1、Iron and Effects of ExerciseProblemAnalysisSolutionEvaluationThe whole essay is written in a typical problem-analysis-solution-evaluation pattern.I.Structure AnalysisI.Structure AnalysisPart I Part I(Para.1-3)(Para.1-3)Central Topic:Supporting details:Exercise,even moderate exercise,may lead to redu
2、ced iron in the blood of women.A new study is cited to support the topic.Text StudyStructure AnalysisPart II Part II(Para.4-6)(Para.4-6)Effect(Para.4):Iron deficiency is very common among women.Cause 1(Para.5)Cause 2(Para.6)(As to Cause&Effect writing,please go to Structure Writing)Text StudyStructu
3、re AnalysisText StudyStructure AnalysisPart III Part III(Para.7-12)(Para.7-12)3 stages of iron deficiency(Para.7-8)Check iron deficiency(Para.9)Suggested ways to correct iron deficiency(Para.10-12)II.Understanding Main ideasII.Understanding Main ideasText StudyUnderstandingThe text looks into the qu
4、estion of iron and how exercise can affect its levelsin the human body.With the help of the given hints and according to the text,use your own words to elaborate therelevant points.Main Idea of Part I(Para 1-3)Main Idea of Part I(Para 1-3)Three groups of people who are likely to suffer from iron def
5、iciency1.Endurance athletes,particularly females(Para.1)2.Inactive women who started a program of moderate exercise(Para.2)3.The new exercisers who followed their normal diet(Para.3)Text StudyUnderstandingMain Idea ofMain Idea of Part II(Para.4-6)Part II(Para.4-6)take in;only 2/3 of the recommended
6、daily allowanceiron loss1.Too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in;2.Womens monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss;3.Many women increase their risk of iron loss by rejecting red meat;4.Women are liable to experience a deficiency as a result of restricting their diet in weight c
7、ontrol 4 general causes for iron deficiency (Para 4-6):Text StudyUnderstandingMain Idea ofMain Idea of Part III(Para.7-12)Part III(Para.7-12)3 stages of iron deficiency(Para.7-8)Stage 1symptomsStage 2Stage 3+fatigue and poor performanceoften feel weak,tired and out of breathText StudyUnderstanding C
8、heck iron deficiency(Para.9)checkingthe blood proteina different compoundSuggested ways to correct iron deficiency(Para.10)+iron-rich foodsBest sources of irons?Main Idea ofMain Idea of Part III(Para.7-12)Part III(Para.7-12)meat,chicken,fishbeansleafy green vegetablesdatessupplementsText StudyUnders
9、tandingSuggested ways to correct iron deficiency(Para 12)+NoYesNoMain Idea ofMain Idea of Part III(Para.7-12)Part III(Para.7-12)iron-added cerealsor Yesceramic cooking potiron pan+or III.Summary III.Summary Text StudySummaryIt is not infrequent for the bodies of endurance athletes to be deficient in
10、 iron.In particular,female athletes often have this problem.Even _ exercise can cause the problem.A study indicated that formerly _ women showed a _ in iron levels.Iron deficiency _ many women,including exercising women,health-_ women,etc.moderateinactivedecreaseaffectsconsciousThere are _ stages of
11、 iron deficiency.However,most people with low iron _ dont know they have a deficiency.So its advisable for people to have a _ blood test.In addition,people are suggested to _ their diet or take _such as adding more _ foods.III.Summary III.Summary Text StudySummary3reservesyearlymodifysupplementsiron
