1、. The Passive Voice （被动语态）（被动语态）Learning Objectives:Know the basic structure of passive voices.Learn different forms in tenses.Use passive voices correctly in basic tasks.Learn some special points about passive voices.In this lesson, we are going to Rules for the Olympic Games1. Nobody is allowed (a
2、llow) to enter the stadium without a ticket. 2. Children are not allowed (not allow) to make a noise and upset the competitors. If they do, they will be taken away (take away) from the stadium.3. No animals are allowed (allow) in the stadium.4. Cheating by athletes are not excused (not excuse). They
3、 are told (tell) to leave and punished (punish).5. No smoking is allowed(allow). If you are discovered, you will be fined (fine).1. Nobody is allowed (allow) to enter the stadium without a ticket.2. Children are not allowed (not allow) to make a noise and upset the competitors. If they do, they will
4、 be taken away (take away) from the stadium.3. No animals are allowed (allow) in the stadium.4. Cheating by athletes are not excused (not excuse). They are told (tell) to leave and punished (punish).5. No smoking is allowed(allow). If you are discovered, you will be fined (fine).How is the passive v
5、oice formed ?Read the sentences and make a summary.Basic form of passive voice:be+donedifferent tenses unchanged What are they?be+ done am/is/are am/is/are+beingshall/will+behave/has+been一般现在时一般现在时现在进行时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成时一般将来时一般将来时be was/were was/were+beingwould+behad+been+ done情态动词情态动词+bewill have been
6、一般过去时一般过去时 过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去将来时过去将来时将来完成时将来完成时情态动词情态动词How can we change a sentence into passive voice ? We call the snowman Mr. StrongThe snowman is called Mr.Strong by us. What are the rules ? Can you make a conclusion ?How can we change a sentence into passive voice ?1.找出主动语态句子的宾语；将其找出主动语态句子的
7、宾语；将其变成被动句里的主语。变成被动句里的主语。2. 根据以前学过的时态的相关知识根据以前学过的时态的相关知识确定该使用哪种时态被动语态。确定该使用哪种时态被动语态。3. 有必要的话，还可以使用有必要的话，还可以使用by+宾宾语，揭示动作的语，揭示动作的执行者执行者。Change the following sentences into the passive voice:1. All of us like our Chinese teacher.2. We are discussing the report.3. We have put off the basketball match.4
8、. We will finish our class next week.Our Chinese teacher is liked by all of us.The report is being discussed （by us）.The basketball match has been put off.Our class will be finished next week.Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given:1. I _ (give) a laptop by my father on my birthday
9、 yesterday.2. English _ (speak) all over the world. 3. The work _ (finish) tomorrow.4. The new building _ (build) now.was given is spokenwill be finished is being built5. The new gymnasium _ (put into use)next month.6. The new road _ already _ (build).7. The new park _ (build) by the end of last yea
10、r.8. He told me the sports meeting _ (hold) the next month.9. Rice _ (grow) in the south of China.will be put into usehas been builthad been builtwould be held is grown1.What happend to Tom ?2.What did the cat do ?He was bitten by a dog.It broke the cup.The cup was broken by the cat.能力提升能力提升1: Seein
11、g and Speaking The PRC found Oct. 1st,1949The Peoples Republic of China was founded on Oct. 1st,1949.Make a sentence:Make a sentence:The World Cup hold July 14th,2018The World Cup will be held on July 14th，2018.The new gymnasium put into use July 1st,2017The new gymnasium will be put into use on Jul
12、y 1st，2017.Make a sentence:能力提升能力提升2：Grammar FillingRules for Taking a TrainAfter years of efforts, the long-expected new railway station_(complete) recently and _(put) into use on July 1st,2017. Since we are not familiar with trains, we_(suppose)to know the basic rules for taking a train. First, ti
13、ckets must_(check) before entering. has been completedwill be putare supposedbe checked能力提升能力提升2：Grammar fillingRules for Taking a TrainSecond, no pets or dangerous items _(allow) to take on a train. Third, since some parts of the railway station_(improve) now, passengers should enter the hall accor
14、dingly. If someone disobeys the rules , he or she _(fine) heavily. are allowedare being improvedwill be fined在过去的很多年，我们已经做了很多工在过去的很多年，我们已经做了很多工作去改善我们的校园；作去改善我们的校园；2.众所周知众所周知,图书馆图书馆已经竣工并且投入使用；已经竣工并且投入使用；3.此外，今年一此外，今年一个新的教学楼正在建成之中，这将给给学个新的教学楼正在建成之中，这将给给学生提供一个更好的学习环境；生提供一个更好的学习环境；4.花园里我花园里我们正在种植新的树种，这样
