1、 Unit 5 English around the world 对比： British English American English queue line pub bar flat apartment rubbish garbage post mail toilet bathroom trousers pants candy sweets football soccer primary school elementary school 句子及语法 1. China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continu
2、ed all the way through in to modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history, be (widely) known for 表示因而被 (广泛的)熟知 which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ancient civilization, which在定语从句中 作主语。 ups and downs 兴衰；浮沉；起落；悲欢； We are bound to see some ups and downs along the road to recovery. be bound to do sth. 注
3、定做某 事 2, There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system. why引导限制性定语从句，修饰 reasons,在定语从句中作原因状语。 The bad weather is the reason why I come late. 3, It dates several thousand years back to the use of longgu date back to = date from 意为“追溯
4、到 His family story dates back to the 1700s. His family story dates from 300 years 4, .it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters. when 引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 time,在定语从句 中作时间状语。 非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语，表示结果。 I come, running.表示伴随。 She left, crying.表示伴随。
5、 5, That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. be of +抽象名词= be +抽象名词化了的形容词 抽象名词：use, success, help, value, interest, benefit, health, importance, significance. This medicine is of no use. = This medicine is useful. You are sure of success. = You are surely
6、 successful. It is of great value. = It is very valuable. 此外，类似的结构还有： of+colour/age/size/height/weight/shape/type/kind等，用来说明人在年龄，身高，体重等方面或者 物在度量，大小，颜色，类别等方面的特征。 Tom is of the same weight as his younger brother. The pencils are of many different colours. He likes movies of this kind 一 Gone with the W
7、ind and Morden Times. 6, Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing, no matter(what/how/where/when/whether)是一个引导让步状语从句的连词 结构，意为“无论(什么/怎样/哪儿/何时/是否等) 可放在句首，句中，句尾。 no matter what =whateter No matter how fast the rabbit ran9 it c
8、ould not escape the wolf. Any person, no matter who they are, must go through an identity check. I will leave anyway, no matter what you say. 7, Written Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past. by which 引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 means,在定语从句中作状 语。该句子可改写为: C
9、hinas present is connected with its past by (through) the means(tool) of written Chinese Written 过去分词作定语,修饰 Chinese。 表示“书面汉语”。 此外， 现在分词也可以作定语。 A developing country 发展中国家 A developed country 发达国家 8, The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as
10、 an art form, known as Chinese callicraphY, which has become an important part of Chinese culture. which 在句中引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，指代前面的 Chinese calligraphyo known as Chinese calligraphy,非谓语动词中的过去分词短语作状语，在此用逗号隔开，作为插入 语。 be known as 意为“作为而闻名 9, As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increa
11、sing number of international students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through this amazing language. a number of 意为很多；好些，这时 number 还可以被 large, small, good, growing等形容词修 饰。 increasing在句中修饰 number,表示“不断增加；持续增多”。 A good number of my friends agree with me. Though she is quite a po
12、pular writer, only a small number of her works can be found in public libraries- 区分 the number of 与 a number of The number of students is 2000. The number of the apples is 40- There are a number of ants on the ground. A number of my friends think I should take a holiday 10, I can never quite get the
13、 main idea. Any advice? 句中 never quite get sth 表示说话人往往能听懂 部分词句，但 是不敢保证完全听明白了。这种表达的另一种近似说法为 cant always quite get sth.。 I am afraid I cant quite get what you says. He has strong accent, you know. Any advice?是一个省略句。网络留言是非正式文体。 11, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us. bridge the gap
14、 弥补差距 Sometimes it is really hard to bridge the generation gap. The differences between two cultures can always be bridged if the people of these areas continue to communicate. 12， 强调句：It is/was. that.结构 It wasnt until the late 1870s, however, when James Murry joined the project that it began to gro
15、w. not.until.是一个常用句型，until 引导时间状语从句。如果要 强调 until 引导时间的状语从句，常用这样的强调句结构“It is/ was not until .that It was not until midnight that he came back. It wasnt until the last Sunday that I finished my homework. 特别强调：定语从句中关系副词的用法特别强调：定语从句中关系副词的用法 引导定语从句的关系副词主要有where（=in +which）, when(on +which), why(for+which
16、),how。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中做状语。 Mary forgot the days when she spent with her students. Mary忘记了和学生一起的日子。 This is the place where I am looking forward visiting these years. 这就是这些年我想去的地方。 Is this the reason why you leave school early? 这就是你提前离开学校的原因吗？ 补充：补充：判断关系代词与关系副词判断关系代词与关系副词 判断关系代词与关系副词的方法： 1. 用关系代词
17、，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面没有宾语，就必须 要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。 判断下列句子的对错 （ ） This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （ ） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. （） Ill never forget the days (which) I spen
18、t in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 2. 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也就能正确选择出关系代词/关 系副词。 例1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days age? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 例2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 答案：例1 D，例2 A 例1变为肯定句： This museum is _ you visited a few days ago. 例2变为肯定句： This is the museum _ the exhibition was held. 注意：注意：当先行词是way时，除了in which，还可以用that来引导定语从句。that还经常省略。 I dont like the way in which he look at people. Judging from the way he walked, I believe he was wounded in the leg.