12、-rich1.But the new exercisers who followed their normal diet showed a decrease in iron levels.(L11)But those women who began a program of exercise while showed adecrease in iron levels.IV.Focus StudyIV.Focus Study但突然参加锻炼却仍沿用旧食谱的人则显示出铁但突然参加锻炼却仍沿用旧食谱的人则显示出铁含量降低。含量降低。”2.Plus,many health-conscious women
13、 increase their risk by rejecting red meat (L19)In addition,many women who refuse to eat red meat such as beef and mutton and thus increase the danger of losing iron 此外，许多保健意识太强的女性也很危险，此外，许多保健意识太强的女性也很危险，因为她们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉因为她们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉3.And because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control
14、weight,they may not consume enough iron-rich food,and are liable to experience a deficiency.(L22)And because women often limit their food,trying to control weight,they may not eat enough food containing much iron,and therefore are to have less iron than necessary.而且，由于女性常常为了控制体重而节食，从而未能而且，由于女性常常为了控制
15、体重而节食，从而未能摄取足够的含铁丰富的食物，结果可能导致缺铁。摄取足够的含铁丰富的食物，结果可能导致缺铁。4.For a woman who already has a poor iron status,any additional iron loss from exercise may be enough to tip her over the edge into a more serious deficiency (L27)For a woman who is already lack of iron,any additional iron loss from exercise may
16、be enough to bring about a more serious deficiency tip over the edge:bring about a noticeable change对于那些对于那些已经缺铁已经缺铁的女性，任何因锻炼而产生的更的女性，任何因锻炼而产生的更多铁离子流失都足以多铁离子流失都足以体内缺铁状况的恶化。体内缺铁状况的恶化。5.and exercise performance is severely compromised.(L38)运动成绩大打折扣。运动成绩大打折扣。be compromised=be affected severely=badlyNot
17、es to the TextFocus Study 6.The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three hours showed a striking increase,the level going up nearly 30 times.(L67)absolute structure 独立结构used to add more information to the object“a striking increase”consume vt.(L10)1.eat or drink 2.use,esp.in larg
18、e amounts V.Words&PhrasesV.Words&PhrasesWords and ExpressionsWord UsingassumepresumeHis old car consumed much gasoline.(.耗油很多。耗油很多。)This is time-consuming work.(需要时间的工作需要时间的工作.)假定假定推测推测派生词派生词 consumption consumer n.Translationa multiple vitamin and mineral supplementa special supplement to a monthly
19、 financial magazineThe money they get from fruit-picking is often a supplement to incomes earned in the town.复合维生素和矿物质复合维生素和矿物质补剂补剂一份金融月刊的一份金融月刊的特别增刊特别增刊他们靠采摘水果所得的钱常常是城里所挣收他们靠采摘水果所得的钱常常是城里所挣收入的入的补贴补贴。supplement n.(L10)Words and ExpressionsWord Usingrespectively ad.(L14)separately in the order mentio
20、nedrespective:respectful:respectable:respecting:Practice (对某人对某人/某物某物表示尊重表示尊重)恭敬的恭敬的;尊敬的尊敬的,有礼貌的有礼貌的(与与“尊重尊重”无关无关)各自的各自的;分别的分别的值得尊敬的值得尊敬的,受人尊敬的受人尊敬的,高尚的高尚的(prep.)关于；由于，关于；由于，鉴于鉴于respective respectful respectable respecting 1.They listened in _ silence.2.He was born in a _ family.3.These are problems
21、 _ population control.4.They became successful in their _ fields.5._ the heavy rain,we had to put off the match.6.The older generation are _ of tradition.7.He is a _ professor and we are _.respectfulrespectablerespectingWords and ExpressionsWord UsingrespectiveRespectingrespectfulrespectablerespectf
22、ulWords and ExpressionsWord Usingratio,rate n.(L14)ratio n.+of/to a figure showing the number of times one quantity contains another,used to show the relationship between two amounts 比，比率，比例 The ratio of 10 to 5 is 2 to 1.The ratio of nursing staff to doctors is 2:1.Words and ExpressionsWord Usingra
