1、1 学生姓名：学生姓名： 辅导内容：辅导内容：U4-Reading 教学目标：教学目标：重点单词：concentrate/extreme/concerned/effect/prove/function/frightened/within/ rather 重点短语：pass out/take in 重点句型：do you think 作插入语/动名词作主语 【同步知识梳理】【同步知识梳理】 一、一、重点单词梳理重点单词梳理 知识点知识点 1：pass out 原文：原文： She then passed out in her morning PE lesson and was rushed to
2、 hospital.然后她在早上的体育课然后她在早上的体育课?上上 晕倒了，被迅速送往医院。（晕倒了，被迅速送往医院。（教材教材 P44） 用法解析及拓展：用法解析及拓展： 昏迷，失去知觉；分发昏迷，失去知觉；分发(同义词：同义词： faint vi.昏厥昏厥) eg：He always passes out at the sight of blood?他总是一见到血就昏迷。 The host passed out the puddings to the guests?主人给客人分发布丁。 【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】 pass away 去世 pass by 经过 pass down 传给后人；把
3、往下传 pass. on to 把传递 eg：I stayed off work, as I didnt want to pass the cold on to others 我没有去上班，因为我不想把感冒传给别人。 Several people were passing by the old man but nobody offered help. 有几个人从老人身边经过，却没有人主动提出帮助。 知识点知识点 2：1. concentrate concentration n. 集中精力，专心集中精力，专心 原文：原文：Sometimes he told me he had trouble c
4、oncentrating in class. 有时他告诉我他在课堂上注意力不集有时他告诉我他在课堂上注意力不集 中。中。(教材教材 P45) 用法解析及拓展：用法解析及拓展： vt. frightening 知识点知识点 10：within 原文：原文：The doctor helped me and I made a full recovery within two days.医生帮了我的忙，不到两天我完全医生帮了我的忙，不到两天我完全 康复了康复了. （P47） 用法解析及拓展：用法解析及拓展： prep.在(某段时间)之内；在(某段距离、范围)之内； 在里 within one s re
5、ach 在某人能够到的范围内 within one s right 在某人的权限内 within one s grasp 在某人掌控的范围内 within one s power 在某人能力范围内 within(easy) reach 很接近，靠近 within the limit of.在范围内 within walking distance 在步行距离之内 eg：Please put the book within my reach 请把书放在我能够到的地方。 The ambulance arrived within minute of the call being made .打电话后几
6、分钟内救护车就到了 【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】 beyond prep.在之外；超出 beyond one s reach 某人够不到；超出某人的承受范围 eg：You mustnt stay out beyond 10 p.m.晚上十点以后不许在外逗留。 例题训练：例题训练： I wish it is _ (在我的能力之内) to change the decision. The doctor told us he would recover from the operation_(两周之内). You should make sure your behaviour is _ (在法律允许的范
7、围之内). Our original plan was to rent a flat downtown, but the rent is so high that it is_(超出了我 5 们能够承受的范围). Keys： within my power within two weeks within the law beyond our reach 知识点知识点 11：rather 原文：原文：From now on, I will pay more attention to my health rather than my weight. 从今以后，我会更从今以后，我会更 注重我的健康而
8、不是体重。注重我的健康而不是体重。 (教材教材 P45) 用法解析及拓展：用法解析及拓展： adv. 相反，而是；相当；更准确的说 rather than 而不是；宁可也不愿 would rather 宁愿，宁可 or rather 更精确地说，倒不如说 rather too adv. 稍微.一点 eg：It was a rather difficult question. 这是个相当难的问题。 Why didnt you ask for help, rather than trying to do it on your own?你干吗自己干，而不请人帮忙？ They would rather
9、 work than live on welfare. 他们宁愿工作而不愿靠社会保障金过活 例题训练：例题训练： We dont really live anywhere. _, we live everywhere. 我们实际上不住在任何地方，或者更确切地说，我们住在所有地方 Evidently some of these questions are _ to answer. 显然，其中有些问题稍有点难以回答。 I _ be alone _ have a false friend for company. 与其拥有虚情假意的朋友的陪伴，我宁愿独身一人。 Keys：Or rather rath
10、er too difficult would rather; than 二、二、重点句式分析重点句式分析 知识点知识点 1：do you think 作插入语作插入语 原文：原文： What do you think are healthy ways of losing weight? 你认为健康的减肥方式是什么？你认为健康的减肥方式是什么？(教材教材 P44) 用法解析及拓展：用法解析及拓展： 本句句型结构为： 特殊疑问词+ 插入语 (do you think/ suppose/ say/ suggest/)+ 陈述语序 本句型常用来征求他人对某事的看法，判断，认识，猜测等，表疑问的插入语起
