1、人教版八年级上册英语期末复习：考点总结与练习题汇编【考点一】复合不定代词【课文原句】Did you do anything special last month? 上个月你做了什么特别的事情吗？【测一测】单项选择：1. That project requires close teamwork. will be achieved unless we work well together.ANothing BAnything CSomething DEverything 2. Attention, please. I have _ _ to tell you. A. something new B
2、. new something C. anything new D. new anything 改为同义句，一空一词：3. He didnt see anybody in the park yesterday evening. He _ _ in the park yesterday evening. 【解析】常见的复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every和-body, -thing, -one构成的合成词。1、一般情况下，some构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句，any构成的复合不定代词用在否定句或疑问句。2、some构成的复合不定代词还用在期望得到肯定回答或提出建议、邀请的疑问
3、句，any构成的复合不定代词还用在表示意思是“任何”的肯定句。3、复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。4、当有形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词要放在这些复合不定代词的后面。5、含no的复合不定代词相当于“not + any的复合不定代词”。6、回答who 引导的特殊疑问句时用no one表示“没有”， 回答how many引导的特殊疑问句时用none表示“没有”。根据句意以及用法，答案是：1. A 2. A 3. saw nobody 【考点二】because与because of的用法【课文原句】 And because of the bad weather, we couldnt
4、 see anything below.并且因为糟糕的天气，底下的东西我们什么都看不到。【测一测】1、单项选择：The lovely girl worked out that difficult math problem _ the teachers help. A. because B. because of C. though D. but 2、改为同义句，一空一词：Tom didnt go to school today because it rained heavily. Tom didnt go to school today _ _ the heavy rain. 【解析】beca
5、use 用作从属连词，引导原因状语从句或作why 开头问句的答语，后跟句子，不与so连用；because of 是介词短语，后接名词、代词或动名词短语。答案为：1. B 2. because of 【考点三】enough的用法【课文原句】 My father didnt bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish. 爸爸没有带够钱，所以我们只吃了一碗米饭和一些鱼肉。【测一测】1、单项选择：You are now_, Bill. So you should wash your clothes by yours
6、elf.A. young enough B. enough old C. old enough D. enough young2、改为同义句，一空一词：He was not strong enough to do the work. He was _ _ _ do the work. He was _ _ that he _ _ the work. 3、完成句子，一空一词：我没有足够的钱买那栋公寓。I dont have _ _ to buy that flat. 【解析】1、enough作形容词时，意思是“足够的，充足的，充分的”，放在所修饰的名词之前或之后都可以。2、enough也可作副词
7、，意思是“足够地，充分地”，修饰形容词或副词，并放在其后。3、enough to do 可以和tooto do 或sothat进行同义句转换。根据题意及用法，答案是：1. C 2. too weak to; so weak, couldnt do 3. enough money/money enough 【考点四】辨析few/a few/little/ a little【课文原句】We took quite a few photos there. 我们在那儿拍了相当多的照片。【测一测】单项选择：1. Now teenagers are very busy with their schoolwo
8、rk and they have _ time to do exercise.A.few B.little C.a few D.a little2. In our school, _students like English, but _ of them can speak English smoothly.A.a little；a few B.a few；few C.a few；little D.a little；few3. Is your friend Michael still in Australia？I dont know. I have _ information about hi
9、m because we havent seen each other for _ years.A. a little；a few B.little；a few C.a few；a little D.few；a little4. -You should walk _ faster. -OK. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 用little, a little, few或a few填空。5. There is_ news about this movie star in the newspaper. Where can I get some？6. Mo
10、st of the students come from the countryside and _ are very poor. 7.Mary is very shy and quiet, so she has _friends.8.Will you come in and have _ wine？ 【解析】few 意思是“几乎没有，很少”，修饰可数名词的复数形式，表示否定意义；a few意思是“几个”，相当于several，修饰可数名词的复数形式，表示肯定意义；little 意思是“几乎没有”修饰不可数名词，表示否定意义；a little 意思是“一点儿”，修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义。另
11、外，a little 还可用作副词，用来修饰形容词、副词、动词以及介词短语。根据题意及用法，答案是：1. B 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. little 6. a few 7. few 8. a little 【考点五】频度副词 【课文原句】He hardly ever watches TV. 他几乎不看电视。 【测一测】单项选择：1. Why do people there _ use umbrellas in the sun？Because they would rather enjoy the sunshine.A.hardly B.often C.always D. someti
12、mes 2. Can you answer this question？Sorry, I can _ understand it.A. hardly B.almost C.quite D.nearly3.-Have you ever been to the USA? -No, _. I am going there next year. A. hardly ever B. never C. yet D. always 改写句子，一空一词：4.I hardly ever drink milk. What about you? (对划线部分提问）_ _ do you drink milk? 5.
