1、专题07 动词的时态和语态复习动词时态复习, 使学生掌握初中所学的七大时态的用法, 构成。以及在实际语境中, 书面表达中的运用。考题主要在单项选择, 语法选择, 语法填空, 选词填空中出现。当然书面表达中准确运用时态也会影响学生得分。动词的时态历来是中考题中考查的重头戏之一。测试重点放在根据特定语言环境区别使用一般现在时, 一般过去时和现在完成时；一般现在时(过去时)与现在(过去)进行时；特定的时间状语中时态的使用；结合所获得的语言知识确定正确时态的能力等。综上所述, 动词的时态在中考测试中的地位非常重要。因而考生在复习备考中必须对本专题引起足够的重视。1Jessica _ every nig
2、ht before her Chinese test and got good results.AstudiesBstudiedChas studiedDwill study2 Who will talk about the development of American country music next week? I suggest Brad. He _ in Nashville, the home of country music, since he was a child.AlivesBlivedChas livedDwill live3 Jim, Ive got a proble
3、m with my car. Could you help me? Sorry, not right now. I _ a short video.AmakeBhave madeCam makingDwas making4I _ ice skating this Sunday. Do you want to come?AgoBwentCwas goingDwill go5While we _ an English song, some visitors came to our class.AsingBwill singCwere singingDare singing一 、一般现在定义(常涉及
4、现在)表示现在经常反复发生的或习惯性的动作或状态;还可用来描述真理谓语构成am/is/are；do/does时间状语always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, hardly, never, every year, once a day, twice a week, three times a month, on Sundays等举例Jacob is/isnt a sailor. 雅各布是/不是一个海员。She sings/doesnt sing well. 她唱得好/不好。二、一般过去时定义(常涉及过去)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态；也表示过去经常
5、或反复发生的动作谓语构成was/were； did； could； would 时间状语yesterday,last night,in 1990,two days ago, often,always等举例Mike was/wasnt silent.迈克是/不是不爱说话。三、现在进行时定义(常涉及现在某一时刻)表示(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作；也可表示现阶段一直或反复进行的动作谓语构成is/am/are doing时间状语now, at the moment, look, listen, these days, at present, from two to five等举例I am/am n
6、ot standing on the Grand Canyon now. 我正/没有站在大峡谷上。Look! He is playing football.看！他正在踢足球。四、过去进行时定义(常涉及过去某一时刻)表示过去某个时间点或过去某时间段正在进行的动作谓语构成was/were doing时间状语at nine last night,at that timethen,at this time yesterday,this morning,the whole morning,all day yesterday, when/while引导的时间状语从句等举例I was/was not loo
7、king at Victoria Falls at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候我正/没有看到维多利亚瀑布。He broke his arm when/while he was riding the motorbike.他骑摩托车的时候折断了胳膊。五、现在完成时定义(涉及过去、现在、有可能到将来)表示始于过去、持续至今的动作或状态, 并可能继续下去；也可以表示过去发生或已完成的某个动作对现在产生的影响或结果谓语构成have/has done时间状语for(时段), since(表过去的时间点), already,yet,just,before,recently,stil
8、l,lately,these years,just,up to now,so far,in/over/during the last/past few months等举例She has/hasnt lived here for five years.她住/没住这儿五年了。Have you seen it yet?你还没看见吗？Would you like to have dinner with me?你愿意和我们一起共进晚餐吗？Thanks, but Ive had it already.谢谢, 我已经吃过晚饭了。Angel has been dead for 2 days. 安杰尔死了两天了
9、。六、一般将来时定义(涉及将来) 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事谓语构成will/shall do； is/am/are going to do； am/is/are doing时间状语tomorrow,soon, next year/week/month, in a few days, in the future, sometime, 含有when或if的复合句等举例Were going to meet outside the school gate soon.我们不久将在学校门口会合。They wont have a meeting tomorrow. 他们明天没有
10、会议。There are going to be two parties this Saturday. = There will be two parties this Saturday.这个星期六将有两个派对。七、去完成时定义一件事情发生在过去, 而另外一件事情先于它发生(即表示“过去的过去”), 那么发生在先的事情的动词须用过去完成时。这个过去的时间可用before等介词短语构成一个时间状语从句来表示, 也可以通过上下文给出暗示。谓语构成“had +过去分词”时间状语by then, by that time, by the end of, before 2012, by the time
