v.抄袭;模仿;复制;复印 return n.归还;回来;返回 anymore adv.再也(不) ; (不)再 member n.成员;分子 pressure n.压

6、力 compete v.竞争;对抗 初中八下英语教师版 3 opinion n.意见;想法;看法 skill n.技艺;技巧 typical adj.典型的 football n.(美式)橄榄球;足球 cut out 删除;删去 quick adj.快的;迅速的;时间短暂的 continue v.持续;继续存在的 compare v.比较 comparewith 比较;对比 crazy adj.不理智的;疯狂的 push v.鞭策;督促;推动 development n.发展;发育;成长 cause v. 造成;引起 usual adj.通常的;寻常的 in ones opinion 依看 p

7、erhaps adv. 可能;大概;也许 Cathy 凯茜(女名) Taylor 泰勒(姓) 第一部分第一部分:词汇词汇精讲精讲 1. allow v 允许允许 allow 作动词,意为“允许”。用法如下: (1)allow sth.意为“允许某事的发生”。例如: I cant allow such a thing. 我不允许发生这样的事。 (2)allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”。例如: We dont allow eating in the classrooms. 我们不允许在教室吃饭。 We dont allow smoking here. 我们不允许在此抽烟。 (3)a

8、llow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。例如: Her father would not allow her to eat sweets. 她父亲不允许她吃糖果。 They dont allow students to smoke in the classroom. 他们不允许学生在教室抽烟。 (4)allow sb. sth. 意为“给予某人某物(尤指钱或时间);让某人有(拥用或带有)某物”。 例如: He allows his son too much money. 他给他儿子的钱太多。 Well allow you time to answer. 我们将给你回答的时

9、间。 2. argue 争吵争吵 argue 作动词,意为“争论,争吵” 。常用短语为: 初中八下英语教师版 4 argue with sb. 与某人争吵 argue about/on sth. 争辩某事 argue for/against sth. 为赞成/反对某事而辩论 例如: Mrs. Brown argued with the waiter about the price of the meal. 布朗夫人因为那顿饭的价格跟服务员争吵。 Next class were arguing about family activities. 下节课我们辩论家庭活动。 argue 对应的名词为

10、argument, 常用词组为: have an argument with sb. about/ on sth. 因某事与某人争论。 例如: I had an argument with my best friend last week. 上星期我与我最好的朋友吵了一架。 【拓展】 argue 与 discuss 的辨析: (1)argue 着重于自己的看法、立场,提出论据,以理说服他人。例如: There is no need arguing about the matter. 不必就此事辩论了。 (2)discuss 重在交换意见,进行讨论,不含有说服对方的成分。例如: Were goi

11、ng to discuss the question. 我们打算讨论这个问题。 3. elder adj.年纪较长的年纪较长的 His elder brother is ill. 他的大哥哥生病了。 【拓展】 elder 用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系,常用作定语 older 泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系,可以用作表语,是 old 的比较级形式。 练习: My _brother is 7 years older than my younger sister. 【2013南京2】 Im surprised that John is only 25. I thought he was _

12、, for he seems to be in his thirties. A. old B. older C. young D. younger 4. instead 代替,反而,替代替,反而,替 instead 作副词,意为“代替,而不是” ,常用作状语。例如: He is tired. Let me go instead. 他累了,让我替他去吧。 She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习,而是整天打网球。 【拓展】 instead 与 instead of 的辨析: (1)instead 是副词,后面不接其他的

13、词,一般情况下可不译出,通常放在句首或句末,在句首时常 初中八下英语教师版 5 用逗号隔开,表示前面的事没做,而做了后面的事。例如: He didnt go to school. Instead, he went to the cinema. 他没有去学校,相反他去了电影院。 (2)instead of 是介词短语,意为“代替,而不是” ,后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、 动词-ing 形式等作为介词宾语。例如: He went to the cinema instead of going to school. 他去了电影院而不是学校。 练习: Health is very impo

14、rtant to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit _ rich food. A. instead B. instead of C. because of D. because 5. communicate v.交流交流 【拓展】 communication n. 交流;沟通 communicate with sb. 和某人交流 They communicate with each other by QQ. 他们通过 QQ 互相联系。 练习:They cant understand each other so they have diffi

15、culty in _. A. communicate B. communicated C. Communicating 6. explain v. 解释解释 explain 是动词,意为“解释,说明,阐明” 。其用法如下: (1)explain sth. to sb.意为“向某人解释某事” 。例如: Please explain that rule to me. 请把这条规则给我讲一讲。 (2) “explain (to sb.) + 疑问词 + 从句”意为“向某人解释” 。例如: Please explain to me what this means. 请向我解释这是什么意思。 (3) “

