1、名词性从句,主语+be+表语,主语+do+宾语,名 词,名 词,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,一. 什么叫“名词性从句”？,主语,His job is important.,What he does is important.,表语,This is his job.,This is what he does every day.,宾语,I dont like his job.,I dont like what he does every day.,同位语,I dont know about the man, Mr. White.,I dont know about the fact that
2、he is a teacher.,同位语从句,名词性从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,主语,谓语,宾语从句,主语从句,谓语,宾语,主语,谓语,同位语从句,主语,系动词,表语从句,We all know that he is a famous singer .,That he is a famous singer is known to us all.,We all know the fact that he is a famous singer.,The fact is that he is a famous singer.,宾语,总结：名词性从句引导词的三步骤,步骤一：如果从句中缺少主语，
3、宾语，表语，定语则考虑用连接代词； 步骤二：如果从句中既不缺少主语，宾语，表语，定语，但是缺少一定意义的状语，则考虑用连接副词； 步骤三：如果既不缺少主语，宾语，表语，定语，也不缺少状语，则考虑用从属连词。,常见引导词：,1）从属连词that只引导，本身无意义，仅起引导作用。（引导宾语从句时可省，但是如果是并列的多个宾语从句，只能省第一个）,2）连接代词who,whom,what,which,whoever, whatever,whichever等，有意义，作成分,3）连接副词where,when,how,why等，有意义， 在句中作状语,4）从属连词if,whether（是否）(if 只能引
4、导动词、形容词之后的宾语从句),1._he said has nothing to do with you.,2. _well start tomorrow will be told soon.,3. _he did such a thing satisfied me.,4_ we can protect cultural relics needs to be discussed.,what,when,That,How,that在以下情况下不能省略： 一、当动词后带有两个并列的宾语从句时，引入第二个从句的连词that不可省略。 The teacher told the students (th
5、at) they should hand in their homework the next day and that the homework must be signed names by their parents. 老师告诉学生他们要在第二天交上作业，并且作业必须由家长签名。,二、当that前面有插入语时，that不宜省略。 Little Alice didnt know, Im sure, that her sister was going to America. 我确信，小艾丽斯不知道她的姐姐很快就要去美国了。,三、当that 宾语从句前有 it作其形式宾语时，that不可省略。
6、 We think it important that college students should master at least one foreign language.我们认为大学生至少掌握一门外语是很重要的。,四、当引导同位语从句时，that一般不可省略，尤其当that与先行词处于分割情况时。 He heard the news that his team had won. 他听到了他的队获胜的消息。 There is a feeling in me that they are cheating me. 我有一种感觉他们在骗我。,注意：当名词性从句已有疑问词引导时，不可再加that
7、。例如： I dont understand that what you said just now. () I dont understand what you said just now. (),表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whether。 a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 e. 介词后的宾语从句 f.后接动词不定式 (whether to do sth.) g .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if,whether与if的辨用,Practice time,if / whether 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 3
8、. Were worried about _ he is safe. 4. I dont know _ he is well or not. 5. I dont know _ or not he is well. 8. I dont know _ to go.,if / whether 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 3. Were worried about _ he is safe. 4. I dont know _ he is well or not. 5. I dont know _ or not he is well. 8. I dont know
9、_ to go.,Practice time,if / whether,whether,whether /if,whether,whether,同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处,1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、 限定前面的名词。,e.g. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。） The news that you told us is really encouraging. （从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们
10、的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）,2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。,e.g. Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. （that 不充当任何成分） 2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children. （that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）,that 和 what
11、 都可引导所有的名词性从句。但是，_除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句的_、_、 _、或_。而_在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起_作用。,what,主语,宾语,表语,that,连接,总结归纳：,定语,考点一 连接词 that / what 的选用,1. I hate _ when the bus driver quarrels with others during the driving of the bus. A. this B. that C. it D. one 2. 我们发现难以原谅乘客刘某和公交车驾驶员的行为.,We found it difficult to fo
12、rgive the behavior of the passenger Liu and the bus driver.,考点 2 ：it作形式主语, 形式宾语,3. We should made that obeying the law is every citizens duty clear. (改用形式宾语 it ),We should made it clear that obeying the law is every citizens duty .,It + be +名词/形容词/过去分词/不及物动词 + that 从句,总结归纳：,表示建议、要求、命令,坚持等动词suggest、a
13、dvise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order后的从句谓语动词用 _,注意：suggest 当表示“暗示、表明”，insist 表示“坚持认为”之意时，从句谓语动词不用虚拟语气，按需要来选择时态。,(should) + do/be done,考点3 名词性从句中的虚拟语气,1. It is demanded that China _ preparations for the trade war. A. makes B. has to make C. must make D. make 2. It is strange that
14、 Trump _ the loss of American job on the trade imbalance between the two country. A. would blame B. should blame C. had blamed D. has blamed,考点3 名词性从句中的虚拟语气,典型错误及归纳,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 1. Can you tell me how many students are there in your class? 2. I dont know where has he gone. 3. The owner of the
15、shop came to see what the matter was.,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 1. Can you tell me how many students are there in your class? 2. I dont know where has he gone. 3. The owner of the shop came to see what the matter was.,Can you tell me how many students there are in your class?,I dont know where he has gone.