11、到主句的作用，所以 其后一定要跟陈述句语序 eg：What about this waterfall. How high do you think this fall is? 你猜这个瀑布的落差有多高？ What do you suppose hes thinking about? asked one. 你猜他在想什么？其中一个问道。 例题训练：例题训练： What _ were some of the more persuasive arguments on the other side? 你觉得对方哪些论点更有说服力？ What _ to protect wildlife? 你建议我们应该
12、做些什么来保护野生动植物呢? Keys：do you think do you suggest we should do 知识点知识点 2： In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.在一个以瘦为美的社会里， 青少年有时会采取极端的方法来快速在一个以瘦为美的社会里， 青少年有时会采取极端的方法来快速减肥。减肥。 (教材教材 P45) 用法解析及拓展：用法解析及拓展： 本句为复合句。
13、句中 where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 society。 考点提炼：考点提炼： where 引导定语从句引导定语从句 where 引导定语从句的用法： (1)先行词往往是表示具体地点的名词(如 place,school,house 等)或表示要抽象地点的名词(如 point,situation, case,position 等); (2) where 在定语从句中做地点状语，相当于“介词+ which”,可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制 6 性定语从句。 eg：This is the house where/in which I lived two years ago.这是我两年前
14、住的房子。 We have reached a point where a change is needed.我们到了需要改变的地步。 She is going to settle in Macao, where/in which she has some close friends.她要到澳门定居， 在那里她有一 些密友。 特别提醒：特别提醒： 先行词为表示地点的名词时，其后的定语从句并非都用 where 来引导。 试比较： The place where Lu Xun once worked has become a museum.(从句中缺少地点状语，故关系词用 where) The p
15、lace which/that I visited last week is in Hong Kong.(从句中缺少宾语，故关系词用 which 或 that) 例题训练：例题训练： When harvest came around,he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market people from the towns met regularly. (2020 天津和平区高一月考) Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris we will visit
16、Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks. (2018 全国卷改编) Finally,he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world. (2020黄冈中学高一 月考) Keys： where 分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the market”,且空处在定语从句中做地点 状语，故填 where。 where 分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在定语从句中做
17、地点状语，故填 where。 that/which 分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为“a lonely island”,并且该先行词表示地点， 但是关系词却不能用 where,因为关系词在定语从句中做主语，而非做地点状语，故填 that/which 知识点知识点 3：and there is no reason why they should be worried.并且他们没有理由担心。并且他们没有理由担心。(教材教材 P45) 用法解析及拓展：用法解析及拓展： why 引导定语从句，修饰 reason,关系副词 why 在从句中做原因状语，可用 for which 代替。 考点提
18、炼：考点提炼： reason 后接定语从句的引导词后接定语从句的引导词 reason 后接定语从句， 如果引导词在定语从句中做宾语、 定语， 从句应由关系代词 that which 引导(可省略); 若做状语，应由 why 引导。 The reason why is that的原因是 the reason for ( doing) sth.(做)某事的原因 eg：Tom should tell me the reason why he was late for our date this morning. 汤姆应该告诉我他今天上午约会迟到的原因。(why 做原因状语) Did you hear
19、 the reason (that) he gave for being late? 你听到他为迟到找的理由了吗?(that 做宾语) The reason why we dont trust him is that he often lies. 我们不信任他的原因是他时常说谎。 The reason why he whispered to me was that he was afraid to be heard by others. 他和我窃窃私语的原因是他害怕被别人听到。 The reason why he was absent was that he was ill. 他缺席的原因是他
20、病了。 The government gave several reasons for increasing the tax on cigarettes. 政府列出了几条增加香烟税收的理由。 例题训练：例题训练： 他向我解释他迟到的原因是他没有赶上早班车。(give) One reason for his being late is that he didnt catch the early bus. 杰克那时候没有信心和勇气，那就是他放弃那个计划的原因。 ( give) Jack had no confidence and courage at that time. That was the
