1、UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 教学知识细解码教学知识细解码 1 vi.&vt. (使)挨饿；饿死starvation n饿死；挨饿； 绝食 2 vt.维持；遭受；承受住 adj.可持续 的；合理利用的 3 adj. 全部的； 所有的； 详尽的comprehension n理解 starve sustain sustainable comprehensive 4frequent adj. 频繁的；经常的 adv.频繁地；经 常frequency n频率；频繁 5 vt. 限制； 限定； 束缚 n. 限制规定； 限制法规；约束restrictive adj.限制的
2、；限制性的；约束的 6harmony n协调；和睦；融洽；调和 adj.和谐 的 frequently restrict restriction harmonious 7origin n. 起源；开始original adj.原始的；最初的；独创的； 新颖的 vi.&vt. 起源；发源；创立 8regular adj. 定期的；规律的regularly adv. 定期地；规律地 n. 章程；规章制度 9inspect vt. 检查；查看；视察 n. 检查；查看；视察 10 vt. 忍受；包容；容许tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍 的tolerance n. 宽容；容忍 originat
3、e regulation inspection tolerate 1release vt.&n.排放；释放；发布 Firefighters took two hours to release the driver from the wreckage. _ Under the agreement，releases of cancercausing chemicals will be cut by about 80 percent. _ He is releasing an album of love songs. _ 发布 释放 排放 2seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制 “Leigh， ”
4、he said，seizing my arm to hold me back. _ Troops have seized the airport and railway terminals(铁路枢纽). _ UN officials say two military observers were seized by the Khmer Rouge yesterday. _ 控制 抓住 夺取 Words and Phrases 知识要点1 starve vi.&vt. (使)挨饿；饿死 教材原句 P26 An expert who has studied polar bears for many
5、 years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved and died. 一位研究北极熊多年的专家说， 从北极熊尸体的位置来看， 北极 熊似乎是饿死的。 例 1 The new job doesnt pay as much but we wont starve! 新工作的工资不多，不过我们不至于挨饿！ 例 2 A number of the prisoners we saw are starving. 我们看到的一些囚犯快要饿死了。 造句 如果你再浪费粮食，我就让你挨饿。 If
6、 you waste any food again，I will starve you. 知识拓展 (1)starve to death 饿死 starve for 渴望；急需 (2)starved adj. 感到很饿的 be starved to death 被饿死 be starved of/for 极需；缺乏 (3)starvation n. 挨饿；饿死 即学即练 单句语法填空 The frontier station was starved food and water. Whole communities starved death during the long drought.
7、She went on a (starve) diet and ended up in hospital. for to starvation 小片段助记 Mr.White earns only a little wage， so he starves for a job with better pay.You see，no one likes to starve to death. 知识要点2 refer to 查阅，参考；涉及，关于；提到，谈起，指 的是；提交 教材原句 P2627 The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact tha
8、t heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earths surface as short- wave radiation. “自然”温室效应是指太阳产生的热量以短波辐射的形式进入 大气并使地球表面变暖。 例 1 I promised not to refer to the matter again. 我答应过不再提这事了。 例 2 Please refer to the right- hand column of page 200 of this dictionary. 请参看这本词典第二百页右面一栏。 造句 那句话与她无关。 Th
9、at remark does not refer to her. 知识拓展 refer.to. 把提交给/委托给 refer to.as. 把看作/称为 即学即练 单句语法填空 Tom is going to refer the matter the meeting. Qiao Feng is referred to a big hero. to as 知识要点3 be trapped in 被困在中 教材原句 P27 When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels，more
10、heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earths surface temperature to rise quickly. 当人们通过燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时， 更多的热 能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。 例 1 If the bus was trapped in the snow，there was virtually no way to evacuate those four kids. 如果公共汽车被困在暴风雪中， 那么几乎没有方法使这四个孩子 撤离。 例 2 He was trapped in a
11、n unhappy marriage. 他陷入不幸的婚姻之中。 造句 她被困在燃烧着的房子里了。 She was trapped in the burning house. 知识拓展 trap sb.into (doing) sth. 使某人陷入的圈套；使上当 fall into the trap of doing sth. 掉进的陷阱 fall into a trap 掉进陷阱 即学即练 单句语法填空 I was trapped into (tell) the police all I knew. A lot of us fall into the trap of (find) happin
12、ess from the outside world. finding telling 小片段助记 The hunter set a trap which was used to trap the animal into moving into the trap.But the little boy fell into the trap by accident. 知识要点4 result in 导致；造成 教材原句 P27 Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long- lasting ch
