1、UNIT 3FASCINATING PARKS 背景导学 中央公园是位于纽约市曼哈顿中心的一座大型都会公园,造访人数在美国居榜首,想要 了解它的历史吗,请阅读下面文章吧! Central Park is a great place to escape from the tall buildings and chaos (混乱) of New York City streets. The Central Park Conservancy offers many different free walking tours year-round that are a great way to get
2、acquainted with Central Park. Central Park was the first landscaped public park in the United States. Advocates (支持者,提 倡者) of creating the parkprimarily wealthy merchants and landownersadmired the public grounds of London and Paris and urged that New York should need a comparable (类似的) facility to e
3、stablish its international reputation (名誉). A public park, they argued, would offer their own families an attractive setting for carriage rides and provide working-class New Yorkers with a healthy alternative to the saloon. After three years of debate over the park site and cost, in 1853 the state l
4、egislature authorized the City of New York to use the power to acquire more than 700 acres of land in the center of Manhattan. The design for Central Park was conceived (想出,设想) by Frederick Law Olmstead and Calvert Vaux, who submitted their “Greenswald Plan” for Central Park during a contest organiz
5、ed by the Central Park Commission. When Central Park first opened in the winter of 1859 it was the first artificially landscaped park in the United States. Olmstead and Vauxs design integrated (融合) formal and pastoral elements throughout the park, offering visitors everything from formal walkways li
6、ke The Mall and Literary Walk to the wild, woodsy area of the ramble. 【译文】 中央公园是一个逃离纽约街道高楼大厦和混乱的好地方。中央公园保护协会全年提供 许多不同的免费徒步旅行,这是了解中央公园的好方法。 中央公园是美国第一个有景观的公共公园。创建公园的倡导者(主要是富商和土地所有 者)羡慕伦敦和巴黎的公共场所,并竭力主张纽约需要一个类似的设施来建立其国际声誉。 他们认为,一个公共公园将为他们自己的家庭提供一个有吸引力的乘坐马车的环境,并为纽 约的工人阶级提供一个健康的沙龙替代品。经过三年关于公园选址和成本的争论,1853
7、年, 州立法机构授权纽约市在曼哈顿市中心获得 700多英亩土地。 中央公园的设计是由弗雷德里克劳奥尔姆斯特德和卡尔弗特沃克斯构思的,他们在中 央公园委员会组织的一次竞赛中提交了中央公园的“草坪计划”。 当中央公园于 1859年冬天首次开放时,它是美国第一个人工景观公园。奥尔姆斯特德 和沃克斯的设计融合了整个公园的正式和田园元素,为游客提供了一切事物,从像伦敦林荫 路和文学步道等正式走道到天然的乡间树林地带。 Section Reading and Thinking .课标单词 1.单词拼写 buffet/bft/vt.连续猛击;打来打去/bfe;bfe/n.自助餐 cloth/kl/n.(一块
8、)布;织物;布料 glacier/lsi(r);lesi(r);NAmE ler/n.冰川 reindeer/rend(r)/n.驯鹿 territory/tertri;tertri/n.领土;版图;领域;地盘 cottage/ktd/n.小屋;(尤指)村舍;小别墅 2.根据英文释义选词填空 ban;boundary;edge;sour;valley;vast edge n. the boundary of a surface valley n. an area of low land between hills or mountains vast adj. extremely large i
9、n area, size, amount, etc. ban vt. to decide or say officially that sth. is not allowed boundary n. a real or imagined line that marks the limits or edges of sth. and separates it from other things or places sour adj. having a taste like that of a lemon or of fruit that is not ready to eat 3.词汇拓展 vi
10、sible/vzbl/adj.看得见的;可见的vision/vn/n.视力 accompany/kmpni/vt.陪同;陪伴;伴随;(尤指用钢琴)为伴奏company/kmpni/n. 陪伴;做伴companion/kmpnin/n.伙伴;伴侣;同伴 adopt/dpt/vt.采用;采取;采纳 vt. 移居的 adoption/dpn/n.收养;采用 bless/bles/vt.祝福blessing/bles/n.祝福 .情境词块 1.wake up醒来 2.spread out 展开 3.be covered by被覆盖 4.apart from 除了 5.keep.in its natur