21、 reason . . 这就是他在会上解释的他工作疏忽的原因吗?( explain) 7 Is this the reason . for his carelessness in his work? Keys： he gave why he gave up the plan he explained at the meeting 知识点知识点 4：it is very important that they try to lose weigh properly他们尽量适当减肥是非常重要他们尽量适当减肥是非常重要 的的(教材教材 P45) 用法解析及拓展：用法解析及拓展： it is very
22、important that属于“It+be+adj+that”句型。 考点提炼考点提炼： It+be+adj+that 引导的主语从句句引导的主语从句句型型 (1)当 that 引导的从句做主语时，为了保持句平衡，避免头重脚轻，通常把它移到句子后面，用 it 做形式主 语，放在句首。that 在句中仅起连接作用，不做成分，但不能省略 (2)“it+be+adj+that 引导的主语从句”句型中常见的形容词有 clear obvious, evident, true, possible, certain, likely, probable 等。 eg：It is obvious that yo
23、u ve made a big mistake.显然，你犯了一个大错。 Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 那位科学家下周要给我们做讲座，这是真的吗? 特别提醒：特别提醒： 在“It is necessary/important/strange/natural+that 引导的主语从句”中，从句常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用 “should+动词原形”, should 可省略。 eg：It is very important that students should learn English well.
24、学生学好英语很重要。 例题训练：例题训练： 可能他还没有收到那封信。 . 可以肯定的是我们的生活会变得更美好。 . Keys： It is possible that he has not received the letter. It is certain that our lives will become more beautiful. 知识点知识点 5：She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodie
25、s need a lot of nutrition to function well.她指出健康均衡的饮食很重要， 因为青少年她指出健康均衡的饮食很重要， 因为青少年 仍然在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养才能很好地运转。仍然在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养才能很好地运转。(教材教材 P45) 用法解析及拓展用法解析及拓展： 本句为一个复合句。其中 that 引导一个宾语从句，做 pointed out 的宾语，在宾语从句中又含有一个 since 引导的原因状语从句。 考点提炼：考点提炼： since 的用法的用法 since 做连词时，既可引导原因状语从句，也可引导时间状语从句。做介词时，通常
26、与现在完成时或过去完 成时连用。其具体用法如下 (1)conj. 因为，由于，既然；从以后 eg：Since you are so busy, perhaps we should ask someone else. 既然你这么忙，或许我们应该问问别人。 Since we have no money we cant buy a new car 因为我们没钱，所以不能买一辆新汽车。 (2)adv. 从那以后；自那以来 eg：She left her hometown five years ago. We have not seen her since. 她五年前离开了家乡。从那以后我们就没有再见到
27、她。 Where have you been since I saw you last time? 自从上次我见你之后，你到哪里去了? (3)prep. 从以来；自以后 8 eg：He hasnt been home since his marriage 他自结婚后就没有回过家。 Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. 从那以后，他们一直在设法查明起火的原因。 例题训练：例题训练： It has been ages since we ( meet )last time. Lets have a dinn
28、er party in my garden. (2020 佛山模拟) Since1958,the buildings (recognize) as the national theatre of Israel. (2020 天津南开区模拟) Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, its all but impossible to find natural substitutes. Keys： met have been recognized since/because 知识点知识点 6：动名词作主语：动名
29、词作主语 原文：原文：Exercising regularly is also an important aspect of a healthy lifestyle. 规律锻炼也是健康生活方式的规律锻炼也是健康生活方式的 一个重要方面。一个重要方面。(教材教材 P47) 用法解析及拓展：用法解析及拓展： 本句中本句中 “Exercising regularly ” 是动名词短语，在句中作主语。是动名词短语，在句中作主语。 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数形式，动名词做主语有三种形式：动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数形式，动名词做主语有