23、tio,rate n.(L14)rate n.+of a quantity such as value,cost,or speed,measured by its relation to some other amount 比率 We drove at a steady rate.The birth rate is the number of births compared to the size of the population.The drug has a high success rate in curing the disease.他们为了消除蝗灾正设法把十万只母鸡运往家乡。他们为了
24、消除蝗灾正设法把十万只母鸡运往家乡。They were trying to transport one hundred thousand hens to their hometown in an effort to wipe out the plague of locusts.9.9.为了为了in an effort to(do sth.)(L.23)为了为了 毫不费力毫不费力勇敢地做某事勇敢地做某事下功夫做某事下功夫做某事 without effort to do sth.by an effort of will to make effort to do sth.u 不仔细调查研究，你就会得
25、出错误结论。Without careful investigation,you _ _.上一页上一页to be to 可能；有可能；有倾向倾向to be liable to(L.24)are liableto come to a wrong conclusion派生词派生词 liability (n.)Words and ExpressionsWord Usingallowance n.(L26)the amount allowed or granted sth.such as money,given at regular intervals or for a specific purpose
26、 Most of our flights have a baggage allowance of 20kg per passenger.The manager traveled on business with an allowance that covered hotel and restaurant bills.我们的大多数航班我们的大多数航班容许容许每位旅客免费带每位旅客免费带20公斤行李。公斤行李。这位经理出差时有包括食宿的这位经理出差时有包括食宿的补贴补贴。Words and ExpressionsWord Using随汗液流失随汗液流失/埋头工作沉思不胜惊奇埋头工作沉思不胜惊奇 我
27、们大家都被眼前的美景所吸引。我们大家都被眼前的美景所吸引。to be lost in sweat/ones work/thought/amazement(L30)We were all lost in admiration of the beauty before our eyes.Words and ExpressionsWord Usingcompromise v.(L38)你如果与这些人交往就会损害你的好名声。你如果与这些人交往就会损害你的好名声。他们拒绝同恐怖分子做交易，以免原则受到损害。他们拒绝同恐怖分子做交易，以免原则受到损害。You will compromise your go
28、od name if you associate with these people.They refused to compromise their principles by doing a deal with the terrorists.1)expose somebody or something to danger 连累连累,危及危及Words and ExpressionsWord Usingcompromise v.(L38)他拒绝他拒绝放弃放弃原则。原则。政府是否准备向工人就其工资要求进行政府是否准备向工人就其工资要求进行妥协妥协呢呢?经过一番讨论后我们在贸易问题上达成了经过一
29、番讨论后我们在贸易问题上达成了妥协妥协。He refused to compromise his principles.Is the government prepared to compromise with the workers over their pay demand?After some discussion we reach we reach a compromise on the trade.2)settle by concession 妥协妥协,折衷折衷 compromise with sb.on/over sth.Words and ExpressionsWord Usin
30、gsufficient adj.(L46)enough There is no sufficient evidence to show that he is guilty.派生词派生词 sufficiently (ad.)sufficiency(n.)近形词近形词 efficient 有效率的有效率的 （efficiency n.)反意词反意词 insufficient (a.)throw up(L57)vomit;be sick Words and ExpressionsWord Using这强烈的气味使我呕吐了。The strong smell made me throw up.throw
31、 away 放弃，丢掉；放弃，丢掉；throw out 否决，不接受；否决，不接受；throw over 放弃，跟（某人）吹了放弃，跟（某人）吹了Words and ExpressionsWord Usingderive from(L66)obtain(especially a feeling or an advantage)fromHe is one of those people who can derive pleasure from helping others.有些人有些人从从帮助他人中帮助他人中得到得到快乐，他便快乐，他便是其中之一。是其中之一。Words and Expressi
32、onsWord Usingderive from come fromThe town derives its name from the river on which it was built.这个市镇沿河而建，这个市镇沿河而建，由此得由此得名名。deprive:take away from 剥削，夺去剥削，夺去deprive sb./sth.of sth.Words and ExpressionsWord Usinginterfere with (L70)prevent sth.or slow down the progress touch or change sth.without per
33、mission很多人认为科学家不该做很多人认为科学家不该做干涉干涉大自然的事。大自然的事。Many people feel that scientists shouldnt interfere with nature.interfere with interfere in I have never interfered in his affair.我从不干预干预他的事。interfere in sth.指别人未请而自己主动参与指别人未请而自己主动参与interfere with sth.指阻碍事情发生指阻碍事情发生Words and ExpressionsWord Using1.I turne
