1、2021 届高考英语二轮复习常考题型大通关（全国卷）届高考英语二轮复习常考题型大通关（全国卷） （四）语法填空（四）语法填空 一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Different countries have wildly different forms of greeting. In the USA, when you pass by someone you know, a nod is acceptable, and you usually shake hands with someone you first meet. But in Latin c
2、ountries, a firm handshake _(consider) rude. In my home country, Mauritius, when people meet, they usually kiss each other _ the cheeks. This is also common in France, _ the act is called faire la bise. However, this is not _ universal rule. During my first week in the USA, I kissed every single gir
3、l I met. My friends had to tell me that that was inappropriate, _ (leave) me in great embarrassment. What is common here, however, is for friends _ (hug) each other something I was not used to. Hugs always make me _ (frighten) because I dont really like that. This may seem strange since even kissing
4、 _ (stranger) is normal in my country. Now that I think about it, I hate cheek-kissing as well. Wouldnt it be _ (enjoy) to have a greeting code that is _ (wide) acceptable? Im not saying we should start doing that, but we can surely do something to avoid misunderstanding. 二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号
5、内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写 在答题卡上。 For centuries, people dreamed about leaving Earth and travelling to other worlds. Then, in 1957, the Soviet Union _(make) the first small step into space _ sending up a small satellite called Sputnik. Early space activities were conducted _ (main) by the United States and the
6、Soviet Union. But as time went by, Europe and Japan also learned how to build _ (they)own satellites and rockets. Today, countries such as China, India, South Korea, Israel and Brazil are also developing space industries. During the last 60 years, unmanned probes(探测器)have been sent towards many of t
7、he planets _ (exist) in the Solar System. Many space observatories, such as the Hubble Space Telescope, have been created to look at the _ (distance) universe. They have sent back some amazing pictures taken in visible(可见的)light. And they can also observe stars that are invisible to human eyes. The
8、flood of _ (discovery)has changed the way we look at the universe. More than 500 people have flown in space since Yuri Gagarin paved the way in 1961. 20 people have travelled to the moon, 12 of _ have walked on the moon. So far, space stations _ (build), and astronauts have learned to live and work
9、in space for many months _ even years. 三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Starting from Nov 1, 2020, people will be knocking on doors across the country to collect personal information. This is for the seventh national population census (人口普查). China _(conduct) a national survey every 10 years sin
10、ce the 1990s. _ (track) down more than 1 billion Chinese citizens is by no means easy. This year, about 7 million staff will be needed to visit homes for registration work. New methods will also be used during this census, _ (include) online information registration, _ (apply) of electronic devices
11、and big data, _ will be convenient for people who are not living where they are _ (official) registered, as well as those who do not want _ (bother) by door-to-door surveys. The data is expected to give _ full picture of the population. It provides support for making national development policies. T
12、he census has a large effect on our lives. For instance, areas with a high number of children may receive more funding for public schools. However, citizens privacy concerns could be one of the _ (big) challenges. Some may not be willing to give their personal information to census takers. In respon
13、se to such concerns, Jiangsus pilot work zone allowed residents to upload personal data on _ own through WeChat. The data will be delivered directly to the National Bureau of Statistics through a WeChat program. 四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Palace Museum, long _(associate) with images of