30、三种形式： (1)动名词在句首直接做主语动名词在句首直接做主语 (2)It 在句首做形式主语，而动名词短语在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语在句首做形式主语，而动名词短语在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语 It is no good/ use/ a waste of time doing 作某事没有好处作某事没有好处/ 没有用没有用/ 浪费时间浪费时间 (3)There be + no + 动名词动名词 eg：Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 It was a waste of time reading that book. 读那本书是浪费时间。 There is no sense dev
31、eloping industry at the cost of the environment. 如果以环境为代价来发展工业是毫 无道理的。 例题训练：例题训练： _ is a good sport in summer. 在夏天游泳是一项很好的运动。 It is no good _. 学而不实践是没好处的。 _ about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。 Keys：Swimming learning without practice There is no joking 【新三单词拓展】【新三单词拓展】 Lesson 10 The loss of the Titanic “
32、泰坦尼克“号的沉没 【New words and expressions】 生词和短语 Southampton n. 南安普敦（英国港市） colossal adj. 庞大的 watertight adj. 不漏水的 compartment n. （轮船的）密封舱 flood v. 充满水 float v. 漂浮， 飘浮 tragic adj. 悲惨的 liner n. 班船 voyage n. 航行 iceberg n. 冰山 9 lookout n. 瞭望员 collision n. 碰撞 narrowly adv. 刚刚，勉强地 miss v. 避开 slight adj. 轻微的 tr
33、emble v. 震颤 faint adj. 微弱的 horror n. 恐惧 abandon v. 抛弃 plunge v. 投入，跳入 lifeboat n. 救生船 Southampton n. 南安普敦（英国港市） colossal adj. 庞大的 big, large, huge, great, vast, immense, enormous, giant, gigantic, tremendous, titanic colossal: large in size A ship Titanic was colossal. a colossal monument; a colossa
34、l statue big:大的，重要的 You give me a big surprise. He is a big person. The box is big. large:体积大，数量大 an empty large box a large number of people great: 伟大 vast:辽阔，广阔 vast desert immense: immeasurable 不可测量的 an immense stadium, immense iceberg enormous 重点突出数量、程度、体积；强调程度时，语意强于 big Eg: He made a big succes
35、s. giant: 巨大的，高大的 a giant person 巨人 ； gigantic tremendous: big, fast, powerful The plane is traveling at tremendous speed. titanic 用于修饰人和物，体积大、力量大 The ship is titanic. huge:强调体积大 a huge stone 数量巨大 a huge sum of money watertight adj. 不漏水的 a watertight ship watertight 引申为无懈可击的，毫无破绽的 watertight argumen
36、ts 无懈可击的论点 watertight excuse 毫无破绽的借口 waterproof 防水的；waterproof watch 防水手表 waterproof coat 防水雨衣 compartment n. （轮船的）密封舱 flood v. 充满水 vt. the ship is flooded. The room was flooded with moonlight. Our classroom was flooded with sunshine. n. 洪水， in flood 河水泛滥； 引申表示连续不断的 10 During the rains, the river is
37、 in flood. in a flood of words 滔滔不绝的 She blamed her husband in a flood of words on seeing him. float v. 漂浮， 飘浮 tragic adj. 悲惨的 unfortunate; a tragic accident miserable 苦难的 bitter 痛苦的 tragedy n. 悲剧， 惨剧 in tragedy 以悲剧形式 The holiday ended in tragedy. comedy 喜剧 comic 喜剧的，滑稽的 comical 古怪的，可笑的 liner n. 班船
38、voyage n. 航行 voyage 海上航行 flight 飞行 journey 长途行程 navigation 航海，航海术 The voyage is more than the old lady can bear. iceberg n. 冰山 lookout n. 瞭望员 collision n. 碰撞 collide vi 碰撞，抚触 The plane collided with the mountain crash v. 坠毁 It is said that there is an airplane that crashed in the mountains. conflict
39、 vi. 和某事（某人）相抵触 My idea conflicts with yours. clash vi. 相冲突 Eg: His wedding clashed with my examination, so I couldnt go. narrowly adv. 刚刚，勉强地 miss v. 避开 slight adj. 轻微的 tremble v. 震颤 tremble v. 有规律的、小幅度的抖动 Look, your hands are trembling, whats wrong with you? shiver v. 强调由于寒冷、惧怕而一连串地抖动 I found hes