11、al state让处于自然状态 6.the traditional way of life 传统生活方式 7.feed on 以为食 8.look after 照顾 9.on the move在行进中;在移动中 10.pick up their tents 收拾他们的帐篷 11.live a modern life过着现代生活 12.a small number of.少数的 13.set out 出发;启程;(怀着目标)开始工作 14.anything like像一样 15.live off 依靠生活;以吃为生 .情境佳句 1. 句型公式even though 教材原句 Even thoug
12、h the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. 尝试翻译虽然阳光灿烂,但判断是早上还是晚上是不可能的。 2. 句型公式used to 教材原句Sareks mountains used to be covered by vast sheets of ice. 尝试翻译萨勒克的山脉曾经被巨大的冰层覆盖。 3. 句型公式there be+名词+非谓语动词 教材原句Close by, there are a few reindeer feeding on grass. 尝试翻译附
13、近有几只驯鹿在草地上觅食。 .文本理解 Step 1Reading for the main idea What is the text mainly about? A.The Arctic Circle. B.The Sami people. C.The reindeer. D.A fascinating park. 答案D 副标题 好的副标题能吸引读者的眼球,使他们想了解更多的东西。理解副标题的意义可以帮助 你更好地把握文章的结构和关键点。 Step 2Reading for the structure Fill in the following blanks with proper wo
14、rds. Step 3Reading for the details Choose the best answer according to the text. 1.Why does the author say telling whether it is morning or night is impossible? A.Because the wind is too strong. B.Because it is summer above the Arctic Circle. C.Because the watch is broken. D.Because the sun is shini
15、ng too brightly. 答案B 2.Why was Sarek made a national park? A.Because Sareks mountains are covered by vast sheets of ice. B.Because there are varieties of rare animals. C.Because the government hopes to keep Sarek in its natural state. D.Because the Sami people made this territory their home. 答案C 3.W
16、hich of the following statements is true? A.Reindeer live on grass and small animals. B.Reindeer hardly move about. C.Sarek is the original home to them. D.Reindeer have a deep effect on Samis lifestyle. 答案D 4.What does the author think of his trip to Sarek national park? A.Challenging but worth it.
17、 B.Difficult and boring. C.Puzzling and terrible. D.Exciting and difficult. 答案A .难句突破 1.图解难句 自我分析这是一个主从复合句;现在分词短语 Following the reindeer作表语,放于句首,主句 使用了倒装句式;who 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 the Sami people。 尝试翻译跟随着驯鹿(步伐)的是萨米人,萨米人把这片土地当作他们的家园。 2.图解难句 自我分析这是一个并列复合句;though 引导让步状语从句;and 连接两个并列分句。 尝试翻译虽然萨米人被允许在公园里继续他
18、们的传统生活方式,但其他人不可以住在这里, 公园范围内的一切新的开发活动都被禁止了。 .文本复述 Step 1Question Answering 根据课文内容回答下列问题。 1.What do people think of Sarek National Park in Europe? Sarek National Park is really a fascinating hidden natural treasure in Europe. 2.Who made this territory their home? The Sami people made this territory th
19、eir home. 3.Does any animal live there? If so, what are they? Yes. Reindeer is an animal living there. 4.What is Samis life today? Most Sami live a modern life. However, every spring, some still observe their traditions. 5.What is the impression of the hiker? As a hiker, being in such a beautiful an
20、d wild place makes him feel worth it. Step 2Text Retelling 将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 Sarek National Park is really a fascinating hidden natural treasure in Europe. The Sami people made this territory their home. Reindeer is an animal living there. Even though most Sami live a modern life, some sti