13、There were hardly men on the street just now, _ _? （完成反义疑问句）完成句子，一空一词：6. 上个中秋节天空几乎万里无云。Hardly _ _ a cloud in the sky last Mid-autumn Festival. 【解析】(1) hardly意思是“几乎不；几乎没有”，是表示否定意义的频率副词，在句中位于实义动词之前，助动词或系动词之后。(2) 对频率副词画线提问用how often。(3) 频率副词按其频率高低依次排列顺序为：(4) 在反意疑问句中，若陈述部分含有hardly等表示否定意义的词时，其疑问部分用肯定形式。(
14、5) hardly位于句首时，句子要倒装。根据句子意思和要求，答案是：1. A 2. A 3. B 4. How often 5. were there 6. was there 【考点六】形容词、副词的比较等级【课文原句】Tina is taller than Tare. 蒂娜比塔拉个子高。 Tara works as hard as Tina. 塔拉和蒂娜一样工作努力。【测一测】单项选择：1. Of the two shirts, Id like to choose the _ one to save some money for a cap.A.cheapest B.cheaper C.
15、more expensive D.most expensive2. People who eat a balanced diet should be _ than those who only eat hamburgers.A.clever B.cleverer C.health D.healthier3. Is your headache getting_？No, its worse.A.better B.bad C.less D.well4. -I think Jack writes _ than Kate. -I think so. A. careful B. more careful
16、C. carefully D. more carefully 5. I dont think history is more useful than physics.I disagree. In my opinion, history is_ physics.A.as useful as B.not so useful as C.less useful than D.the most useful of6. Peter speaks Chinese well indeed，but of course not _ a local speaker in China.A.so fluently as
17、 B.more fluent than C.as fluent as D.much fluently than7. The weather is becoming _.A.hotter and hotter B.more hot and hot C.hoter and hoter D.more and more hot8. Eighteen kids died in the school bus accident. Its_ one that I have ever heard of.A.a very serious B.a more serious C.the most serious D.
18、the least serious9. The _ you work at your lessons, the_ results you will get.A.hard；good B.harder；good C.hard；better D.harder；better改为同义句，每空一词：10. This story isnt as interesting as that one. That story is _ _ _ this one. This story is _ _ _ that one. 11. Shanghai is the biggest city in China. Shang
19、hai is _ than _ _ _ in China. 完成句子，每空一词：12. 我的轿车比汤姆的贵。 My car is _ _ than _.13. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。The Yangtze River is one of _ _ _ in the world. 14. 黄河是中国的第二长河。The Yellow River is the _ _ _ in China. 【解析】大多数形容词和副词有三级变化：原级、比较级、最高级。1、单音节和少数双音节形容词、副词比较级的构成，一般在词尾加-er或-est；部分双音节词和多音节词，一般在词前加more或most; 还有常见的
20、不规则变化的五组词。2、比较级用于对两者之间的人或事物进行比较，常用的结构为：比较级+than。3、可以修饰比较级的词如：much, even, still, far, any，a little, a lot等。4、 asas结构，意思是“和 一样”；第一个as是副词，后接形容词或副词的原级，第二个as是连词，后面接比较状语从句；not as/soas结构，意思是“不如”。5、两个比较级用and连用表示“越来越”；用more 构成比较级的用“more and more”结构。6、形容词最高级前一般用the，副词最高级前可省略。掌握两个句型结构：one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词；t
21、he +序数词+形容词最高级+单数名词。7、比较级表达最高级意义：比较级+than+ any other +单数名词；比较级+than+the other +复数名词。根据题意以及用法可知答案：1-5 BDADA 6-9 AACD 10. more interesting than; less interesting than 11. bigger, any other city/the other cities 12. more expensive, Toms 13. the longest rivers 14. second longest river 【考点七】易混词both/all 区
22、别【课文原句】 We both like sports, but he plays tennis better, so he always wins.我们都喜欢运动，但是他网球打得更好，所以他总是赢。【测一测】单项选择：1. Sam and Henry play football very well. We hope _ of them can join our team.A. all B. both C. every D. same2. Can she play the guitar or the violin？ _. But she can play the drums.A. Both B
23、. Either C. Neither None 3. How do you like the two books？ _ of them are interesting. And Ive read them several times.A. Both B. Neither C. None D. all 4. -_ of us arent seventeen years old. Oh, yes. I am but you not. A. All B. Both C. Neither D. None 5. Both my sister and my cousin _ playing the pi
