（2021新教材）牛津译林版必修第一册英语Unit4教案 第一部分 词汇讲解 教师版 学生版.zip

1 高一必修第一册高一必修第一册 Unit4 教案教案 第一部分第一部分 词汇讲解词汇讲解 第一讲第一讲 1. skip （skipped; skipped; skipping） vt.不做不做(应做的事情等应做的事情等)；跳过；跳过，略过, 跳绳，蹦蹦跳跳地走；快速转移 搭配 skip breakfast 不吃早饭 skip school/class 逃学/逃课 skip a grade 跳级 If you skip meals, you dont get enough energy, and then you feel tired. 如果不吃饭，你就不能得到足够的能量，因此就会感到疲倦。 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过 skip over 略过 skip happily along behind me 在我身后高兴地蹦蹦跳跳地跟着 skip over the details 略过细节 skip through 浏览 skip off 偷偷溜走 They saw the man with a little girl skipping along behind him. 他们看见那个男人身后还跟着一个蹦蹦跳跳的小姑娘。 巩固练习：巩固练习： 1.单句语法填空 . The speaker kept________ (skip) from one subject to another. . He skipped ________ the accounts before dinner. 2.根据汉语意思完成句子 . 她没有付钱就溜走了。She ________ ________without paying her bill. . 不吃饭对健康有害。 Its harmful for our health ________ ________ ________. . It is a struggle for him to read the whole book. So he just ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (略过困难的部分)while reading. . He did so well in junior high school that he ________ ________ ________ (跳了一级). . She is rather concerned because her daughter (逃学) and refuses to communicate. . He proposed we ________ ________ ________ ________ (略过细节)and stick to the main point. 3. 一词多义： .The girls were skipping in the playground. _____________________ .She decided to skip the afternoons class._____________________ .You can skip the next chapter if you have covered the topic in class. _____________________ .She kept skipping from one topic of conversation to another. _____________________ 2. faint adj.微弱的，微小的 vi.昏厥 一词多义： . His breathing became faint. _______________________ . There is still a faint hope that she may be cured. _______________________ . Suddenly the woman in front of me fainted. _______________________ 3. pass out 昏迷，失去知觉；分发昏迷，失去知觉；分发 (同义词：同义词：faint vi. 昏厥昏厥) He always passes out at the sight of blood. 他总是一见到血就昏迷昏迷。 2 The host passed out the puddings to the guests. 主人给客人分发布丁。 归纳拓展: pass away 去世 pass by 经过 pass down 传给后人；把往下传 pass.on to 把传递给. I stayed off work, as I didnt want to pass the cold on to others. 我没有去上班，因为我不想把感冒传给传给别人。 Several people were passing by the old man but nobody offered to help. 有几个人从老人身边经过经过，却没有人主动提出帮助。 4. immediately adv.立即，立刻；直接地立即，立刻；直接地 conj. 一一就就 She answered almost immediately. 她几乎立刻就回答了。 The point of my question may not be immediately apparent. 我的问题的要点可能不是一下子就能看出来的。 Immediately shed gone, I remembered her name. 她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。 归纳拓展归纳拓展: immediate adj. 立即的；直接的；最接近的 补充：补充： 英语中,表示“一就”有以下四类表达方式: . as soon as; . no sooner.than.; hardly/scarcely.when.; . immediately/directly/instantly; . the moment, the instant, the minute, the second。 No sooner had I closed my eyes than the phone rang. 我刚合上眼,电话铃就响了。 巩固练习：巩固练习： 1.单句语法填空: . She_____________ (immediate) copied the letter in her notebook. . The effects of global warming, while not _____________ (immediate),are potentially catastrophic. 2.根据汉语意思完成句子: . 那个贼一看到警察就跑开了。 The thief ran away ____________ _________ _________ _________ _________. . 医院说她眼下已没有危险。 The hospital says shes out of ____________ _________. 5. concentrate vi.非常；极其 to the extreme 走向极端 Mary is a girl who often goes to extremes in her thinking. 玛丽是一个思想常常走极端的女孩。 巩固练习：巩固练习： 1.单句语法填空 Three of them are working ______________ (extreme) well. 2.根据汉语意思完成句子 .千万不要做出诸如离家之类的极端行为。 Dont do __________ ____________ like leaving away from home. . 凯里位于爱尔兰的最西端。Kerry is west of Ireland. ________ _________ _______________. . 他以前很腼腆，现在却走向了另一个极端。 He used to be very shy ,but now hes gone ________ __________ ____________ ______________. 7. slim vi. 作后置定语后置定语时,意为“相关相关 的的;有关的有关的” 。例如: a concerned look 关切的神情 the authorities concerned 有关当局 巩固练习：巩固练习： 造句：我担心她的安全。 . 单句语法填空 . Her latest documentary ________________ (concern) with youth unemployment. . They show great anxiety (concern) their retirement allowance. 