14、 century-old buildings and relics, is now taking a _ (surprise) step into fashion: not high-end fashion, but the everyday kind. On Dec 9, the online store of the Palace Museum Cultural and Creative Store released a new product a lipstick collection in six colors, _ attracted millions of page views a
15、 day. I find myself browsing this online store twice _ day and I definitely have a good time _ (do) so, as its quite relaxing. a college girl said. The colors showcase classic Chinese beauty: Lang Yao glaze red, Bean paste red, Tourmaline purple, Rose-purple, Mermaid pink and Maple red. They _ (draw
16、)from items in different shades of red worn by the emperors concubines during the Qing dynasty (1644-1911).The _ (inspire) for the lipstick packaging comes from the patterns of traditional Chinese porcelains and embroideries. It features red-crowned cranes, lingzhi mushrooms and butterflies, all _ (
17、do) in an elegant style, reported Peoples Daily. Rich _ traditional Chinese cultural meanings, these lipsticks have attracted much attention ever since they hit store _ (shelf). a WeChat user surnamed Liu told Global Times. I think the lipsticks have a high collection value as well. 五、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
18、1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As the famous French sinologist(汉学家) Jacques Gernet said: There is no doubt that in this sphere China has shown a greater inventiveness than any other civilization. Indeed, Chinese are among the peoples of the world _ have been particularly preoccupied with food and eating. This
19、 food culture _ (form) since the ancient time and is deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture. With over 5000 _ (name) dishes, Chinese cuisine is as varied as the countrys different peoples and geographical areas. Traditionally, Chinese cuisine is meant _ (enjoy) for its appearance and aroma, ta
20、ste and texture, balance and harmony of yin and yang elements, and its nutritious properties. In Chinese cuisine, rice is the symbol of life _ (it). It is added to many dishes and cooked in various ways. Rice is also one of the ancient seven basic _ (necessary) of life. Apart from rice, the consumpt
21、ion of meat has been a symbol of wealth and status throughout Chinese history. Most people could not afford meat, _ (make) tofu an important source of protein. Today, Chinas rising economy means that more meat is being eaten _ a daily basis. Pork is the most popular meat in Chinese cuisine, followed
22、 by beef and mutton. Many Chinese regions have their own cooking styles which has been influenced by the climate, the distribution of crop and animal _ (vary), the type of terrain, distance to the sea, the influence of neighboring nations and the import of ingredients and flavors. Naturally, seafood
23、 is dominant in coastal regions of China, _ in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang there is a dependence on meat such as beef and lamb. 六、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinas most sophisticated and challenging space adventurethe Change 5 robotic lunar mission ended successfully early Thursday morning w
24、ith its load of rocks and dust from the moon _(land) on the grasslands in northern China. The recovery team will make initial processing of the capsule and then use a plane to transport it to Beijing, _ it will be opened for technicians to remove the container holding 2 kg of lunar samples from a _
25、(previous) unvisited area known as Ocean of Storms, the China National Space administration said. Next, the sealed samples _ (transfer) to specially designed laboratories for _ (analysis), experiments and tests so scientists can determine the extraterrestrial (地球以外的) substances composition, structur