16、explain + that 从句” 意为“解释” 。例如: He explained that we could no longer stay. 他解释说我们不能再待下去了。 【注意】 explain 后面不能接双宾语,在接间接宾语 sb.时,前面应加介词 to,即 explain sth. to sb. 练习: 【江苏扬州】Mr. Wu always spends a lot of time _(解释) things to us. 7. return v. 归还,回来归还,回来 【常用搭配】return (1)v 归还=give back return . to . = give back

17、 to . 把.还给. (2)v 回来;返回 = come back 练习: 【2012 浙江宁波】He borrowed my iphone 4 and didnt _(归还)it to me. 8. pressure n.压力压力 初中八下英语教师版 6 【拓展】press v 按;压 pressure 压力 (1)不可数名词 (物理学)压力 air pressure 气压 blood pressure 血压 (2)不可数名词 还可指精神上、外界施加的压力 = stress under pressure 在压力下 9. compete v.竞争竞争 【拓展】compete v 竞争;对抗

18、competition n 竞争 【常用搭配】compete with sb. 和某人竞争 compete against/ with 与竞争 compete for 为参加比赛 10. continue 继续;持续继续;持续 【拓展】continue doing sth =go on doing sth 继续做某事(前后做同一件事) continue to do sth = go on to do sth 继续做某事(前后不是同一件事) 练习: Lets continue_(read) the text. The two teams continued _ the game after ha

19、lf an hour A.play B. to play C. playing D. Played 11. compare 比较比较 【拓展】compare A with B 将 A 和 B 比较 (1) compare 作动词,意为“比较,对照” ,常与 with 连用。comparewith 把与.做比较 例如: Compare your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are right. 把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下,看看是否正确。 My handwriting can not be compare

20、d with my fathers. 我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。 If you compare the two books, you will see that this one is better. 如果你比较一下这两本书,你会发现这一本好一些。 (2) compareto 把.比做 compare 作动词,还用作比喻意义,意为“比作” 。例如: Mans life is often compared to a candle. 人生常被比为蜡烛。 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把人世比作舞台。 练习: . People oft

21、en compare a teacher a candle. A. to B. into C. as D. with . Its necessary English Chinese in English study. 初中八下英语教师版 7 A. compare ; to B. to compare ; with C. comparing ; to D. to compare; into 12. cause v. 造成,使发生造成,使发生 【搭配】(1) cause sb. to do sth 使某人做某事 (2) cause sb. for sb. 给某人添麻烦 练习: She always

22、 _ trouble _ people. A. cause; to B. cause ; for C. causing; to D. causing; for Every year driving after drinking wine _ a lot of traffic accidents. A. happens B. provides C. causes D.reasons 【拓展】 cause, reason, excuse 辨析 cause n.原因,指引起某种结果的“原因”,后接介词 of. The cause of the accident was the fact that h

23、e was driving too fast. 事故的原因是他开车开的太快。 reason n.理由,原因,指决定做某事或采取某项行动的理由。 The reason he was driving so fast was that he didnt want to miss an important meeting. 他开车如此快的原因是他不想错过一个重要的会议。 excuse n.辩解,借口,指对某种行为所做的解释,可以是真的,也可以是托词。 He made a good excuse for his driving.他为自己开快车找了一个堂皇的借口。 13. perhaps 也许;可能也许;

24、可能 【拓展】perhaps,probably,possibly,maybe 辨析 perhaps 意为“也许,可能”,一般指比较小的可能性。 Perhaps I will see him the day after tomorrow, but I am not sure. 也许我后天去看他, 不过我不能确定。 probably“很可能,大概”,其可能性最大,表示一种几乎完全肯定的意思。 He will probably refuse the offer.他很可能会拒绝这份提议。 possibly 意为“可能,或许,也许”,可能性较大。 Ill see you today, or possib

25、ly tomorrow.我今天要见你,不过也可能是明天。 maybe“或许,大概”,主要用于非正式场合,常用在口语中,语气比 perhaps 轻。 Maybe you put the letter in your basket. 或许你把信放在你的篮子里了。 14. push push 作动词,意为“推动;挤;鞭策;督促” 。例如: The little boy pushed the door open. 小男孩把门推开了。 We had to push our way through the crowd. 我们得从人群中挤过去。 初中八下英语教师版 8 The math teacher re

26、ally pushes his students. Thats why they dont like him that much. 那位数学老师确实对学生们鞭策过多了。这就是他们不那么喜欢他的原因。 Youd better not push me for an answer to your request. 你最好不要催促我答复你的请求。 15. offer (1)offer 作动词,意为“给予;提供;提出” 。 例如: He offered me 300 dollars for that old car. 他出 300 美元向我买那辆旧车。 Offer some coffee to the