13、anges to the global climate. 温室气体排放量的持续增加将导致进一步变暖和全球气候的长 期变化。 例1 Food allergies can result in an enormous variety of different symptoms. 食物过敏会引发很多不同的症状。 例 2 These policies resulted in many elderly people feeling happy. 这些政策使得许多老人感到幸福。 造句 当你有信心的去做某事，就会成功。 When you do something with faith，it will resu
14、lt in success. 知识拓展 result from 由于，由引起 as a result 结果 as a result of 由于 即学即练 单句语法填空 Childrens fear and dislike of books may result being made to read aloud before others. He was ill. As result，he was late for class. As a result his illness，he was late for class. from a of 知识要点5 restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚
15、 教材原句 P27 We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. 我们作为个人也可以通过限制我们生活方式产生的二氧化碳量 来减少我们的“碳足迹”。 例 1 Having small children tends to restrict your freedom. 有年幼的孩子往往会限制你的自由。 例 2 The long skirt restricted her movements. 长裙妨碍
16、了她的行动。 造句 不要限制她的适当的活动。 Dont restrict her proper activities. 知识拓展 (1)restrict.to. 把限制在 be restricted to 限于 restrict sb./oneself to doing sth. 约束干 (2)restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；控制 without restriction 毫无限制 即学即练 单句语法填空 I restrict (me) to one cup of coffee a day. We restrict the number of students per clas
17、s 10. The park is open to the public without (restrict) myself to restriction 知识要点6 seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制 教材原句 P27 It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming. 我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育大家认识全球变暖 例 1 She tried to seize the gun from him. 她试图抢夺他的枪。 例 2 The army has se
18、ized control of the country. 军队已经控制全国。 造句 这是我们要明智把握的一个共同机遇。 This is a joint opportunity that we are wise to seize. 知识拓展 seize the chance/opportunity 抓住机会 seize.by surprise 突袭 seize sb.by the arm 抓住某人胳膊 seize on/upon 采用；抓住；利用 即学即练 单句语法填空 The troop seized the city surprise before the enemies realised
19、it. The little boy seized me by arm to beg for some money. We seize his remark and regard it as a promise. by the on 知识要点7 submit vt.&vi. 提交；呈递；屈服；顺从；认为 教材原句 P28 According to the report submitted by researchers， between 20 and 25 percent of all annual carbon dioxide emissions are caused by the destr
20、uction of tropical forests. 根据研究人员提交的报告，每年 20%至 25%的二氧化碳排放量 是由热带森林的破坏造成的。 例 1 Completed projects must be submitted by 10 March. 完成的方案必须在 3 月 10 日前提交上来。 例 2 But I cannot submit，I can become my own master. 但我并不会屈服的，我会成为自己的主人的。 造句 被告律师认为这一证据不可采纳。 Counsel for the defence submitted that the evidence was
21、inadmissible. 知识拓展 (1)submit sth.to sb. 提交；呈递某物给某人 submit (oneself) to sb./sth. 顺从；屈服 submit that 提议；认为 (2)submissive adj. 服从的；顺从的；恭顺的 submission n. 屈服；呈送；提交 即学即练 单句语法填空 He submitted the report on the matter the committee. Well submit (us) to the courts judgement. I submit the terms are entirely unr
22、easonable. to ourselves that 小片段助记 The general had to submit the agreement to the enemies.That is to say，he submitted to them. Sentence Patterns 重点句式1 There is little doubt that. 教材原句 P26There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer. 毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越暖和。 句式分析：There is little/no doubt tha
23、t.毫无疑问；doubt 后 面用 that 引导同位语从句；当 doubt 用于否定句和疑问句时，后面的 从句用 that 引导；用于肯定句时，后面的从句用 whether 引导。 例 1 There is no doubt that it was a strange and interesting situation. 毫无疑问，那是一个奇怪而有趣的局面。 例 2 There is no doubt at all that we did the right thing. 毫无疑问，我们做得对。 造句 他是否会来帮助我们还有些疑虑。 There is some doubt whether h
24、e will come to help us. 知识拓展 (1)I have no doubt that. 我确信 I have some doubt whether. 我怀疑 (2)I doubt whether/if- clause 我怀疑 I dont doubt thatclause 我不怀疑 Do you doubt thatclause? 你怀疑吗？ 即学即练 单句语法填空 I dont doubt he will succeed. I doubt we will make a profit out of it. There is some doubt she will come
25、on time. that whether/if whether 重点句式2 not only.but also. 教材原句 P27There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives. 有确凿而全面的证据表明， 气温上升导致全球极端天气和