11、等。用在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句中。也可用在状语从句中此时, 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中, 发生在先用过去完成时；发生在后用一般过去时。举例By then he had learned English for four years.到那时, 他已学习英语四年了。She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 她说她从来没去过巴黎。现在完成时与一般过去时区别现在完成时一般过去时时态范畴现在时态,过去的动作对现在造成的影响 过去时态, 过去动作, 与现在无关例句Li Lei has read t
12、he book. （说明李雷了解那本书的内容）Yesterday l went to the zoo.（仅说明昨天去了动物园, 与现在无关）时间状语already, yet, still, just, so far, in the last( past), before, ever, never, since+时间点, for+时间段ago, yesterday, last, in 2000, just now 例句Have you ever picked flowersin a park? 你们曾在公园里摘过花吗？Father bought that watch ten years ago.
13、爸爸十年前买了那块手表。一、单项选择6 My father and I _ a lot of photos at the same place in the past ten years. Those photos must be your valuable memories.Ahave takenBwill takeCtakeDwere taking7Hey, Aunt Jenny! Its you! I didnt expect you _ over. What a nice surprise!Ahad comeBhave comeCwould comeDwill come8I saw H
14、arry in February and I _ him since then.Adidnt seeBwont seeChavent seenDdont see9 What do you think of the novel, Journey to the West? Its so exciting that I _ it for three times.AreadBwill readChave readDwas reading10Lucy, what are you doing? I _ a model ship.AmakeBmadeCam makingDwas making11The Sh
15、enzhou-15 astronauts _ to Earth safely on June 4, 2023.AreturnBreturnedCwill returnDhave returned12If you go to the concert with us tomorrow, you _ a great time there.AhaveBhadCwill haveDhave had13Eric _ many things since he became interested in science.Ais learningBwas learningCwill learnDhas learn
16、ed14Whats that noise, Tom?Oh, some children _ in the yard.AplayBare playingCplayedDwill play15While we _ an English song, some visitors came to our class.AsingBwill singCwere singingDare singing16Hurry up!One moment. I _ my e-mail and then Im ready to go.AreadBam readingCwas readingDhave read17-Ive
17、never seen Mr. Taylor before.-Dont worry. I _ him to you before the meeting.Awill introduceBintroducedChave introducedDhad introduced18Linda, Dad has finished his work and we _ to the gym to pick you up. -Thank you, Mum.AdriveBdroveChave drivenDare driving19Do you know if he _to play football with u
18、s? I think he will come if he _free tomorrow.Acomes; isBcomes; will beCwill come; isDwill come; will be20Uncle Sam said he _ my birthday party, but he never showed up. - Thats Uncle Sam. He forgets everything!Awill attendBwould attendChas attendedDhad attended21The student told me that he _ the exam
19、 _.Ahas had; yesterdayBhad; the day before yesterdayChad had; the day beforeDhad had; yesterday22Hello! May I speak to Kate?Sorry, she isnt in. She _ ping-pong outside.Ais playingBplaysCplayedDwill play23I dont think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. I _. Its not safe.AagreeBagreedCwill
20、agreeDhad agreed24The chief engineer announced that they _ a space lab on the space station around the end of 2022.Ahave builtBhad builtCwill buildDwould build25May I speak to Wang Li?Sorry, she is not at home. She _ since last month.AleftBhas leftChas been awayDwent away26They didnt notice me come
21、in because they _ computer games.AplayBare playingCwere playingDhave played27I _ a cold. I am not feeling well now.AcatchBhave caughtCwill catchDwas catching28Many people _ busily in that building at eight yesterday evening.Aare workingBwere workingChas workedDhad worked29The boy _ and showed us a r