26、e and traits. This can _ (deep) their knowledge about the history of the moon and the solar system. _ those scientific objectives, project planners also want the mission to help to foster the countrys knowledge, technology and talent pool for its future _ (man) lunar missions and other deep-space ex
27、peditions. Therefore, _ certain proportion of the samples will also be on public display to enhance science awareness among the public, especially young generations. The successful landing marked the completion of the historic 23-day Change 5 expedition, the first in more than 40 years _ (bring) lun
28、ar samples back to Earth, also making China the third country to achieve this feat after the United States and the former Soviet Union. 答案以及解析答案以及解析 一、 答案：1. is considered 2. on 3. where 4. a 5. leaving 6. to hug 7. frightened 8. strangers 9. enjoyable 10. widely 解析： 本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历和例子讲述了不同的国家有非常
29、不同的问候方式。 1.考查时态语态。句中主语 a firm handshake 和动词 consider 是被动关系,此处作谓语用被动 语态。表示客观事实,与上下文一致用一般现在时。故填 is considered。 2.考查介词。此处指亲吻对方的脸颊,在脸上用介词 on。故填 on。 3.考查定语从句。句中包含定语从句,先行词是 France,在定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词 where 引导,故填 where。 4.考查冠词。句中 rule 是可数名词单数形式,此处表示一种普遍的规律,universal 开头是辅音 因素,故填 a。 5.考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词,此处用非谓语。前
30、面句子与动词 leave 是主动关系, 用现在分词作结果状语,故填 leaving。 6.考查动词不定式。句中 What is common here 是主语从句,此处强调具体的动作,用不定式作 表语。故填 to hug。 7.考查形容词。修饰人用-ed 结尾的形容词,故填 frightened。 8.考查名词。stranger 是单数可数名词,此处表示泛指用复数形式,故填 strangers。 9.考查形容词。此处表示令人愉快的,用形容词作表语,故填 enjoyable。 10.考查副词。修饰形容词 acceptable 用副词,指广泛接受的,故填 widely。 二、 答案： 1. mad
31、e 2. by 3. mainly 4. their 5. existing/existent 6. distant 7. discoveries 8. whom 9. have been built 10. or 解析： 文章大意:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了太空探索的起源和发展等相关信息。 1. 答案 made 命题透析考查动词时态。思路点拨根据句中的时间状语in 1957可知,此处应 该使用一般过去时,因此应该填入所给词的过去式 made。 2. 答案 by 命题透析考查介词。思路点拨此处用 by 表示方式。 3. 答案 mainly 命题透析考查词性转换。 思路点拨此处是用于修饰状语,
32、因此应该填人所给词 的副词形式 mainly。 4. 答案 their 命题透析考查代词。思路点拨句意表示建造它们自己的卫星和火箭,因此应该 填人所给词的形容词性物主代词 their。 5. 答案 existing/existent 命题透析考查非谓语动词/词性转换。思路点拨分析句子结构可知, 此处是在句中作后置定语修饰 planets,且 planets 和动词 exist 之间是主动关系,因此应该填人 所给词的现在分词 existing 或填其形容词形式。 6. 答案 distant 命题透析考查词性转换。思路点拨句意表示看遥远的宇宙,此处是用于修饰 名词 universe,因此应该填人所
33、给词的形容词 distant。 7. 答案 discoveries 命题透析考查名词单复数。 思路点拨 discovery 为可数名词,且根据上下文 可知此处指许多发现。 8. 答案 whom 命题透析考查定语从句。 思路点拨句意表示他们中的 12 人,此处是一个 非限制性定语从句,先行词是 20 people,且此处是 12 of.结构,因此应该填入关系代词 whom。 9. 答案 have been built 命题透析考查动词时态、语态主谓一致。思路点拨根据 So far 可知, 可知应该用现在完成时态,且主语 space stations 与 build 之间为被动关系,主语为复数形式
34、,故 填 have been built。 10.答案 or 命题透析考查并列连词。思路点拨此处用并列连词 or 表示选择关系。 三、 答案：1. has conducted/has been conducting 2. Tracking 3. including 4. application 5. which 6. officially 7. to be bothered 8. a 9. biggest 10. their 四、 答案：1. associated 2.surprising 3. which 4. a 5. doing 6. are drawn 7. inspiration 8
35、. done 9. in 10. shelves 解析： 本文是篇说明文。 故宫博物院文化创意馆网上旗舰店推出了新品 六色故宫口红, 这些口红蕴含着丰富的中国传统文化内涵,自上市以来备受关注。 1. 【答案】associated【解析】长久以来,人们一直将故宫博物院与百年老建筑和文物古迹联 系在一起。而如今,它正大胆进军时尚界。be associated with.,和有联系,去掉 be 动词,过 去分词短语作后置定语。 2. 【答案】surprising【解析】surprising,令人惊奇的,形容词,修饰名词作定语。 3. 【答案】 which 【解析】 关系代词 which 引导非限定性
36、定语从句,先行词是 product(产品),which 作从句的主语。 4. 【答案】 a 【解析】 我发现自己每天浏览这家网上商店两次,而且我确实很享受这样做。 twice a day,每天两次。 5. 【答案】doing【解析】do,做,动词; have a good time doing sth.,做某事很开心。 6. 【答案】are drawn【解析】它们取自清朝皇帝妃子们所穿的不同深浅的红色服饰。draw, 利用,取,动词,和主语 They 呈被动关系,根据 showcase(动词原形)以及本文内容可知时态为一 般现在时,构成一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + done,主
37、语是 They, be 动词用 are。 7. 【答案】inspiration【解析】根据定冠词 The,可知此处需要填入名词,inspiration,灵感,不可 数名词,作主语。 8. 【答案】done【解析】据人民日报报道,包装上印有丹顶鹤、灵芝与蝴蝶的图案,造型 优美。do 和 all 呈逻辑上的动宾关系,即被动,故用过去分词 ,构成独立主格结构。 9. 【答案】in【解析】这些口红蕴含着丰富的中国传统文化内涵,自上市以来备受关注。rich in.,富含,固定搭配。 10. 【答案】 shelves 【解析】 这些口红蕴含着丰富的中国传统文化内涵,自上市以来备受关注。 shelf,架子,可数名词,store shelf,货架,结合句意用复数形式。 五、 答案：1. who2. has formed3. named4. to be enjoyed5. itself6. necessities7. making8. on9.varieties10. while 六、 答案： landing where previously will be transferred analyses deepen Besides manned a to bring/to have brought
