1、2022年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试现代语言学试卷(课程代码00830)I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. （2%10=20%）1. A study of language studies the historical de
2、velopment of language over a period of time.（ B ） A. comparative B. diachronic C. synchronic D. descriptive2. There are words in every language that imitate natural sounds, such as rumble, cackle, bang, and .（ B ） A. climb B. crash C. scheme D. rotate3. Of the following four morphemes, belongs to th
3、e inflectional morpheme.（ D ） A. geo- B. dis- C. -less D. -ing4. A sentence contains two or more clauses, one of which is incorporated into the other.（ D ） A. compound B. coordinate C. simple D. complex5. The sense relation between the two sentences Jason has been to London and Jason has been to Bri
4、tain is that of .（ C ） A. synonymy B. inconsistence C. entailment D. presupposition6. When the notion of is taken into consideration, semantics develops into pragmatics.（ A ） A. context B. grammar C. word D. meaning7. Major rule changes in the structure of English sentences took place in their word
5、（ C ） A. meanings B. structures C. orders D. formation8. A language variety that is appropriate for use in a particular speech situation is called （ A ） A. register B. sociolect C. pidgin D. creole9. The Sapir-Whoffhypothesis is about the relationship between （ D ） A. language and speech B. writing
6、and speech C. writing and thought D. language and thought10. Of the following factors, is NOT an individual learner factor.（ C ） A. personality B. aptitude C. input D. motivationII. Directions: Fill in the blank on the ANSWER SHEET in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter
7、of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. （1%10=10%）11. The study of all the social aspects of language and its relation with society form the core of the branch called s ociolinguistics 12. V ibration of the
8、vocal cords results in a quality of speech sounds called voicing.13. Words that contain only one morpheme and can stand alone can be called f ree morphemes.14. Syntactic rules comprise the system of internalized linguistic knowledge of a language speaker known as linguistic c ompetence 15. According
9、 to the n aming theory, the words used in a language are taken to be labels of the objects they stand for.16. Context is generally considered as constituted by the knowledge shared by the speaker and the h earer 17. It is generally accepted that the history of the English language is divided into th
10、e period of O ld English, Middle English and Modem English.18. A linguistic t aboo refers to a word or expression that is prohibited by polite society from general use.19. Language functions are believed to be lateralized primarily in the l eft hemisphere of the brain.20. B ehaviorist learning theor
11、y suggested that a childs verbal behavior was conditioned through association between a stimulus and the following response.III. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false on the ANSWER SHEET, If you think a statement is false, you mu
12、st explain why you think so and then give the correct version. （2%10=20%）21. With his perfect knowledge of his own language, a speaker should not make mistakes in actual use, e.g., slips of the tongue, and unnecessary pauses.22. In English, all the rounded vowels are back vowels.23. According to the
13、ir position in the new word, roots are divided into two kinds: prefixes and suffixes.24. According to Chomsky, UG is a system of linguistic knowledge of a speech community.25. The basic unit in semantic analysis of a sentence is predication.26. A locutionary act is the act of uttering words, phrases
14、, clauses.27. The history of English lexical Joss is characterized with heavy borrowing and word formation.28. When low IQ is used for stupid, it is an instance of euphemism.29. As far as the relation of language and thought is concerned, one can think only by language.30. According to Krashen, lang
15、uage acquisition is contrasted with language learning in SLA process.答案：IV. Directions: Explain the following terms and give examples for illustration where appropriate. （3%10=30%）31. psycholinguistics32. tone33. morphology34. combinational rules35. antonymy36. perlocutionary act37. synchronic lingu
16、istics38. language planning39. linguistic lateralizafion40. language transfer答案：V. Directions- Answer the following questions. （2%10=20%）41. What is the basic difference between a vowel and a consonant? And give examples for illustration.42. To what extent do you think sociological triggers lead to language change? And give examples for illustration.答案：
