1、一. There is no句型1. There is no doing 结构。其意为“不可能”、“无法”：Theres no denying the fact. 这一事实不容否认。There is no getting over the difficulty. 这困难无法克服。There is no knowing what he will do next. 无法知道他下一步要干什么。There was no telling when she would be back。没法知道她什么时候回来。2. There is no difficulty in doing sth结构。意为“做某事没有
2、困难”：There is no difficulty in finding his office. 找到了他的办公室没费一点劲。There was no difficulty in carrying out the plan. 执行这项计划没什么困难。3. Theres no doubt of sth. / dong sth / that 结构。意为“毫无疑问”：There is no doubt of his success. 毫无疑问他一定会成功。There could be no doubt that he was one of the best writer in this count
3、ry. 毫无疑问他是这个国家最优秀的作家之一。4. There is no hurry (to do sth) 句式。其意为“不用急(于做某事)”：Theres no hurry to return the book. 现在不急于还书。Theres no hurry, so do it slowly and carefully. 不用赶时间，要慢慢细心地做。5.Theres no need ( for sb. ) to do sth. 结构。其意为“不需要或不必要”：There is no need for help. 不需要帮助。There is no need for you to go.
4、 你没有必要去。6. There is no sense in doing sth 结构。意为“做某事没有道理或好处”：Theres no sense in criticizing him. 批评他也没有用。Theres no sense in waiting three hours. 等三小时是不没有道理的。7. Theres no point in doing sth 句式。意为“做某事没有用”：Theres no point (in) telling her about is. 告诉她没有用。Theres no point in wasting time. 耗时间没用。【注】以上有的结构
5、中的no根据情况也可换成其他限定词：There is some difficulty in doing sth意为“做某事有些困难”。There is much difficulty in doing sth意为“做某事许多困难”。Theres a need for意为“需要或有必要”。二. prefer句型(1) prefer to do sth 例：I prefer to stay at home. (2) prefer doing sth 例：I prefer playing in defence. (3) prefer sb to do sth例：Would you prefer me
6、 to stay?(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿.而不愿.例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth例：I prefer watching football to playing it.(6) prefer sth to sth 例：I prefer tea to coffee. 我要茶不要咖啡。三.seem 句型(1) It +seems + that从句例：It seemed that everyone was satis
7、fied.(2) It seems to sb that -例：It seems to me that she is right. (3) There seems to be -例：There seems to be a heavy rain. (4) It seems as if -例：It seemed that she couldnt come to class.四. 相差/增加（了/到）表示“相差；增加了；增加到”句型：(1) She is taller than I by three inches. 她比我高三英寸(2) There is one year between us. 我
8、们之间相差一岁。(3) She is three years old than I 她比我大三岁。(4) They have increased the price by 50%. 他们把价格上涨了50%五.too句型(1) tooto do sth例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians（Politics is so important that it cant be left to the politicians）(2) cant too +形容词 无论也不为过例：We cannot emphasize the im
9、portance of protecting our eyes too much.六. 感叹句型(1) What a + Adj + N + S + V!例：What an important thing it is to keep our promise!(2) How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么.！）例：How important a thing it is to keep our promise!(3) How + S + V!例句：How I want to go to Beijing！七.情态动词句型（含否定）should ,would, could, might,
10、ought to完成时，表示过去本该做，打算做，想做而未做的事情1.should have done =ought to have done 本应该做而没做2.would have done = 本来就会去做某事而没做3.could have done = 本可以做某事而没做4.might have done 本可以做而没做例：They ought to have apologized. 他们本该道歉的。5. must have done sth 一定做过某事 否定形式：cant / couldnt have done例：She must have come here last night.
11、She cant have gone there6. may have done sth可能做过某事否定形式：may not have done例：Philip may have been hurt seriously in the car accident.7.might have done sth 或许做过某事 否定形式: might not have done例：She might have known what the bottle contained.8.should have done sth 估计已经做了某事 否定形式：should not have done例：She shou
12、ld have arrived in her office by now.八.动词不定式句型(1) It takes / took / will take sb. some time / money to do sth.某人花/花了/将花多长时间/多少钱做某事.例句：It took me years of hard work to speak good English.(2) It is + adj +for/of sb to do sth例：It was careless of Tom to break the cup.(3) Sb. have / has / had no choice b
13、ut to do. 某人除了做别无选择.例句：We had no choice but to take a taxi for wed missed the last bus.(4) Its not /just like sb. to do sth.的行为不/正像某人的一贯作风.例：lts not like Jim to be late for class. He regards time as the most important thing in life. (5) 形容词副词enough to do sth例：I was fortunate enough to travel to Sout
14、h Africa.(6) It pays to + V （.是值得的。）例句：It pays to help others.(7) It cost sb some time/money to do sth例：It must cost a good deal to live here.住这儿一定会花很多钱的。(8)do all he could todo sthdo what he could to do sth do everything he could to do sth例：They were doing everything they could to help the fatherla
15、nd.(9) It is hard to imagine/ say 很难想象/说例：It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day. Its hard to say whether the plan is practical.九. 动名词常用句型(1) .have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing sth. (有困难做某事)例：People from the two countries do not have any
16、difficulty in understanding each other.(2) upon/on doing sth, 一就例：Upon / On hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldnt say a word.(3) There is no/some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.例：There is no difficulty in solving this social problem.(4) There is no need/use harm/hurry i
17、n doing sth例：There is no need in sending such expensive present.(5) spend some time/money (in) doing sth例：They say children spend too much time chatting and playing games instead of focusing on their school work.(6) Its no use / good/ worth doing sth例：Its no use talking with him. He wont listen to y
18、ou.(7) Its a waste of time/money/energy doing例：Its a waste of time watching TV programme as this.十.since 句型(1) Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard. 自从他上高中，他一直很用功。(2) It is + - + since S +持续性谓语动词（表否定）例：It is three years since she lived here. 她已三年不住
19、这儿了。(3) It is / has been + - + since S + 瞬间谓语动词（表肯定）例：It is years since I stopped smoking）我戒烟已经数年了。十一. more .than 句型(1) more - than 与其不如例：He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work.(2) more than 超过；不仅仅是；非常例：These flags are more than just colorful pieces of cloth a