21、ll observe their traditions every spring. As a hiker, being in such a beautiful and wild place makes him feel worth it. 板块一语言知识 1.Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. (教 材 P26) 虽然阳光灿烂,但判断是早上还是晚上是不可能的。 Paraphrase:The sun is bright, shining eve
22、rything around us. However, it is impossible to tell the exact time. 语言点 1 句型公式:even though 尽管;即使 情境探究 Even though the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. 尽管森林公园离得很远,但是每年有很多游客会去游览。 What is there to fear even if untold hardships lie ahead? 即使前面有千难万险又有何所惧? 归纳拓展 even though
23、意为“即使;尽管”,相当于 even if,引导让步状语从句。 头脑风暴 as if/though 好像,仿佛(引导方式状语从句或表语从句) It looks as if its going to rain. 天看起来好像要下雨。 学以致用 单句写作 尽管他们做得不好,但他们对自己所做的感到满意。(2018 北京高考书面表达) Even though/if they didnt do well, they felt pleased with what theyd done. 尽管这个问题很难解决,但我并没有放弃,因为我坚信“有志者,事竟成”。 Even though/if the proble
24、m was difficult to solve, I didnt give up, because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will, there is a way.” 2.I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge. (教材 P26) 我离开帐篷,走到山边。 语言点 2 edge n.边;边缘;边线;刀刃 vt. 给加边 情境探究 Susan is sitting on/at the edge of her bed. 苏珊正坐在她的床边上。 At that time, he
25、saw an old car edging along the road. 在那时,他看见一辆旧车在这条路上慢慢地开着。 归纳拓展 (1)at/on the edge of在的边缘 a double-edged sword 一把双刃剑 (2)edge towards/along 朝着/沿着缓慢移动 头脑风暴名词动用 carpet、top、bridge 这些单词的名词意义对于大家来说一定是小菜一碟,但在阅读文章 时常常见到它们当作动词用。 carpet 名词:地毯;动词:厚厚地铺上 The flower girls carpeted the floor with rose petals befo
26、re the brides entrance. 新娘进来前,花童将玫瑰花瓣撒满了地板。 top 名词:顶端;动词:超过;优于;居之首 If he had tried harder, he could have topped his class. 假如他以前用功些,他会在班里名列前茅的。 bridge 名词:桥梁;动词:弥合(差异) The parents are trying to bridge the generation gap with their children. 父母都在设法弥合与儿女的代沟。 学以致用 (1)单句填空 His cottage is located at/on th
27、e edge of the forest. (2)单句写作 资料显示,在线投票是一把双刃剑。(2018 江苏高考书面表达) The material shows that the ratings online is a double-edged sword. 3.Sareks mountains used to be covered by vast sheets of ice. (教材 P26) 萨勒克的山脉曾经被巨大的冰层覆盖。 Paraphrase:In the past, Sareks mountains were covered by vast sheets of ice. 语言点 3
28、 句型公式:used to do 过去常常做 情境探究 Some advertisements can be used to promote the sale of the products. 有的广告可以被用来促销产品。 As we all know, English people are used to driving on the left. 众所周知,英格兰人习惯于靠左边开车。 归纳拓展 used to do过去常常做 be used to do 被用来做 be used to doing习惯于做 学以致用 (1)单句填空 Even the students who used to d
29、islike (dislike) English have turned out to be interested in the subject. I am used to getting (get) up early and taking an hours walk before breakfast. (2)单句写作 它可以用来预测重大疾病。 It can be used to predict major diseases. 4.and all new development is banned within park boundaries. (教材 P26) 并且公园范围内的一切新的开发活
30、动都被禁止了。 语言点 4 ban vt.明令禁止;取缔 n.禁令 情境探究 They banned visitors from smoking in the building. 他们禁止来访者在大楼内吸烟。 The government put a ban on the sale of that drug. 政府禁止售卖那种药物。 (鲜活例句)The ban on large gatherings resulted in fewer football matches. 禁止大型集会导致足球比赛减少。 归纳拓展 (1)ban.from sth./doing sth.禁止做某事 (2)put/p