完成句子 .________ ________ ________ ________ ______ _________(就我而言)，reading English newspapers benefits students a lot. . Please be present on time because the meeting_____ ____________ _________(与有关)everyone. 9. effect n影响；效果，作用 The overall effect of the painting is overwhelming. 这幅画的总体效果气势磅礴。 The suggestions will soon be put into effect. 这些建议即将付诸实施。 造句: 新法令明日起生效。 . 归纳拓展归纳拓展: . have an effect onhave an influence onhave an impact on 对有影响 put/bring.into effect 使某物开始使用 in effect 事实上；实际上 take effect come into effect (法律、规则或制度)生效；奏效 come into effect 开始实施；开始生效 side effect 副作用 be of no effect 没有效果的；没有影响的 . effective adj.有效的；起作用的 . affect v. 影响；感动 巩固练习：巩固练习： 单句语法填空: . The government should take some (effect) measures to reduce pollution. . The two systems are， effect，the same. . Violence on television has bad effect on the development of children. 完成句子: . 这些激素对心脏和血流也有积极的影响。 These hormones also_______ _____ ________ _______ ________ the heart and the blood flow. 5 . 他们决定尽快实施这项计划。 They decided to the plan as soon as possible. . 下个月开始实施新的管制措施。 New controls ___________ ________________ _________________next month. . 减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈论感受。 One of the most__________ _________ _________ __________ _____________ is to talk about feelings with someone you trust. 10. prove linking v. 后来被发现是后来被发现是 ；显示出；显示出 vt. 证明，证实证明，证实 prove sth. (to be) sth. 证明是 prove (link-v.)(+to be) +n./adj.证明是 prove +宾语从句 prove (to be) + n. / adj. 证明是 These documents will prove that we are telling the truth. 这些文件将证明我们讲的都是事实。 Time would prove me (to be) right.时间会证明我是对的。 This, he said, proved that lightning was a form of electricity.他说，这证明了闪电是电的一种形式。 归纳拓展归纳拓展: proof n. 证据 Do you have any proof that this man stole your bag? 你有什么证据证明这个男人偷了你的包吗？ 巩固练习：巩固练习： 1. 完成句子： . 随着时间的推移，爱因斯坦的理论被证实是正确的。(prove) As time went on, Einsteins theory ___________ _____________. . 史密斯先生打算买下那个工厂的消息最终被证明是假的。(prove) The news that Mr. Smith was going to buy that factory __________ __________ in the end. 2.单句语法填空 After he was caught by the police, he tried his best ___________(prove) his innocence(清白) to them. 11. diet n节食；日常饮食 vi.节食；进行规定饮食 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 be on a diet / go on a diet / go on diets 控制饮食 put sb. on a diet 使某人节食 All you need is enough sleep and a balanced diet. 你所需要的是充足的睡眠和均衡的饮食。 Youre overweight，and Im going to put you on a diet. 你的体重超重了，我要让你节食。 巩固练习：巩固练习： 1. 单句语法填空 . The girl is a diet，hoping to become slimmer. . I really ought to go on diet. Ive put on so much weight since I gave up jogging. . Every person needs water and a diet of (health) food. 2. 造句：医生建议他控制饮食减肥。 . 12. function vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能作用，功能，职能 vi.vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转起作用，正常工作，运转 n.n. 作用，功能，职作用，功能，职 function as 担任； 起作用 perform a function 发挥功能；发挥作用 as a function of 根据 the function of 的功能 . The sofa also functions as a bed. 这沙发还可当床用。 . The family has the important function of socializing children. 家庭有教孩子适应社会的重要作用 . Breathing is an automatic function of the body. 呼吸是一种无意识的身体功能。 6 巩固练习：巩固练习： 完成句子完成句子 . ______ ________ __________ _________ ___________ is to pump blood through the body. 心脏的功能就是把血液输往全身。 . Many children cant_________ _________ in large classes. 许多孩子在大班上课时学习效果不好。 . I just have enough room here _______ _______ _________ ________ _______. 我有足够空间,根据时间变化的构图。 13. take in 包括；摄入，吸收；欺骗；领会，理解；收留包括；摄入，吸收；欺骗；领会，理解；收留 This is the total cost of the holiday，taking everything in. 这是假期的总费用，包括一切在内。 He was homeless，so we took him in. 他无家可归，所以我们收留了他。 归纳拓展：归纳拓展： take away 拿开；拿走；解除，消除(病痛，痛苦等) take after与相像 take down拆掉；写下；记录 take sth. apart拆散，拆开 take on呈现;具有;担任(工作);承担(责任);雇用 take sb./sth. out杀死；毁灭 take for(错)当作；(误)以为 take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功;(事业)蓬勃发展 take over 接收；接管；取代 take up 占据(时间、空间等);开始(学习或某种爱好);从事,对感兴趣 take back退回;收回;接回 take to爱;喜欢;沉迷于 巩固练习：巩固练习： 1. 