24、ano. A. like B. likes C. is D. can 6. -Would you like something to drink, tea or coffee? -_ is OK. I dont mind. A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. All 【解析】both 意思是“两者都”，反义词是neither；all意思是“三者或三者以上都”，反义词是none。(1) both, all在句中作主语同位语时，通常位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前；在简略答语及感叹句中，两者都不能位于句末，而要位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之前，行为动词
25、之后。(2) both/all of+定冠词/物主代词/指示代词或其他限定词+复数名词，其中of及其后的定冠词可以省略；both/all of+复数人称代词宾格，其中of不能省略；(3) both, all与not连用时，表示部分否定；（4）both.and.“和都；不但而且；既又”，通常连接两个并列的成分。连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。注意：either 作不定代词，意思是“两者中任一个”。 根据用法以及题意，答案是：1-5 BCABA 6. C 【考点八】动词不定式作宾语【课文原句】What can you except to learn from sitcoms? 你可以从情景喜剧
26、中期望学到什么？【测一测】完成句子，一空一词：1、 我希望去参加这个活动。 I hope _ _ _ in the activity. 2、没有人能告诉我哪里能得到这本书。Bo one could tell me _ _ _ the book. 3、我认为对我们来说在烦闷的工作之后好好休息是有必要的。I think _ necessary for us _ _ a good rest after the boring work. 【解析】1、动词不定式“to do”经常放在以下动词后面作宾语：hope, want, like, expect, plan, agree, offer, ask,
27、promise, help, prepare, refuse, dare, choose, wish, manage等.2、“疑问词+动词不定式”可以做某些动词的宾语；3、“动词（常见的如believe, think, consider, feel, make等）+it +形容词/名词+to do sth.”句型，其中，it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语to do sth.放在句子末尾。 根据用法以及要求，答案是：1. to take part 2. where to get 3. it, to have 【考点九】辨析hope 与wish；find out 与find/look for 【课文原
28、句】Because I hope to find out whats going on around the world. 因为我希望弄明白世界上在发生什么。【测一测】单项选择：1. I _ you will like the talk show. A. hope B. wish C. help D. may 2. -How I _ you _ hard! -I promise I will. A. Hope, study B. hope, to study C. wish, study D. wish, to study 3. My sister _ her cat yesterday ,b
29、ut she didnt _ it.A.found；look for B.looked；found C.looked for；find D.looked；found4.When he opened the door, he _ nothing but a card outside.A.looked B.founded out C.found D.looked for5.The policemen are trying to _ who stole the camera from the office.A.look B.look for C.find D.find out 完成句子，一空一词：6
30、、 有一天我希望环游世界。I _ _ _ around the world one day. 7、 他希望他能飞往月球。He _ he _ fly to the moon. 8、请查明飞机到达的准确时间。Please _ _the exact time the plane will arrive.9、我找不到手表了，但它一定在这个房间的某个地方。I cant _ my watch, but it must be somewhere in this room.10、 看！那位老人在找什么？ Look! What is the old man _ _？【解析】hope 意思是“希望”，经常用作及物
31、动词，常表示可以实现的希望，常见三个结构：hope to do sth. hope that+ 从句 hope for sth.，记住没有hope sb. to do sth., hope sb. sth., hope doing sth.这些用法；wish 意思是“希望”，常表示难以实现的希望，常用结构：wish to do sth.，wish sb. to do sth. ，wish that+从句（祝愿）。find out 意思是“查明；找出”，指经过反复地调查、询问、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”，通常含有经过困难、曲折之意；find 意思是“找到；发现”，强调“找”的结果，指偶然发现才得
32、到所需要的东西或经过寻找发现丢失的东西；look for 意思是“寻找”，强调“找”的过程。 根据考查内容以及它们的区别用法，可知答案是：1-5 ADCCD 6. hope to travel 7. wishes, could 8. find out 9. find 10. looking for 【考点十】happen的用法【课文原句】 I like to follow the story and see what happens next.我喜欢跟随故事情节看看接下来会发生什么。【测一测】单项选择：1. -What _ to you three years ago? -An traffic
33、 accident _ to me. A. happened, happened B. was happened, was happened C.happened, was happened D. was happened, happened 2. -The Olympic Games of 2008 _ in Beijing. -This is our pride. A.take place B. took place C. happen D. happened 3. Great changes _ in our hometown in the past five years.A.take