34、d down the radio lest it should interfere _ his lessons.2.We have no right to interfere _ the internal affairs of other countries.3.Every time the telephone rings it my work.with in with Words and ExpressionsWord Usingremedy v./n.(L74)v.correct or improve a situation n.a solution to a problem;a cure
35、 for pain or minor illness Efforts to remedy this fault must begin right away.Warmth is the best remedy for a cold.要立即要立即纠正纠正这个错误。这个错误。热疗是治疗感冒最好的热疗是治疗感冒最好的方法方法。运动医学专家运动医学专家a sports medicine expert耐力运动员耐力运动员耐力运动耐力运动缺铁缺铁an endurance athleteendurance exerciseiron deficiency/iron lossiron supplements铁离子
36、补充剂铁离子补充剂women of child-bearing age育龄女性育龄女性含铁丰富含铁丰富/加铁的食品加铁的食品iron-rich food;iron-added food;food with fortified ironWords and Expressions E to CVIVI.English to Chinese.English to Chinese(To be continued)消化系统消化系统digestive system血管血管疲劳疲劳血蛋白分子血蛋白分子blood vesselfatiguemolecules of blood proteiniron rese
37、rve铁离子储量铁离子储量blood test验血验血physician内科医生内科医生surgeon外科医生外科医生substance物质物质Words and Expressions E to C(To be continued)适度的锻炼适度的锻炼 反弹反弹四人中有一人四人中有一人多达，直到多达，直到 吸入，吞入吸入，吞入而且有保健意识的而且有保健意识的 羊肉、牛肉羊肉、牛肉有有.倾向的倾向的 呼吸急促，气喘吁吁呼吸急促，气喘吁吁大打折扣大打折扣 长跑运动员长跑运动员 验血验血铁锅铁锅 弥补不足弥补不足 iron deficiency(L13)reduced iron in the bl
38、ood (L3)iron loss(L6)a decrease in iron levels(L12)缺铁的几种表达方式缺铁的几种表达方式Structure WritingStructure WritingPractical WritingPractical Writing From effect back to causes From cause to effectsI.Structure WritingI.Structure Writing1.Structure Analysis1.Structure AnalysisCause and effect is one of the most
39、commonly used writing techniques.There are two types:WritingStructure Writing2.Sample Paragraph2.Sample ParagraphWritingStructure WritingIron deficiency is very common among women in general,Lyle says,that“too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in”.Women of childbearing age are at greate
40、st risk,since their monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss.Plus,many health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat,.And because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight,they may not consume enough iron-rich food,and are liable to experience adeficien
41、cy.EffectCauses3.Tips for writing3.Tips for writingWrite an effect.Offer some causes.WritingStructure WritingorWrite an cause.Offer some effects.4.Your Task4.Your TaskWrite a paragraph with Cause&Effect method.Topic:1.Human population has increased rapidly.(from effect to causes)2.The knowledge econ
42、omy brings a lot of benefits to a country.(from causes to effects)WritingStructure WritingFor your referenceFrom effect back to causesSampleHuman population has increased rapidly.There are two major reasons for this rapid growth of population in modern times.First,the industrial and agricultural rev
43、olutions,starting in 1650,led to increases in supplies of food and other necessities so that a bigger population can be sustained.Second,the emergence of modern medicine,starting in 1850,enabled people to live longer and healthier lives and produced more children.These two reasons show why humanpopu
44、lation increases a lot.WritingStructure WritingThe knowledge economy brings a lot of benefits to a country.Compared to other forms of economic activity,the knowledge economy is energy-saving and environment-friendly.It also accounts for a growing percentage of each countrys gross domestic product,as well as providing jobs for more and more people.In addition,it can help raise the overall quality of a countrys labor forceand training more specialized personnel.WritingStructure Writing