22、ow of white teeth.AlaughBlaughedClaughsDis laughing30Well, everyone _ taking the notes. Now lets go on our class.AfinishedBhas finishedCwas finishingDwill finish31When did you _ the new watch? Well, I _ it for two weeks.Ahave bought; have hadBbought; have boughtCbuy; have hadDbuy; bought32Jack _ the
23、 yard when I passed by.AcleanedBis cleaningCwas cleaningDcleans33 You look pretty busy, how come? We _ for an office party now.AprepareBhave preparedCare preparingDwere preparing34Students in Grade Nine _a maths exam at this time yesterday.AtakeBare takingCwere takingDhave taken35Hurry up!One moment
24、. I _ my e-mail and then Im ready to go.AreadBam readingCwas readingDhave read36-Ive never seen Mr. Taylor before.-Dont worry. I _ him to you before the meeting.Awill introduceBintroducedChave introducedDhad introduced37I_up at 6:30 every morning.AgetBgotCwill getDgets38Most of my good friends _ whe
25、n I _ at the party.Aleft; had arrivedBhad left; arrivedCleft; arrivedDhad left; had arrived39When he was in the shop,he found he _ his wallet.AlostBhas lostChad lostDwould lose40By the end of last week, Maggie _ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children.Awill stayBhas stayedC
26、would stayDhad stayed41Did you see Mrs. Lee in the meeting room?No. When I got there, she _ another meeting.Ahad left forBhad left toCwas leaving forDwas leaving to42You didnt watch the movie?Yes, but by the time I _ to the cinema, the movie _ for several minutes.Agot; has begunBgot; had been onCgot
27、; had begunDgot; has been on43Its ten years since we came here.How time flies! We _ in China for so long.AworkBworkedCwill workDhave worked44Students in Grade Nine _a maths exam at this time yesterday.AtakeBare takingCwere takingDhave taken45Amon _ his ship in a big storm when a giant fish came out
28、of the sea.Awill sailBis sailingCwas sailingDhas sailed二、用所给动词的适当形式填空46A serious car accident (happen) on this street last Sunday.47What will the weather be like this coming Saturday? I hope it (be) a fine day for our picnic. I cant wait!48Do you like junk food, Linda?Thats my favorite. The more jun
29、k food I (have), the happier I (be).49What did your mother say about this? She (say) that she (try) her best to help me with my English next term.50Dont get off the bus until it (stop), Tom. I wont, Dad. Dont worry about me.51Is your father a doctor? Yes, he is. He (work) in Childrens Hospital.52I c
30、alled you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.Oh, Im sorry. I (have) dinner at my friends home at that time.53I (not read) the book Little Women yet, but Ill let you read it first.54I (not hear) from my friend since he moved to Shanghai.55This novel is very interesting. My brother （read）it th
31、ree times.56When the doorbell rang, I (chat) happily with my grandma on the phone.57My father (buy) the car five years ago.58By the end of last year, I (be) to the West Hill Farm three times.59Mom (go) out for some exercise by the time I got up.60We (paint) the house before we moved in.动词语态语态是动词的一种形
32、式, 用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。本专题目的是要完全掌握被动语态的构成, 能在语境中正确判断被动语态使用及时态变化。熟练掌握中考的考向及解题方法及思路。 被动语态在中考中一般以单项选择题, 语法选择, 选词填空, 完成句子出现在中考的试卷中。各省市主要考查一般现在时, 一般过去时, 一般将来时, 含情态动词的被动语态。考查的难点就是要判断是否要使用被动语态, 这是历来学生出错的地方。判断的方法就是掌握动作的执行者和承受着这一概念。61This little one _ Little Six. He was weak and quiet.AcalledBwas callingCwas ca