单句语法填空 . I am not to be taken by your lies. . I was given some pills to take the pain. . After the heavy rain，the willows took a brighter green. 2. 写出下列句子中写出下列句子中 take in 的汉语意思的汉语意思 .The kind old lady offered to take in the poor homeless stranger. ____________________ .What we collect and take in becomes the source material for what we create. ____________________ .I could hardly take in what the old man said. ____________________ .If you are taken in by someone or something, you are deceived by them, so that you get a false impression of them. ____________________ 3. 造句: 我不明白你在说什么。 . 14. energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的精力充沛的，充满活力的 归纳拓展: energy n.精力；能源 full of energy 精力充沛的 energy-saving 节约能源的 solar energy 太阳能 energy crisis 能源危机 Study is a tough job that needs a large amount of energy, time and work. 学习是一项困难的工作，需要大量的精力、时间和努力。 15. get into shape 强身健体 out of shape 变形；走样；健康状况不好 in the shape of.呈形状的 7 in good shape 状态很好 take shape 成形 be shaped like.形状是 Regular exercise helps the film star get into shape and keep a slim figure. 经常锻炼帮助那位影星强身健体，并保持苗条身材。 16. frightened adj. 害怕的，惊吓的，受吓的害怕的，惊吓的，受吓的 frightening adj. 令人恐惧的；令人害怕的令人恐惧的；令人害怕的 frighten vt. 使恐惧；使害怕使恐惧；使害怕 . be frightened at 对感到恐惧 be frightened of 害怕 . frighten sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事 frighten sb out of doing sth 恐吓某人不要做某事 frighten away 把 吓跑 .He would never frighten anyone or cause them any harm. 他永远不会吓唬或伤害任何人。 .Im frightened of walking home alone in the dark. 我害怕在黑夜单独走路回家。 .They were evidently trying to frighten the public into obedience. 很明显，他们是要吓唬众人服从。 . Its frightening to think it could happen again. 想到此事可能再次发生就使人不寒而栗。 巩固练习：巩固练习： 1. 完成句子完成句子 . No enemy can ___________ __________ _________ submission. 任何敌人的恐吓都不能使我们屈服。 .He threatened the intruders with a gun and____________ ___________ ___________. 他用枪威胁闯入者，把他们吓跑了。 . He was ___________ at the ___________ story. 他对那个令人感到恐惧的故事感到恐惧。 2. 单句语法填空 .The news was and they were all (frighten) .The little child (frighten) by the fierce dog. .When the child heard the (frighten) story，he began to cry. .He frightened me into (tell) him what happened. 17. rather adv. 相反，而是；相当；更准确地说相反，而是；相当；更准确地说 rather than 而不是；宁可也不愿 would rather 宁愿，宁可 or rather 更精确地说，倒不如说 rather too adv. 稍微.一点 . It was a rather difficult question. 这是个相当难的问题。 . Why didnt you ask for help, rather than trying to do it on your own? 你干吗非得自己干，而不请人帮忙？ . They would rather work than live on welfare. 他们宁愿工作而不愿靠社会保障金过活 巩固练习：巩固练习： 完成句子完成句子 .We dont really live anywhere. ______ ________, we live everywhere. 我们实际上不住在任何地方，或者更确切地说，我们住在所有地方 .Evidently some of these questions are _________ ________ ___________ to answer. 8 显然，其中有些问题稍有点难以回答。 .I ________ _________ be alone __________ have a false friend for company. 与其拥有虚情假意的朋友的陪伴，我宁愿独身一人。 第二讲第二讲 18. pressure. n. 心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促 under pressure (from.)承受着(来自的)压力 give in to pressure 屈服于压力 pressure of work 工作压力 high blood pressure 高血压 put pressure on 施加压力 The youth are usually eager to be rich within a short time and the desire has put them under a lot of pressure. 年轻人往往急于一夜暴富，这种渴望给他们带来很多压力。 Nowadays many young people are under great pressure and often stay up. 如今很多年轻人压力很大，经常熬夜。 词汇拓展：词汇拓展： press vi.按；压；敦促；催促 press sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事 They are pressing us to make an immediate decision. 他们正催促我们立即作出决定。 巩固练习：巩固练习： 1. 单句语法填空 . _______________ (press) by his parents, the boy decided to make the most of the holiday to catch up. . Everyone needs to battle against the ______________ (press) of life. . Katie pressed me _________________ (contact) the manager immediately. . John only agreed to go under pressure ________________his parents. 2. 