31、lace a ban on.禁止 the/a ban on.关于的禁令 学以致用 (1)单句填空 Its reported that passengers are banned from eating and drinking on subway trains. (2)句型转换 There is a ban on smoking in the public places. Smoking is banned in the public places. 5.Close by, there are a few reindeer feeding on grass. (教材 P26) 附近有几只驯鹿在
32、草地上觅食。 语言点 5 There be+名词/代词+非谓语动词 情境探究 There is much material wasted in our daily life. 在我们的日常生活中,很多东西被浪费了。 There are many fans waiting to see the famous singer outside the airport. 机场外有很多粉丝正等着见那位著名的歌手。 There is much work to do. So we had better hurry. 有很多工作要做。所以我们最好快点。 归纳拓展 误区警示 受汉语影响,有些同学在使用这个句型时常
33、常把 be 误用成 have的某种形式。 【误】There is going to have a lecture this afternoon. 【正】There is going to be a lecture this afternoon. 学以致用 (1)单句填空 Hurry up, there is little time left (leave) for us to catch the last bus. Im very glad that there are so many American students loving (love) Chinese. (2)单句写作 Just
34、relax, since there is nothing planned on the timetable today. 你可以好好休息一下,因为按时间表我们今天没有任何计划。 6.Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. (教材 P26) 由于驯鹿总是在迁徙,萨米人会收拾他们的帐篷并一路跟着它们。 语言点 6 accompany vt.陪同;陪伴;伴随;(尤指用钢琴)为伴奏 情境探究 He accompanied his old father
35、to the hospital to see whats wrong with his stomach. 他陪他的老父亲去医院查看他的胃部出了什么问题。 While she was singing on the stage, her mother was accompanying her on/at the piano. 她在台上唱歌时,她母亲在为她弹钢琴伴奏。 The storm is accompanied with/by thunder. 暴风雨中夹杂着雷声。 归纳拓展 accompany sb. to someplace 陪伴/陪同某人到某地 accompany sb. at/on s
36、th.用某物为某人伴奏 be accompanied by/with.伴随发生 头脑风暴 表示“陪伴”的其他短语: keep sb. company 陪某人 in the company of sb.在某人的陪伴/陪同下 学以致用 (1)单句填空 Sarah sings and Bill accompanies her on/at the guitar. (2)句型转换 When children are accompanied by their parents, they are allowed to enter the stadium. Children,accompanied by th
37、eir parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 7.I am not a Sami, but in Sarek Ive adopted some of their habits. (教材 P27) 我不是萨米人,但在萨勒克,我已经接受了他们的一些习惯。 语言点 7 adopt vt.采用;采取;采纳 vt. 移居的 adoption n.收养;采用;推选 词汇助记 一“字”之差,意义大不同 adopt 采用 收养 adapt 使适应 改编;改写 学以致用 (1)单句填空 The others agreed that this was a good
38、suggestion and should be adopted(adopt). Parents who have anadopted (adopt) child want to know whether they should tell the child he or she is adopted (adopt). (2)单句写作 The expert advised the boy to adopt an effective way(采取一种有效的方式)of learning vocabulary. 8.After breakfast, I pack my bag and set out
39、again. (教材 P27) 吃完早饭,我收拾好包,又出发了。 语言点 8 set out 出发;启程;(怀着目标)开始工作 情境探究 We will set out for the Great Wall, filled with excitement.我们将出发去长城,心中充满兴奋。 We set out to find the truth behind the mystery. 我们开始着手揭开谜团后的真相。 He set about doing his homework after supper. 晚饭后他开始做家庭作业。 归纳拓展 set out for 出发到 set out to
40、 do sth. 开始(做某事) set about (doing sth.)着手(做某事) set off 动身;出发;引爆;引发 set up建立;引起 误区警示 set about/out 意为“开始做”时,set about 后接名词、动名词形式作宾语,而 set out 后 跟动词不定式作宾语。 学以致用 (1)单句填空 If you want to catch that train, youd better set out forthe station immediately. In China people like to set off firecrackers during