26、自然灾 害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，而且造成人员伤亡。 句式分析：句中的 not only.but also.表示“不但，而 且”，连接并列的句子结构。 例 1 Air not only occupies space，but it also has weight. 空气不仅占据空间，而且它还具有重量。 例 2 Shakespeare was not only a writer but also an actor. 莎士比亚不仅是一个作家，还是一个演员。 造句 老工人对青年工人不仅言传而且身教。 The old workers instruct the young workers not only
27、 in words but in deeds. 知识拓展 (1)not only 与 but also 后面所连接的词的词性必须对等。 (2)not only 只能连用， 而 but also 既可连用， 也可分开用。 not only 与 but also 后面所连接的词作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致原 则”，谓语动词的数应与 but also 后的名词的数保持一致。 (3) not only 放在句首，后接句子要用部分倒装。 即学即练 单句语法填空 Not only the students but also the teacher (be) invited. Not only you
28、funny，but also you are witty (机智的) Not only you but also she (have) to attend the ceremony. was are has Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect” ，which has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man- made” greenhouse effect. 分析 句中的“
29、called the greenhouse effect”是过去分词 短语作定语，修饰 process；which 引导非限定性定语从句。 翻译 气候学家经常提到一个关键的过程，叫作“温室效应” ， 它有两个共同的含义： “自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应。 教材 高考 1.There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide，not only causing
30、 serious damage，but also costing human lives. (2019 北京卷)Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally，youll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. 2.that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide. (2019全
31、 国 卷 ).however ， biologists calculate that there are about 20，00025，000 polar bears worldwide. 3.It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming. (2019 天津卷)I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night，when fear seized me. .单句语法填空 1Not only h
32、e but also we (be) interested in football. 2I doubt they are not cheating people into making the bargain sale. 3Drought has left more than two million people close to (starve) are whether starvation 4 The teacher (refer) to in my last letter has gone abroad. 5The old man was trapped into (buy) a sec
33、ond- hand TV set. 6The speech has resulted a firestorm of controversy. 7Discipline problems are by no means restricted children in families dependent on benefits. referred buying in to 8Before he could run away，she seized him by collar. 9He has submitted (him) a search by the guard. 10When (melt) st
34、eel cools，it changes into a solid. the himself molten .短语填空 starve to death； refer to； be trapped in； take action； result in； submit to 1This a considerable loss to the exchequer(财政 部) 2 Luckily， he was not murdered， but the elevator for days. trapped in resulted in 3Study the example and the explan
35、ation below. 4Tens of thousands of people because of the civil war. 5The heroic people will never foreign rule. 6They to speed the new law through Parliament(国 会) took action refer to starved to death submit to .课文语法填空 What is causing the increase in the 1. (globe) average surface temperature? Clima
36、te scientists think it is the greenhouse effect，2. includes “natural” and “man- made”，3. matters. The “man- made” greenhouse effect has become 4. big problem. People produce huge amounts of greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels， 5. (leave) more heat energy 6. (trap) in the atmosphere. The global
37、which that a leaving trapped rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural 7. (disaster). Appropriate actions should be taken 8. (prevent) it. 9. there will be a higher price to pay. Governments should make policies and take measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and individuals can also make a 10. (different) by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. disasters to prevent Otherwise difference