27、guests. 给客人端些咖啡来。 He offered me a cup of tea. 他给了我一杯茶。 (2)offer to do sth. 表示“愿意做某事;主动提出做某事” 。 例如: I offered to help my mother do housework. 我主动提出帮助妈妈做家务。 She offered to drive me to the station. 她表示愿意开车送我去车站。 词汇精练词汇精练 I. 英汉短语互译。英汉短语互译。 1闲逛 _ 2归还 _ 3同意某人(的想法) _ 4与某人和睦相处 _ 5下次 _ 6too much _ 7work out

28、_ 8cut out_ 9get into a fight _ 10play sports_ II. 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。 1She is a _ (成员) of the golf club. 2I want to know your o_ about the plan. 3I think she must be _ (疯狂的). 4Dont _ (推) the door. 5Dont _(比较) me with others. 6The radio says that the soldiers will c_ moving on. 7This is a

29、 _ (典型的) case and let me explain it to you. 初中八下英语教师版 9 8I cant go out with you because my mother doesnt a_ me to go out. 9Your answer is not right. Its w_. 10If you dont know the meaning of the word, just try to g_ it. III. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1Dont give me too much _(press) . Im stresse

30、d out. 21000 children entered the English _(compete)? 3The government did a lot for the countrys _(develop). 4I had an _(usual) experience last night. I didnt believe it at all. 5The man is a _(skill) worker and we should learn from him. 【参考答案】【参考答案】 I. 英汉短语互译。英汉短语互译。 1. hang out 2. give back 3. agr

31、ee with sb. 4. get on with sb. 5. next time 6. 太多 7. 解决;算出 8. 删除;删去 9. 争吵 10. 做运动 II. 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。 1. member 2. opinion 3. crazy 4. push 5. compare 6. continue 7. typical 8. allow 9. wrong 10. guess III. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. pressure 2. competition 3. development 4. un

32、usual 5. skilled 第二部分:重点句型第二部分:重点句型 1. Why dont you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和你打父母谈谈呢?你为什么不和你打父母谈谈呢? 【解析】 “Why dont you + 动词原形 + 其他?”相当于“Why not + 动词原形 + 其他?”意为“为什么 不?”并不表示疑问,而是作建议、询问。例如: Why dont you go with us? = Why not go with us? 为什么不同我们一起去呢? Why dont you go swimming? = Why not go swimming? 为

33、什么不去游泳呢? 【拓展 1】 why not 用在口语中表示赞同,意为“当然,好啊” 。例如: Lets go to the movies. 我们看电影吧。 Why not? 好啊! 【拓展 2】用于提建议的句型有: (1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? .怎么样? (2)Why dont you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢? 初中八下英语教师版 10 (3)Lets do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。 (4)Shall we/I do sth?我们做好吗? (5)had better do/not d

34、o sth 最好做/不做某事 (6) Will/Would you please do sth 请你做好吗? (7) Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗? (8)Would you mind doing sth?你介意做某事吗? 【回答】 (1). 同意对方的建议时,一般用: Good idea./ Thats good idea. 好主意 OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了 Yes, please ./ Id love to 是的/ 我愿意 I agree with you 我同意你的看法 No problem 没问题 Sure/ O

35、f course/ Certainly 当然可以 Yes, I think so 对,我也这样想 (2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时,一般用: I dont think so 我认为不是这样 Sorry, I cant 对不起,我不能 Id love to, but Im afraid我愿意,但恐怕 2.I have to study too much so I dont get enough sleep.我要学的太多,因此我睡眠不足。我要学的太多,因此我睡眠不足。 【解析】(1)too many + 复数名词 许多 too many people (2)too much +不可数名词

36、许多 too much homework (3)much too +形容词 太 much too cold 3.Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday. 哦,昨天我发现我妹妹翻了我的东西。 【解析 1】find sb. doing sth 发现某人正在做某事 Mr. Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class. 类似动词:hear,watch, see, feel 【解析 2】look through 浏览 【拓展】与 look 相关的短语: 初中八下英语

37、教师版 11 look for 寻找 look after=take care of 照看 look like 看起来像 look the same 看起来一样 look over 检查,复习 look through 温习,检查 look out 小心,从里向外看 look up 向上看,查单词 look around 环视 look forward to 期望 4. Yes, but Im still angry with her. 是的,但是我仍然很生她的气。是的,但是我仍然很生她的气。 【解析】be angry with sb. 生某人的气 【拓展】angry adj. 生气的 ang

38、rily adv. 生气地 (1)be angry with sb. =be mad at sb. 对某人生气【with 后接人】 (2)be angry at/about sth 对某事感到生气 【at 后接事】 (3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气 5 .Although shes wrong, Its not a big deal. 尽管她错了,但也不是尽管她错了,但也不是什么大错。什么大错。 although 作连词,相当于 though,意为“尽管,虽然” ,用来引导让步状语从句。它所引导的从句不 能与并列连词 but; and; so 等连用,但可以和 yet