34、place B.took place C.have taken place D. have been taken place 4. I happened_ her on the street in Hong Kong last year. A. meet B. to meet C. meeting met 5. -It would be difficult to find a man to _. -What a pity!A. take place B. take his place C. instead of him D. happen him 【解析】happen 和take place都
35、有“发生”的意思，都是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。并且二者都是非延续性(瞬间) 动词，都不能与表示时间段的时间状语连用。happen 指偶然、没有预料的“发生”，其结果往往给人带来麻烦或不幸。“sth.happen地点/时间”意思是“某地/某时发生了某事”；“sth.happentosb.”意思是“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”；“sb.happento do sth.It happen that.”意思是“某人碰巧做某事”。然而，happen指必然性的“发生”或有计划、有组织在安排之内的“举行”。注意：take sbs place 意思是“代替某人”。 根据题意及用法，答案是：1-5 AB
36、CBB 【考点十一】take up的用法【课文原句】 Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos, or learn to play the guitar一些人可能会说他们打算开始一种业余爱好，如绘画、摄影或者学弹吉他。【测一测】单项选择：1. If you _ an activity, you should become interested in it and spend time doing it. A take up B. pick up C. look u
37、p D. get up 2. What is your sister? She has _ a job as a teacher.Ataken up Btaken down Ctaken in Dtaken out3. Simon failed the exam again.Thats not surprising. Computer games _ too much of his time. A take in Btake on Ctake off Dtake up【解析】take up 意思是“(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做”，它还有“占据；占用”的意思。常用take 词组：take dow
38、n 拆除，take in 吸入，take out 取出，take off 脱下，起飞；take sth seriously 认真对待；take away 拿走；take after （外貌或行为）像；take on 承担，呈现；take photos 照相；take care of 照顾；take back 收回；take medicine 吃药；take action 采取行动；take it easy 别紧张；take place 发生；take sbs place 代替；take ones temperature 量体温；take notes 做笔记；take part in 参加；ta
39、ke pride in 为骄傲；take a bus 乘公交车。 答案：1. A 2. A 3. D 【考点十二】一般将来时 【课文原句】Im going to study computer science. 我打算学习计算机科学。 Will people use money in 100 years？一百年后人们还用纸币吗？【测一测】单项选择：1. Hurry up! Theres a bus coming!Why run？There _ another one in two or three minutes.A. is going to be B. is going to have C.
40、will have D. will is 2. Can you tell me _？In three days.A.when will they go to the Science MuseumB.how long they have been in New YorkC.how soon they will go to see the children left at homeD.what time will they attend the meeting3. Dad _ the USA in two weeks.A.is leave for B.leaves for C.is leaving
41、 for D.left for4. What do you think your life will be like _ twenty years？Yeah. I have thought about it _ three years.A. before；of B.after；in C.in；for D.for；for5.Work hard, or you _ your English exam. A. will fail B. arent going to fail C. fail D. dont fail 6. We will go swimming if it _ tomorrow. A
42、. wont rain B. doesnt rain C. isnt raining D. is going to rain 7. I will tee you as soon as he _ back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. is going to come 【解析】1、一般将来时态表示将来的动作，常用两种结构表达：be going to+动词原形；will+动词原形。常和表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, next year, in the future, in five days等。注意：come, go, leave 等表示移动意义
43、的动词，可用进行时表达将来。 2、“in+时间段”常用于一般将来时的句子中，表示“在之后”，对其划线提问用how soon。“after+时间段”常用于一般过去时的句子中，对其画线提问用when；“after+时间点”常用于一般将来时的句子中，对其画线提问用when。3、与条件状语从句和时间状语从句搭配使用时，主句将来时，从句一般现在时。4、在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型中，陈述句中只能用will或情态动词加动词原形。根据题意及用法，答案是：1-5 ACCCA 6-7 BB 【考点十三】数词的确指与约指【课文原句】 However, they agree it may take hundreds of years.然而，他们同意这可能还需要几百年的时间。【测一测】单项选择：1. When he arrived at the airport, Jackie Chan found that _ fans were waiting for him there.A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of2. She enjoys collecting. He has collected over five