完成句子 . The company is __________ _____________(承受压力)to improve pay and working conditions. . Their parents were _______ ________ ________ __________(对他们施加压力) to get married. 19. contribute vi. a great/ large amount of; quite a few +不可数名词 (作主语时，谓语动词用单数形 式) 11 large amount of + 不可数名词 (作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式) (2). large/ small amounts of; a god/ great many; a large/ good number of; a good few +可数名词复数 (作主语 时，谓语动词用复数形式) (3). a lot of; lots of; plenty of +不可数名词/ 可数名词复数 (作主语时，谓语动词根据名词确定 巩固练习：巩固练习： 1. 单句语法填空单句语法填空 .The materials can be produced in large (amount) .A large amount of medicine (send) to the flood stricken area in the last few days. .A large number of books (steal) from the library yesterday. 2. 完成句子完成句子 .They share ___________________________ information on a quid pro quo basis. 他们在互利的基础上进行大量的信息共享。 . __________________________ parents were present at the meeting. 许多家长出席了会议 .There ________________ plenty of vegetarian dishes to choose from. 有许多道素菜可供选择。 24. schedule vt.安排时间；预定安排时间；预定 n. 日程安排；工作安排；时间表日程安排；工作安排；时间表 on schedule 准时；按照时间表 ahead of schedule 提前 behind schedule落后于预定计划 be scheduled for 预定；安排 be scheduled to do sth预定做 Were working to a tight schedule. 我们的工作安排得很紧。 Filming began on schedule 拍摄如期开始。 The meeting is scheduled for Friday afternoon. 会议安排在星期五下午。 完成句子完成句子 . The new bridge has been finished two years ______________________. 新桥提前两年落成。 . The meeting ____________________ commence at noon. 会议定于午间召开。 25. treatment n.治疗；对待，待遇；处理治疗；对待，待遇；处理 under treatment 在治疗中 in the treatment of 在 的治疗过程中 medical treatment 治疗，医疗 fair treatment 公平对待 词汇拓展：词汇拓展： treat vt.治疗；对待；探讨；视为治疗；对待；探讨；视为 vi. 探讨；请客；协商探讨；请客；协商 n. 请客；款待请客；款待 treat as/ like把 当做 treat sb to sth用某物款待某人 treat sb for (with sth)(用某物)治疗某人的某种疾病 He had to go to hospital for treatment. 他不得不去医院接受治疗。 This treatment removes the most stubborn stains. 这种处理去掉了最难以去除的污渍。 He was treated as a hero on his release from prison. 他获释出狱时被当成英雄看待。 完成句子完成句子 . His good health is a witness to ______ ________ __________ ________ _________. 他身体健康证明这种疗法是成功的。 . My parents still _______ _______ _____ a child. 我父母仍然把我当成孩子。 . The condition is usually __________ _________ drugs and a strict diet. 这种病通常用药物和严格控制饮食进行治疗。 12 26. in addition: 此外 in addition：(相当于副词 additionally)此外，除之外(还) in addition to：(相当于介词，后加名词、代词、动名词)除之外(还) In addition，most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. 另外，大多数报纸上也几乎没有吸引大众读者的东西。 There is，in addition，one further point to make. 此外，还有一点要说。 词汇拓展词汇拓展: additional adj.额外的 巩固练习： 1. 单句语法填空 .The charge for the delivery is (addition) .She can speak French and Japanese in (add) to English. .In addition the school，the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support. 2. 造句:另外，你应该注意发音。 . 27. live up to: 达到，符合，不辜负 live a life 过着 的生活 live on 继续活着；以为主食；靠活着 live through 经历 而幸存 live with 和在一起 live with oneself 不会感到内疚，会心安理得的；自重 The new president of the university is trying his best to live up to the expectations of the students. 这所大学的新校长正在努力不辜负学生们的期望。 It was becoming more and more difficult to live on his salary. 他越来越难以靠他的工资维持生计了。 if you want to live a simple life you need to simplify your mind. 要是你想过简单的生活，你需要使你的思想简化。 巩固练习：巩固练习： 完成句子完成句子 . Boarders at school _______ ______ ________ ________, much less comfortable than that at home. 寄宿生的日子很辛苦，没有在家舒服。 . The old lady is not likely to _________ __________ the winter. 那位老妇人不大可能活过这个冬天。 . Its of vital importance to ________ ________ _________ _________ ________; otherwise, empty promises would only result in bad names. 信守承诺至关重要，不然，空头承诺只会带来坏名声。 28. talent n. 天资，天赋；人才，天才 talented adj. 有才能的；有天赋的有才能的；有天赋的 have a talent/ gift for 某方面有天赋 talent show 才艺表演会；业余演出比赛 talent pool 人才库 natural talent 天赋，自然禀赋 be talented gifted in/ at 对 有天赋 She showed considerable talent for getting what she wanted. 她很有天资，能够心想事成。 She was proud that her daughter had so much talent. 女儿这么有天赋令她喜不自胜。 She is a talented musician as well as being a photographer. 她不