41、the Spring Festival. (2)句型转换 Armed with the information, you can set about preparing your business plan. Armed with the information, you can set out to prepare your business plan. 板块二课文对译 背景导学 该板块的主题是“主题公园”,属于“人与社会”的主题范畴。作者从一位徒步旅行者的角 度介绍了萨勒克国家公园的自然风貌以及在此环境中生活的萨米人。 用适当的词汇补全课文 SAREK NATIONAL PARK EURO
42、PES HIDDEN NATURAL TREASURE A Summer Where the Sun never Sleeps I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent. Even though the sun is brightly shining , telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. Im above the Arctic Circle , where in summer the sun never sets. Checking
43、 my watch, I see that it is 7:30 a.m. I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge . Spreading out before me, branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below. Im in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park , a place with no roads or towns. 文本解读该段阅读文本从第一人称的角度叙述了萨勒克国家公园的地理位
44、置及特征。 文中使用了一些具有动感特征的词汇,如用 buffeting 描述风声,Spreading out 描述河流穿越 峡谷的景色,让读者有一种身临其境的感觉。该段中作者使用了一般现在时,使得这种描述 更加生动形象。最后一句中使用了介词短语 with no roads or towns 作定语,修饰名词 place, 让读者能够充分想象到这种荒凉的原野。 萨勒克国家公园 欧洲隐藏的自然宝藏 一个阳光不眠的夏天 我因风拍打 帐篷布的声音而醒来。虽然阳光灿烂,但判断是早上还是晚上是不可能 的。我在北极圈的上方 ,在这里夏天太阳永不落山。我看了看表,知道了现在是早上 7:30。 我离开帐篷,走到
45、山边 。拉帕河的支流在我面前展开,流经下面的山谷。我身处瑞典北部 的偏远 地区,在萨勒克国家公园,一个既没有道路也没有城镇的地方。 A Land of Mountains and Ice Sareks mountains used to be covered by vast sheets of ice. Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted , leaving behind about 100 glaciers. Soon after, reindeer began to arrive. Following the reindeer were the
46、Sami people, who made this territory their home. Getting here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. In 1909, Sarek was made a national park in order to keep the land in its natural state . Though the Sami are allowed to continue their traditional way of lif
47、e in the park, no one else can live here, and all new development is banned within park boundaries . At the far side of the valley, an ancient Sami cottage is visible .Close by, there are a few reindeer feeding on grass . 文本解读该段阅读文本先按时间顺序说明了萨勒克国家公园的发展历程:从大约 9,000年前的冰川开始,到动物(驯鹿)及人类(萨米人)的先后到达,然后萨勒克国家公
48、园的成立。 然后按地理位置的变化从远(cottage)到近(驯鹿食草),生动形象地描绘了人、动物和自然和 谐并存的美丽画面。具体的数字说明方法,如具体的年代、冰川的数量,是本段典型的写作 手法。 冰川覆盖的多山之地 萨勒克的山脉曾经 被巨大的冰层覆盖。大约在 9,000年前,这些冰融化了,留下了 大约 100条冰川 。不久之后,驯鹿来到这里。跟随着驯鹿(步伐)的是萨米人,萨米人把这 片土地 当作他们的家园。到达这里相当困难,所以除了萨米人之外,很少有人见过萨勒 克。1909年,萨勒克被列为国家公园以让这片地保持自然状态 。虽然萨米人被允许在公 园里继续他们的传统生活方式,但其他人不可以住在这里
49、,公园范围 内的一切新的开发活 动都被禁止 了。在山谷的另一边,可以看到一座古老的萨米人小屋。附近有几只驯鹿 在草地上觅食 。 Man at Peace with Nature For hundreds of years, looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. They used the reindeers meat for food, their bones for tools, and their skin for making clothes and tents. Since reindeer were always
50、 on the move , the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. Today, most Sami have houses in villages near Sarek and live a modern life just like their neighbours. But every spring, a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek, living in tents or old cottages