15、可以在夏天给们正在种植新的树种，这样可以在夏天给我们提供阴凉；我们提供阴凉；5.总而言之，学校将会变总而言之，学校将会变得越来越漂亮漂亮，在这里我们会开心地得越来越漂亮漂亮，在这里我们会开心地学习和工作。学习和工作。能力提升能力提升3: In the past years,我们已经做了很多工作我们已经做了很多工作to improve our school environment.2.As we all know,图书馆已经竣工并已投入使用；图书馆已经竣工并已投入使用；3.In addition，今年一个新的教学楼正在建，今年一个新的教学楼正在建成之中，成之中，which will provid
16、e a better place for our study.4.花园里我们正在种植新的树花园里我们正在种植新的树种，种，which will offer shadow in summer tiome. 5.In conclusion，学校将会变得越来，学校将会变得越来越漂亮漂亮，在这里我们会开心地学习和越漂亮漂亮，在这里我们会开心地学习和工作工作。能力提升能力提升3: In the past years,我们已经做了很多工作我们已经做了很多工作to improve our school environment. 2.As we all know,图书馆已经竣工并已投入使用。图书馆已经竣工并已
17、投入使用。能力提升能力提升3: We have done a lot of work.A lot of work has been done.The library has been completed and has been put into use. 3.In addition，今年一个新的教学楼正在建成之中，今年一个新的教学楼正在建成之中，which will provide a better place for our study.A new teaching building is being built this year.能力提升能力提升3: 4.花园里我们正在种植新的树种，花
18、园里我们正在种植新的树种，which will offer shadow in summer time.New trees are being planted in the garden.5.In conclusion，学校将会变得越来越漂亮，在这，学校将会变得越来越漂亮，在这里我们会开心地学习和工作。里我们会开心地学习和工作。School will become more and more beautiful and we will study and work happily here.感官动词或使役动词使用省略感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定的动词不定式式,主动语态中不带主动语态
19、中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须，但变为被动语态时，须加上加上to 。watch let havehear see noticeAttention:.make somebody do somethingsomebody+ be +made to do something .see somebody do somethingsomebody +be +seen to do something My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. A present was given t
20、o me yesterday. My mother made me a new skirt. A new skirt was made for me.2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动.He gave me a book.A book was given to me by him. .He showed me a ticket.A ticket was shown to me by him. .My father bought me a new bike. A new bike
21、was bought for me by my father. 什么时候用什么时候用to,什么时候用什么时候用for 呢？呢？give, show, lend, sell, tell, pass, bring, take, teach, offer, pay, promise sth to sbbuy, cook, make, find, keep, order, choose, paint sth for sb3. 短语动词要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看短语动词要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：这类动词有
22、： laugh at, operate on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about hand in, catch sight of, make use of, pay attention to, set fire to, take care of等。等。 .我妹妹由奶奶照顾。我妹妹由奶奶照顾。My sister will _by Grandma.病人正在做手术病人正在做手术 The patient_.be taken care ofis being operated on1.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise,
23、happen, succeed, remain, take place, break out, belong to, consist of等。等。 Attention:不用被动语态的情况不用被动语态的情况When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun_ already _ ( rise) .China has taken place great changes .Great changes have been taken place in ChinahasrisenFFGreat changes have taken place in China
24、,2.感官系动词感官系动词(feel，look, seem, taste, sound, smell)用主动形式表示被动意义，用主动形式表示被动意义，.The building _(look)very beautiful.Her voice _ (sound) quite sweet and we were deeply attracted.lookssounded3.有些动词通常是及物动词，但是当它们有些动词通常是及物动词，但是当它们well,badly, easily等副词连用时，表示等副词连用时，表示主语内主语内在品质或性能在品质或性能，是是不及物动词不及物动词，用用主动表示主动表示被动
25、被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook等。等。.The cloth_ (wash) easily.The new product _(sell) well.The pen _(write) smoothly.washessellswrites4.be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动后的动名词要用主动表被动 .In all, the book is_. .This might_.但是：但是：be worthy to be done / of being doneThis book is worth
26、y to be read / of being read.worth readingbe worth thinking about.The plants want watering / to be watered every day. .The wall wants repairing / to be repaired.5.在在need, want, require 表示表示“需要需要”的动词的动词后的动名词用主动形式表被动意义。后的动名词用主动形式表被动意义。want, deserve, need, require, stand +doing, 相当于相当于to be done.We hav
27、e an old musical instrument. It _(call) a clavichord. It _(make) in Germany in1681. Our clavichord _(keep) in the living room. It _ (belong) to our family for a long time. The instrument _(buy) my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She str
28、uck the keys too hard and two of the strings _ (broke). My father _ (shock). Now we _( not allow) to touch it. It _ (repair) by a friend of my fathers now.is called was made is kept has belongedwas bought were broken was shocked are not allowed is being repaired 这堂课，我学到了这堂课，我学到了. 这堂课后，我还有哪些需要进一步加强这堂课后，我还有哪些需要进一步加强.Homework Finish the exercises on your workbook on page 15
