1、中考复习 非谓语动词非谓语动词 Learning aims: (学习目标学习目标) 1.掌握掌握非谓语动词的含义，非谓语动词的含义， 种类及用法种类及用法。 2.熟悉知识相关中考考法。熟悉知识相关中考考法。 一一.非谓语动词的非谓语动词的含义含义： 在句子中在句子中不做谓语成分不做谓语成分的动词的动词 就叫做非谓语动词。就叫做非谓语动词。 e.g.1. I know a boy called Tom. 2. I ask Betty to rewrite her homework. 谓语动词谓语动词 非谓语动词非谓语动词 谓语动词谓语动词 非谓语动词非谓语动词 二二.非谓语动词的非谓语动词的种类
2、种类： 非 谓 语 动 词 非 谓 语 动 词 动词不定式动词不定式 to do 动名词动名词 V+ing 分词分词 V-ing / V-ed 三三.非谓语动词的非谓语动词的用法用法： 动 词 不 定 式 动 词 不 定 式 1.做主语，表语做主语，表语 To see is to believe. 2.做宾语做宾语 He likes to play. 3.做宾补做宾补 He asked me to go. 4.做定语做定语 I have a lot to do. 5.做状语做状语 Im here to meet you. 6.疑问词疑问词+to+do I dont know how to do
3、 it. 动词不定式的动词不定式的用法解析用法解析： 动词不定式（主动，经常性和将来的意义）动词不定式（主动，经常性和将来的意义） 1-1. 动词不定式动词不定式作主语作主语 1).动词不定式用作句子的主语时，谓语动词不定式用作句子的主语时，谓语 动词用单数形式。动词用单数形式。 To be with you is very enjoyable. 2).常用常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放在作形式主语，而将不定式放在 句子后面。句子后面。 It is very enjoyable to be with you. 形式主语形式主语 真正主语真正主语 动词不定式的动词不定式的用法解析用法解析： 动
4、词不定式（主动，经常性和将来的意义）动词不定式（主动，经常性和将来的意义） 1-2. 动词不定式动词不定式作作表表语语：be + to do sth 注：动词不定式作表语可以和主语的位置互注：动词不定式作表语可以和主语的位置互 换，且常表将来。换，且常表将来。 Her wish is to become a doctor . To become a doctor is her wish . 动词不定式的动词不定式的用法解析用法解析： 2. 动词不定式动词不定式作作宾宾语语 1)在动词在动词want ,hope, would like, decide, wish, choose, try, ne
5、ed, agree, wish, fail后后 常用动词不定式作宾语常用动词不定式作宾语. 如如:I hope to hear from you soon . 2)think/find /feel /make it + adj + to do sth (He) (found) (it) (difficult) (to get to sleep). 形式宾语形式宾语 真正宾语真正宾语 主语主语 谓语谓语 形式宾语形式宾语 宾补宾补 真正宾语真正宾语 3).stop to do sth / stop doing sth stop to do sth 停下来停下来去做去做某事某事 stop doin
6、g sth 停止停止正在做正在做的事的事 remember to do sth记得记得去做去做某事某事 remember doing sth记得记得做过做过某事某事 forget to do sth 忘记忘记去做去做某事某事 forget doing sth 忘记忘记做过做过某事某事 4).begin to do/ doing 差别不大差别不大 like to do/ doing start to do/ doing 动词不定式的动词不定式的用法解析用法解析： 3. 动词不定式动词不定式宾补宾补 1).带带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask / would like /
7、teach /tell /want +sb +to do sth 2).省省to不定式作宾补的动词有：不定式作宾补的动词有：let /make /hear/see/notice/have/watch/find+sb+do sth 注意：主动变被动注意：主动变被动 1.带带to ask sb to do Sb be asked to do sth 2.省省 to make sb do Sb be made to do sth 还原还原to 动词不定式的动词不定式的用法解析用法解析： 4. 动词不定式动词不定式作作定语：常定语：常放在被修饰词名词放在被修饰词名词 或代词之后或代词之后： He is
8、 the first person to get to school. He could do nothing to help the boy. 注：若构成的不定式的动词为不及物动词时，注：若构成的不定式的动词为不及物动词时， 其后加上相应的其后加上相应的介词介词。 I want a pen to write with. I have a small bedroom to live in. 动词不定式的动词不定式的用法解析用法解析： 5. 动词不定式动词不定式作作状语：状语： 1).动词不定式可作动词不定式可作目的状语目的状语 在在come / go / leave 后面接动词不定式作目后面接
9、动词不定式作目 的状语。的状语。 He came here to get his book. 2).动词不定式可作动词不定式可作原因状语原因状语 表语形容词（表语形容词（sorry/sad/happy/ glad /afraid/ pleased）后与动词不定式连用作原因状语）后与动词不定式连用作原因状语 He was glad to see his wife. 3).动词不定式可作动词不定式可作结果状语结果状语 在在tooto , not enough to 句型中的动词不定式作结果状语。句型中的动词不定式作结果状语。 He was too tired to walk on . 动词不定式的
10、动词不定式的用法解析用法解析： 注意辨别注意辨别to 的词义的词义 To有两种用法：有两种用法：1）不定式符号，后接动词）不定式符号，后接动词 原形；原形；2）介词，后接名词或动名词）介词，后接名词或动名词 “to”为介词的常见短语有：为介词的常见短语有： be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事；习惯于做某事； look forward to doing sth期盼做某事；期盼做某事； pay attention to doing sth注意做某事；注意做某事； make a contribution to doing sth为为-做贡献；做贡献； prefer doing s
11、th to doing sth宁愿做宁愿做-而而 不愿做不愿做- stick to doing 坚持做某事坚持做某事 be addicted to doing sth对对上瘾上瘾 非谓语动词的非谓语动词的用法用法： 二、二、动名词动名词（主动，经常性）（主动，经常性） 1.动名词相当于一个名词，作主语时，动名词相当于一个名词，作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。 Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. Its no use/ good doing sth. 2.有些动词或动词短语后面，有些动词或动词短语后面，只能接动只能接动 名词作宾语。名词作宾语。
12、完成实践值得忙完成实践值得忙 (finish,practise,be worth,be busy) 继续习惯别放弃继续习惯别放弃(keep on, be used to, give up) 考虑建议不禁想考虑建议不禁想(consider, suggest, cant help) 喜欢思念要介意喜欢思念要介意(enjoy , miss, mind) 形式主语形式主语 真正主语真正主语 3.动名词作表语可以和主语互换位置。动名词作表语可以和主语互换位置。 Your task is cleaning the windows. Cleaning the windows is your task. 4.