39、; still 等词连用。例如: Although he lives alone, he doesnt feel lonely. = He lives alone, but he doesnt feel lonely. 虽然他一个人住,但他并不感到孤独。 There is air all around us, although we cannot see it. 虽然我们看不见空气,但空气却存在于我们的周围。 【拓展】 although 与 though 的辨析: (1)用作连词,表示“虽然” ,二者可以互换使用,但 although 比 though 更为正式。例如: Though/Alth

40、ough it was raining, we still went there. 虽然下着雨,但我们还是去了那里。 (2)although 一般不用作副词,而 though 可用作副词,且一般放在句末(不放在句首) ,意为“可是, 不过” 。例如: Its hard work; I enjoy it, though. 工作很辛苦,可是我很喜欢。 We all tried our best. We lost the game, though. 我们都尽力最大努力,但我们还是输了。 (3)在 as though(好像,仿佛) ,even though(即使,纵然)等固定短语中不能用 althou

41、gh。 例如: He talks as though he knew everything. 他夸夸其谈,好像无所不知。 6. You left your homework at home. 你把作业忘在家里了。你把作业忘在家里了。 初中八下英语教师版 12 【解析】leave v 遗忘,留下 leave sth . somewhere 把某物忘在某地 leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下 e.g Im sorry,I left my textbook at my sisters home. 抱歉,我把笔记本落在姐姐家里了。 I leave my baby by himse

42、lf. 我把孩子独自留在家里。 7. Hope things work out. 希望事情顺利解决。希望事情顺利解决。 【解析 1】hope v 希望 hope to do sth I hope to visit Guilin. hope + that 从句 (表示希望) I hope that youll be better soon 【解析 2】work out 解决;成功地发展,后跟 fine,well, badly 等词,表明产生的结果如何。 work out 8 .My problem is I cant get on with my favorite. 我的问题是我不能喝我的家人和

43、睦相处。 【解析】get on with sb. 和某人和睦相处;和某人关系良好=get along with get on well/ badly with 相处的好/坏 9.If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. 如果你的父母有问题,你应该主动提供帮助。 【解析】 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 【拓展】offer v 主动给予 (1) offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 (2)offer sb. sth= offer sth to sb. 主动提供给某人某物 10. Im w

44、orried about my school grades. 我很胆小我的学习成绩。我很胆小我的学习成绩。 【解析】 be worried about sth. 担心某事 【拓展】worry v. 担心 worried adj. 焦急的 worry about = be worried about 为担心 计算出(答案、数量、价格等) The math problem is too difficult for me to work out 制定出(计划等) I have worked out a new way of doing it. 解决;找出的答案 The government has

45、many problems to work out. 初中八下英语教师版 13 e.g.She always worries about her husbands health. 她总是为她丈夫的健康担心 Dont worry. I never infect. 别担心,我从不受传染。 11.Who gives their opinions about the problem? 对于这个问题都有谁提出了他们自己的观点。 【解析】opinion n 意见;想法;看法 in ones opinion 以某人的观点;在某人看来 e.gIn my opinion,Tom is a kind boy. 在

46、我看来,Tom 是个善良的小孩。 give opinions about sth. 给出关于某事的观点。 e.g. Doctors can give you some advice about your health。 医生能够对于你的病给出一些建议。 12. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my childrens future. 或许我可以减少他们的一些活动, 但是我相信这些活动对孩子们的未来很重要。 【解析】cut out 删

47、除;删去 (v+adv) Youd better cut out that sentence. cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到 cut in 插队 cut off 切断(水、电)供应 13 .Its time for homework.该写作业了。该写作业了。 【解析】Its time for sth 是到做某事的时候了。Its time for lunch. Its time to do sth Its time to go to school. e.g.Its time for lunch.=its time to have lunch.该吃午饭了。 14 .Mothers s

48、end their small kids to all kinds of classes. 妈妈们把她们的小孩子送去各种各样的辅导班。妈妈们把她们的小孩子送去各种各样的辅导班。 【解析 1】send sent sent v 发送 【短语】 send away 赶走 send for 派人去请 send off 寄出 send out 分发 send up 发射 send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送给某人某物 【拓展】类似的动词有:show (展示; 给看) give (给) lend (借出) offer(提供) return (归还) tell ( 告诉) 15.

49、Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a childs development. 医生说太多的压力不利于孩子们的发展。医生说太多的压力不利于孩子们的发展。 【解析 1】be good for 对.有好处 初中八下英语教师版 14 【拓展】good ( better ; best) adj. 好的 goodness n 好处;善行 ;美德 be good for 对.有益处(反) be bad for 对有害处 be good at +n/doing=do well in +n/doing 擅长于做某事 be good to sb. =be kind to =be friendly to sb.对某人友好 16 .Does Cathy Taylor think its im

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