1、Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sitesGrammar and usage在复合句中对其前面的抽象名词做进一步解释或说明，说明其在复合句中对其前面的抽象名词做进一步解释或说明，说明其具体内容的从句，叫作同位语从句。具体内容的从句，叫作同位语从句。同位语从句同位语从句定义定义 I have the impression that people there are always on the go.我觉得那里的人总是忙忙碌碌的。The news that our team has won the game is true.我们队赢了比赛的消息是真的。I have n
2、o idea whom she addressed the letter to.我不知道她把信写给谁了。不是所有的名词后面都能跟同位语从句，只有少数不是所有的名词后面都能跟同位语从句，只有少数抽象意义的名的名词可以跟同位语从句。常见的充当同位语从句先行词的名词有：词可以跟同位语从句。常见的充当同位语从句先行词的名词有：同位语从句同位语从句常接同位语从句的名词常接同位语从句的名词advice 建议建议agreement 协议协议 belief 信念信念doubt 怀疑怀疑explanation 解释解释fact 事实事实fear 害怕害怕feeling 感觉感觉hope 希望希望idea 主意主
3、意/知晓知晓news 消息消息opinion 观点观点order 命令命令promise 诺言诺言possibility 可能性可能性problem 问题问题answer 回答回答question 问题问题report 报道报道suggestion 建议建议thought 想法想法truth 真相真相wish 愿望愿望warning 警告警告probability 可能性可能性reply 答复答复evidence 证据证据proof 证据证据criticism 批评批评conclusion 结论结论risk 风险风险proposal 建议建议story 传说传说word 消息消息informa
4、tion 信息信息message 信息信息saying 格言格言desire 欲望欲望mystery 秘密秘密announcement 宣告宣告rumour 传闻传闻 that引导的同位语从句，陈述一个事实或看法，没有疑问之意，引导的同位语从句，陈述一个事实或看法，没有疑问之意，即由原来的陈述句充当。即由原来的陈述句充当。that在从句中不作成分，没有实际意在从句中不作成分，没有实际意义，有时候可以省略。义，有时候可以省略。We have the proof that this man committed the crime.我们有证据证明这个人犯了罪。The fact that some c
5、ountries are still suffering from poverty is really a great problem.一些国家仍在遭受贫困之苦，这确实是个大问题。I had a kind of feeling(that)this might happen.我有种预感，这可能会发生。先行词如含有动词意义，that可以省略，类似词汇还有warning,reply,impression等。同位语从句同位语从句引导词引导词 wh-word引导的同位语从句，表达疑问概念，由原来的疑问句引导的同位语从句，表达疑问概念，由原来的疑问句充当。充当。I have no idea whether
6、 the work is worth doing.我不知道这项工作是否值得做。There seems to be no doubt what they are going to do next.他们下一步要做什么似乎是毫无疑问的。The question whoever will take his place hasnt been discussed.究竟谁来接替他的位置，这个问题还没有讨论。whether（相当于间接的一般疑问句）（相当于间接的一般疑问句）whether疑问代词疑问代词（相当于间接的特殊疑问句）（相当于间接的特殊疑问句）who,whom,whose,what,which,wh
7、oever,whomever,whatever,whichever疑问副词疑问副词（相当于间接的特殊疑问句）（相当于间接的特殊疑问句）when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however同位语从句同位语从句引导词引导词同位语从句同位语从句与定语从句的辨析与定语从句的辨析先行词内涵不同先行词内涵不同同位语从句同位语从句常是一些具有信息内容或一定内涵的抽象名词抽象名词，如idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise等。定语从句
8、定语从句是表示人人、物物、事事、时间时间、地点地点、原因原因的名词，如person,thing,time,place,reason等。同位语从句同位语从句与定语从句的辨析与定语从句的辨析表达的含义不同表达的含义不同同位语从句同位语从句对前面抽象名词的进一步说明和解释进一步说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。定语从句定语从句对其先行词的修饰或限制修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴。The fact that he presented was a strong proof.他所提供的事实是一个强有力的证据。The fact that she hadnt said anything surprised
9、 us all.她什么也没说，这使我们大家都很吃惊。定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句与定语从句的辨析与定语从句的辨析词义不同，成分不同（有无疑问之意）词义不同，成分不同（有无疑问之意）同位语从句同位语从句引导词that,who,whom,whose,when,where,why中，除了that没有疑问的含义之外，其他6个都含有疑问的意思。定语从句定语从句引导词that,who,whom,whose,when,where,why中，没有疑问之意。I dont know the reason why she was absent.我不知道她缺席的原因。We should pay attent
10、ion to the question why she was absent.我们应该注意她缺席的原因。定语从句同位语从句.,but no one can deny the fact that they were constructed in the 13th century BCE.they had no idea whether the temples could be saved from the rising waters.Some experts,however,had a feeling that it was possible.At first,they had no idea
11、which way could work.There was no guarantee that it would work,.Furthermore,the experts had no clue whether any parts of the temples would break during transport.,but we have the belief that we will need this kind of cooperation in heritage preservation.Find the sentences with appositive clauses in
12、the article of part A and fill in the box below.An appositive clause is usually placed after an abstract noun to explain its content.We often use(1)_,(2)_ or a question word to introduce an appositive clause.Nouns that can be followed by an appositive clause include fact,idea,news,opinion,etc.Workin
13、g out the rulesthatwhether1.We have no doubt that UNESCO is trying to protect the heritage sites.2.This was the clue that helped the police find the man who had destroyed the ancient statues.3.Many people do not know the reason why this heritage site isthreatened.4.There is no question that we shoul
14、d protect our shared heritagewe simply have to.5.I want to plan my trip but I have no idea when the temples will open.Read the sentences below and tick the ones with appositive clauses.B1定语从句定语从句Complete the conversation below with proper linking words to form appositive clauses.B2Chris:Sorry to int
15、errupt you,Miss Ma.Im writing an article about UNESCOs work on heritage preservation.Can you tell me something about it?Miss Ma:Sure.In 1972,the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage was adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO.Chris:But Ive heard some pe
16、ople have serious doubts(1)_ the World Heritage Convention really helps.Miss Ma:Sure,it does.It links the concepts of nature conservation and the preservation of cultural properties together.Apart from the Convention,the World Heritage Committee was established in 1976 and passed the motion(2)_ we s
17、hould protect our cultural and natural heritage sites.whetherthatChris:I see.Can you tell me what the World Heritage Committee does?Miss Ma:Of course.For example,it votes to determine which sites are to be listed as UNESCO heritage sites and monitors the state of conservation.Chris:Thats amazing.Is
18、China one of the UNESCO States Parties?Miss Ma:Yes.Do you have any idea(3)_ Chinese properties are on the World Heritage List?Chris:Yes,more than 50 now.For example,the Grand Canal,the worlds longest and oldest canal,was on the list in 2014.Ive heard the news(4)_ certain heritage sites in China are
19、under threat.Miss Ma:Youre right.The proposal(5)_ we should raise public awareness of heritage protection is worth considering.how manythatthatComplete the conversation below with proper linking words to form appositive clauses.B2Chris:I was upset that those accident buildings were in such bad condi
20、tion.Jenny:But didnt you hear the news(1)_?Chris:No,I didnt.Thats great news!I have a dream(2)_.Jenny:Ill join you.After all,we have no idea(3)_.In pairs,complete the conversation below using appositive clauses.B3(1)that they are being restored(2)that Ill be able to visit this site when the repair work is over(3)when well get another chance to visitFinish part C in Workbook on page 76.