20、nd thread sewn together. (3) not more than 最多，不超过例：They finished the project in not more than one year.(4) no more than 仅仅例：The officials could see no more than the Emperor.十二.感叹句what句型What +名词+陈述语序 What+a+形容词+名词+陈述语序 What+ 形容词+复数名词+陈述语序What+ 形容词+不可数名词+陈述语序具体说来，表达强烈情绪（喜、怒、哀、乐、惊、恐等）的句子叫做感叹句，强烈情绪的表达通常
21、有下列三种方式：（a）使用感叹词；（b）只用情绪感觉的语词，例如：Water! Water! Quick!（水！水！快！如救火或救人时。）What taste!（这是什么味道啊！如吃到怪味时）（c）使用“How!”或“What（a）!”的句式，例如：How beautiful you are, Helen!海伦，你是多么美！What a beautiful flower it is!这一朵花多么美！本句式的主语动词也可以省去以突显情绪的强烈感，例如：How cruel（they are）!真是惨绝人寰！如听到绑票的撕票案等。How beautiful （these flowers are ）!
22、这些花多美啊！（d）使用简短的陈述句配合音调也可以表达感叹，例如：You are kidding!你在开玩笑！表示惊讶I love you我爱你！表示喜欢I hate you!（我恨你！表示愤怒或绝望一、用 what 引导的感叹句有三种句式，此时， what 为形容词，用作定语，修饰它后面的名词或名词词组。1. What +a / an + 形容词可数名词单数主语谓语！例如：What a fine day it is！（多么好的天气啊！）What an old building that is！（那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊！）2. What + 形容词可数名词复数形式主语谓语！例如：What g
23、ood teachers they are！（他们是多么好的老师啊！）What beautiful flowers these are！（这些是多么美丽的花啊！）3. What + 形容词不可数名词主语谓语！例如：What thick ice we are having here！（我们这儿的冰多厚啊！）What round bread it is！（这是一块多么圆的面包啊！）二、用 how 开头的感叹句也有三种句式，此时， how 是副词，用作状语，修饰后面的形容词、副词或动词。4. How 形容词主语谓语！例如：How hot it is today！今天天气多热啊！How beautif
24、ul the flowers are！这些花多么美丽啊！5. How 副词主语谓语！例如：How hard he works！他工作多么努力啊！How well she sings！她歌唱得多好啊！6. How + 主语谓语！例如：How she dances！（她跳舞跳得多好啊！）注意：what 和 how 引起的感叹句，在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。例如：How cold （ it is ） ！What a good girl！What delicious fish十三 . It句型1. It is + 被强调部分 + that .该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其
25、它部分置于that 之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that 可以由 who 换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father.2. It is
26、not until + 被强调部分 + that .该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语 “直到才”，可以说是 not . until . 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.= I didnt realize she was a famous film sta
27、r until she took off her dark glasses.3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain) that 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的主语从句，常译为 “ 清楚（显然，真的，肯定）”是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear.4. It is important ( necessary, r
28、ight, strange, natural.) that .该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.5. It is said (reported, learned) that 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是 that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译
29、为“ 据说（据报道，据悉）”。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another man-made satellite has been put into orbit6. It is suggested ( ordered, required . ) that .该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省。常译为“ 据建议；有命令）”。 It is suggested that the meeti
30、ng ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.7. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that .该句型中，that 后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可省去表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ It is a pity tha
31、t he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！8. It is time ( about time , high time ) that .该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是 常用过去时态表示虚拟 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。常译为“是（正是）的时侯”。 It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed.9. It / This is the first ( second ) time (that) 该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句
32、型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中 that 可以省去；it 有时用 this 替换，常译为“是第一（二）次”。 It is the first time I have been here.= This is the first time I have been here.10. It is since .该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since 引
33、导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died.11. It is . when .该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当的时候，是”。 It was 5 oclock when he came here.12. It be . before .该句型主句中的 it 指时间, 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 we
34、eks 等表示时间段的词或短语。常译为“过了多久之后就 / 才”。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job.13. It happens that.该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen是不及物动词 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧 14. It takes sb. to do sth.该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是
35、形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做要花费某人”。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 15. It is no good (use ) doing sth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking English.16. It doesnt matter whether.该句型中wh
36、ether 引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为“不论（是否） 没关系。 It doesnt matter whether they are old (or not).17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of 引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有: bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, good (好心的), honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教养的)
37、, polite, rude, silly, stupid, wise, wrong (错误的)等。这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.该句型与上一个同属一个句型。不定式的逻辑主语由for 引起，形容词通常表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况。常见的形容词有： important, necessary, natural easy, safe, common, nor
38、mal, hard, difficult, dangerous, unusual, impossible, pleasant等。如：It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party19. It seems/appears that 看来 It seems/appears that he will be back in a few days.It looks ( seems ) as if .该句型中it 无意义。as if 引导一个状语从句。常译为，“看起来好像 如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气 It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了） It seemed as if he were dying.(虚拟语气)