40、shivering in a cold. shudder vi. 强调全身的颤栗 The boy is shuddering, why? Because he was frightened. faint adj. 微弱的 faint: weak faint sound / weak sound; weak voice / faint voice faint: unconscious 失去知觉 He has been faint for a long time. slight 轻微的，微不足道的 a slight headache; a slight book horror n. 恐惧 aban
41、don v. 抛弃 11 abandon 因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事物 He abandoned his research because of the war. desert 背弃，遗弃 desert the army; desert the duty; desert his family plunge v. 投入，跳入 plunge: jump or rush suddenly and wildly He got so angry that he plunge into the water. When the ship Titanic sank in the ocean, a larg
42、e number of people plunged into jump:侧重强调快速地跳 The boy is jumping up and down. leap: 跳跃 dive 跳水、潜水 lifeboat n. 救生船 【精题精练精讲】【精题精练精讲】 一、单词拼写(学科网) 1. Firefighters were on the scene (立即，马上). 2. I cant (集中) on my studies with all that noise going on. 3. She declared herself (极其的) hurt by his lack of suppo
43、rt. 4. Unemployment dipped to 6.9 (百分之) last month. 5. Speaking as a parent, Im very (关心) about standards in education. 6. He claims he has evidence which could (证明) his innocence. 7. It is time to put these arrangements on a (稍微) more formal basis. 8. A balanced diet can provide enough (营养) for you
44、r body. 9. Breathing is an automatic (功能) of the body. 10. The company is trying to create a young (充满活力的) image. 11. I used to try (有效的) methods to achieve my academic goals 12. This was one (方面) of her character he hadnt seen before. Keys： 1. immediately 2. concentrate 3. extremely 4. percent 5. c
45、oncerned 6. prove 7. slightly 8. nutrition 9. function 10. energetic 11. effective 12. aspect 二、单句语法(学科网) 1. It is said that the old house functioned _ a dinning hall. 2. The man bought some biscuits _ (shape) like toys. 3. You cant imagine the effect his speech will have _ children. 4. It _ (prove)
46、 that the method is safe and reliable by practice. 5. I am leaving to concentrate _ writing fiction. 6. The problem was psychological rather _ physiological. 7. She spoke quietly to still the _ (frighten) child. 8. I know you think Im incurably nosy, but the truth is Im _ (concern) about you. Keys：
47、1. as 2. shaped 3. on 4. proved 5. on 6. than 7. frightened 8. concerned 三、语法填空(苏州市 20-21 高一第一次月考模拟试题) I wanted to do something special for my 15yearold son, who has always been a perfect boy. He worked all summer to earn enough money to buy _1_(he) a new racingbicycle instead of asking for money fr
48、om me. Then he spent hours and hours on it. I loved my son so much _2_I bought him a pair of sunglasses and gloves. When my son rode the racingbicycle with them, he looked very cool. He dreamed _3_taking part in a race and winning. On November 10th, my birthday, when I went to the kitchen to start t
49、he milk and bread in the morning, I found 12 _4_ beautiful guitar on the table, beside which was a card, _5_(say), “Happy birthday to my wonderful mother.” I was surprised and then began to sob. I remembered once I _6_(joke) to my family that I wanted to learn playing the guitar to make my life colorful. I