33、lledDwere called62我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。I hope one day my art works in the art gallery.63What language _ in Germany?Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.AspeakBis spokenCis speakingDspeaks64Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they _ into schools.Aintrodu
34、ceBintroducedCare introducedDwere introduced一：被动语态的定义🔺英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。在主动语态时, 句子的主语是这个动作的执行者；在被动语态时, 句子的主语是这个动作的承受者。如：They built this house. 他们建造了这座房子。主语they是built这个动作的执行者, 动词用主动语态。The house was built by them. 这座房子是由他们建造的。主语the house是built这个动作的承受者, 动词用被动语态。1 “be +（及物动词的）过去分词”构成动词被动语态的形式。
35、be有人称、数和时态的变化。以动词do为例, 几种常用时态的主动语态和被动语态的结构形式如下：二：被动语态的构成时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时do / doesam / is / are done一般过去时didwas / were done现在进行时am / is / are doingam / is / are being done过去进行时was / were doingwas / were being done一般将来时will / shall dowill / shall be done现在完成时has / have donehas / have been done过去完成时had
36、donehad been done过去将来时should / would doshould / would be doneThis kind of machine is made in Guangzhou. 这种机器是广州制造的。The computer was stolen.那台电脑被偷了。A new road is being built outside my house.我家门口正在修一条新路。The man was being questioned by the police.这个人当时正在被警察盘问。Your wallet has been found. 你的钱夹已经找到了。Your
37、 watch will be repaired. 你的表将会被修理好。2 被动语态的否定句和疑问句。(1)被动语态的否定句在be后加not。如：The song is not liked by young people.这首歌不受年轻人喜爱。 (2) 被动语态的疑问句将be提至主语前。如： Is Chinese used only in China? 汉语只在中国使用吗？ Are these computers made in the USA?这些电脑是美国制造的吗？ Yes, they are. 是的。No, they arent. 不, 不是的。动词语态训练65The Monkey Kin
38、g is a traditional Chinese character. It _ by people of all ages.Ais lovedBwas lovedCwill loveDis loving66While everyone _ the comics page, I picked up a copy to see what was so funny.Ais laughing atBlaughed atClaughs atDwas laughing at67When I was a pupil, some of my pocket money _ to buy comic boo
39、ks.AuseBis usedCusedDwas used68The 19th Asian Games _ in Hangzhou from September 23 to October 8, 2023.Awas heldBwill holdCwill be held69The environment of this town is better now.Thats because lots of trees _ here many years ago.Aare plantedBwere plantedCwill be planted70The Qatar World Cup _ from
40、November 21 to December 18 last year.AholdsBheldCwas heldDis held71Can he get the first prize in the race?He _ so, but he has just hurt his leg. Its impossible now.Awill expect to doBis expected doingChas expected doingDwas expected to do72Hou Yi _ magic medicine for shooting down the nine suns, the
41、n Pang Meng tried to steal it.AgivesBhas givenCgaveDwas given73What should we do first if we want to develop our village?First of all, a new road _, I think.Amust buildBhas to buildCmust be builtDhas built74This English song _ by the girls after class .Aoften singsBoften sangCis often sangDis often
42、sung75Attention, please! All the mobile phones _ during the meeting.Amust be kept offBare keeping offCkept offDhave kept off76Many of the stars _ because they are far away from us.Amay not seeBneednt seeCcan not be seenDmustnt be seen77Lily, will you go to Jennys birthday party this Saturday?Im not sure. Because I _ so far.Ahave invitedBwasnt invitedChavent been invitedDwill be invited78Oh,your room is too dirty, Mike!Sorry, Mum. It _ _yesterday. I forgot to do it.Adidnt cleanBisnt cleanedCwas cleanedDwasnt cleaned79Excuse me, sir, smoking _ in the gas station.Oh, Im awfully sorry.A