13、动名词作定语强调中心名词的用途。动名词作定语强调中心名词的用途。 a waiting room a washing machine a reading room 非谓语动词的非谓语动词的用法用法： 三三.现在现在分分词词(doing)强调强调主动，进行，主动，进行， 经常性经常性） 1.现在分词常放在现在分词常放在see, hear ,watch , notice 等之后作等之后作宾补宾补。 I saw the boy playing in the street just now . 2.现在分词现在分词作定语作定语常放在被修饰词之前，现常放在被修饰词之前，现 在分词短语要放在被修饰词的后面，
14、相当于在分词短语要放在被修饰词的后面，相当于 一个定语从句。一个定语从句。 A sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping . Did you know the man talking to Mr Li? =Did you know the man who was talking to Mr Li? 3.现在分词现在分词表伴随表伴随情况情况 He came into the classroom ,carrying a book. Saying these words, he threw the big out of the window. Compared w
15、ith Tom, Lucy has more books. 非谓语动词的非谓语动词的用法用法： 四四.过去分词过去分词(done)（强调被动强调被动，完成性完成性） 1.作宾补作宾补 have /get +sth +done 表示请别人干某事表示请别人干某事 或使某物被做或使某物被做. I had my TV repaired last night . 2.作定语作定语 单一的过去分词作定语单一的过去分词作定语，要放在被修饰要放在被修饰 词的前面词的前面，过去分词短语作定语要放在过去分词短语作定语要放在 被修饰词的后面被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句相当于一个定语从句。 a broken c
16、up fallen leaves Have you ever read any books written by Luxun? Have you ever read any books that were written by Luxun? 3.作表语作表语 过去分词作表语已经形容过去分词作表语已经形容 词化词化. I was worried about her. I am interested in reading. 1. He promised _his old friend during his stay in Tianjin. A. see B. seeing C. saw D. to
17、 see 2.The children decide_their school yard this Friday afternoon. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned 3.I found a letter _ on the floor when I came into the classroom. A. lying B. lay C. lie D. lies 4.Many old men prefer _ in a peaceful countryside. A. to live B. living C. live D lived 5.W
18、ould you mind _ in the dining hall?Of course not. A. not to smoke B. not smoking C. smoke D. not smoke 达标测试达标测试 (一一) 达标测试达标测试 (二二) 1.I want to feel the happiness _(bring) by my children. 2.It is no need for you _(go) to school tomorrow. 3.He had his hair_(cut) before the Spring Festival. 4.Would you
19、 please raise your voice _ (make)us hear you clearly? 5.I like watching chat shows， because there are some famous people_(talk)about their lives on these shows. Generally_1_(speak), it is the family, not the school, that plays the primary role in _2_(educate) children for life. Parents are examples
20、of children and children are the apple of parents. In a family that attaches importance to education, parents are their kids guiding stars. Prevention is better that cure. Parents must learn_3_(lead)by example, but_4_(lead) by example doesnt call for perfection by any means. It is no good_5_(use) to
21、o many words. The lessons. That you teach your children by_6_(do) things the right way in their presence are far more long lasting. It is okay_7_(be) wrong. It is okay to be wrong as this is how we learn. So parents should encourage children_8_(admit)and correct when they happen_9_(make) mistakes. C
22、hildren must learn to behave themselves: they apologise and are grateful for_10_(accept) others help, because there is no such thing as being too polite. (三三) 用所给词的正确形式填空，并说明该动词的用法。用所给词的正确形式填空，并说明该动词的用法。 _1_ the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and _2_up very early. On the way, I_3_ in a t
23、raffic jam and an accident happened. One more look and I noticed flames_4_ out from under the disabled vehicle. I hurried to the station, only_5_ that the flight had taken off. With so many passengers _6_ at me, I felt very_7_. I had no choice but _8_to take another flight. Before the plane lands, we are informed of remaining _9_until the plane has come to a complete stop. _10_ to God, my plane landed down safely. What a relief! 达标测试达标测试(四四)-综合填空综合填空 stick, thank tell, seat, embarrass, get, catch, come, look, wait,