16、,The owner of the shop came to see what was the matter.,规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 4. We suggested that we would go to the cinema. 5. His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable.,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 4. We suggested that we would go to the cinema. 5. His proposal that we went there
17、 on foot is acceptable.,We suggested that we (should) go to the cinema.,His proposal that we (should) go there on foot.,规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！,问题：此类虚拟语气有哪些关键词？,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 7. If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet. 8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it. 9. The question
18、 is if he himself will be present at the meeting. 10. He asked me if I could go with him or not.,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 7. If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet. 8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it. 9. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting. 10. H
19、e asked me if I could go with him or not.,Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,It depends on whether the weather is .,The question is whether he himself will be present .,He asked me whether I could go with him or not.,规律三：4种情况只能用whether ：（1）位于句子开头； （2）前面有介词； 3）引导表语从句； （4）与or not连用
20、。,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting. 3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not
21、.,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting. 3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not
22、.,it,it,that,whether,规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助 “it” 而后置。,问题：想想看是什么“适当的情况”？,做题三步曲： 步骤一：首先把主句和从句区分开来。 步骤二：分析从句缺何种成分。 步骤三：根据分析，选择恰当的连词,名词性从句试题集锦 1.I ask her _ come with me. A. if she will B. if will she C. whether will she D. will she 2._ he said is true. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether 3.Can you t
23、ell me _? A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 4.He didnt know which room _. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 5.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. A. only what B. all what C. all that D. o
24、nly that 6.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. its D. that,名词性从句试题集锦 1.I ask her _ come with me. A. if she will B. if will she C. whether will she D. will she 2._ he said is true. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether 3.Can you tell me _? A. who is that gentleman B
25、. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 4.He didnt know which room _. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 5.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 6.I have no idea _ far the
26、railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. its D. that,7.Can you tell me _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I can got to D. where can I get to 8.Do you know _? A. what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is 9._ you have done m
27、ight do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 10.They have no idea at all _. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone 11.They want to know _ do to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 12.These photo
28、graphs will show you _. A. what our village looks like B. what does our village look like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,7.Can you tell me _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I can got to D. where can I get to 8.Do you know _? A.
29、what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is 9._ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 10.They have no idea at all _. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone 11.They want to know _ d
30、o to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 12.These photographs will show you _. A. what our village looks like B. what does our village look like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,13.Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice
31、 had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 14.No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like D. what look man like 15._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Wheneve
32、r B. If C. Whether D. That 16.Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 17.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for 18._ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matte
33、r,13.Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 14.No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like D. what look man like 15._ the 2008 Olympic Game
34、s will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 16.Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 17.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for 18._ he said at the meeting astonished every
35、body present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter,19. Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 20._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what 21._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weathe
36、r. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 22.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 23. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 24.These wild flowers are s
37、o special that I would do _ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever,19. Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 20._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what 21._ well go camp
38、ing tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 22.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 23. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D.
39、 where 24.These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever,25._ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 26.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excite
40、d B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited 27._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 28.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _ I got wet through. A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how,25._ you dont l
41、ike him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 26.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited 27._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What
42、B. That C. How D. Where 28.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _ I got wet through. A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how,四、名词性从句七大常考考点,考点1：连接词： that 与 what 的区别,That (a new teacher will come to our school ) is true . What we cant get seems better than what we have .,What I am
43、 thinking now is that it is our responsibility that we should do whatever we can to realize our dream that well make our motherland richer, stronger, and more prosperous.,that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不 充当任何成分 what 既有连接作用， 又要在从句中作成分（ 主语，宾语， 表语）( 的东西;物;话;时间;地点;人物;数目等不同概念),1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。 _ is a pity . 2.他来不来不
44、重要。 _doesnt matter.,It doesnt matter whether,That he made such a mistake,It is a pity that,考点 2 ：it作形式主语,形式宾语的用法, it 作形式主语,Whether he will come or not,It is well known/reported/ thought/said that It is clear/necessary/certain/true that It is a pity/a shame/an honor that It doesnt matter whether It s
45、eems that It happens that,* (2) it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容， 常用于这些动词后， like/dislike/love/hate /appreciate/make+it 后常跟if 或when从句,. it 作形式宾语,*(1) make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that / to do,I hate it when people laugh at the disabled .,*(3) depend on it that,1. I like _ in the autumn when the
46、weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one 2.You may depend on _ that you parents will help you whenever you need it. A.them B. yourself C. it D. me,考点3 语序问题,1.The photographs will show you _ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our vil
